Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is primarily meant by research integrity?
What is primarily meant by research integrity?
Which of the following is NOT considered a scientific misconduct?
Which of the following is NOT considered a scientific misconduct?
Which ethical principle emphasizes treating others how you would like to be treated in research?
Which ethical principle emphasizes treating others how you would like to be treated in research?
What does salami slicing refer to in the context of research publications?
What does salami slicing refer to in the context of research publications?
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What is the consequence of selective reporting in research?
What is the consequence of selective reporting in research?
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Which of the following terms refers to the practice of publishing the same research findings in multiple journals?
Which of the following terms refers to the practice of publishing the same research findings in multiple journals?
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What is a key aspect of moral character in research integrity?
What is a key aspect of moral character in research integrity?
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Which of the following best describes the impact of ethics in scientific research across different countries?
Which of the following best describes the impact of ethics in scientific research across different countries?
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What constitutes a violation of research integrity when it involves authorship?
What constitutes a violation of research integrity when it involves authorship?
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Which action is considered unethical in data handling?
Which action is considered unethical in data handling?
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How should researchers manage confidential data they encounter?
How should researchers manage confidential data they encounter?
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What is an example of unethical behavior related to peer review?
What is an example of unethical behavior related to peer review?
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What role do ombudspersons serve within research institutions?
What role do ombudspersons serve within research institutions?
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Which practice is unacceptable regarding employment and grant applications?
Which practice is unacceptable regarding employment and grant applications?
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What is a serious breach of ethical conduct involving students?
What is a serious breach of ethical conduct involving students?
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Why is it important for support systems to be accessible within research institutions?
Why is it important for support systems to be accessible within research institutions?
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Why is documenting research processes crucial for researchers?
Why is documenting research processes crucial for researchers?
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What is a key consideration for mentors in relation to their trainees?
What is a key consideration for mentors in relation to their trainees?
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What should take precedence when the roles of academic research institutions conflict?
What should take precedence when the roles of academic research institutions conflict?
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Which of the following actions would violate the ethical treatment of research animals?
Which of the following actions would violate the ethical treatment of research animals?
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What is essential for effective advocacy concerning human subjects and animals in research?
What is essential for effective advocacy concerning human subjects and animals in research?
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How can institutions promote productive interactions between mentors and trainees?
How can institutions promote productive interactions between mentors and trainees?
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What is the origin of the word 'ethics'?
What is the origin of the word 'ethics'?
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What must research institutions do to earn public trust?
What must research institutions do to earn public trust?
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What is a key characteristic of scientific conduct in research?
What is a key characteristic of scientific conduct in research?
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What can undermine efforts to create a climate of integrity within research institutions?
What can undermine efforts to create a climate of integrity within research institutions?
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Which of the following best defines scientific misconduct?
Which of the following best defines scientific misconduct?
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In what way can mutual evaluations help within research teams?
In what way can mutual evaluations help within research teams?
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Who should the policy on conflicts of interest apply to?
Who should the policy on conflicts of interest apply to?
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What does the Danish definition of scientific misconduct emphasize?
What does the Danish definition of scientific misconduct emphasize?
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What is one of the key goals of conflict of interest policies in research institutions?
What is one of the key goals of conflict of interest policies in research institutions?
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What should institutions ensure regarding the treatment of trainees?
What should institutions ensure regarding the treatment of trainees?
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What ultimate goal should research institutions strive for concerning their research teams?
What ultimate goal should research institutions strive for concerning their research teams?
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How should violations of guiding principles be handled according to the institutional climate?
How should violations of guiding principles be handled according to the institutional climate?
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Which principle is crucial for reliable research according to DTU?
Which principle is crucial for reliable research according to DTU?
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What type of document should institutions have regarding conflicts of interest?
What type of document should institutions have regarding conflicts of interest?
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What is NOT considered a good scientific practice?
What is NOT considered a good scientific practice?
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The DTU code of conduct is based on which broader standard?
The DTU code of conduct is based on which broader standard?
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What should be instantiated within research institutions regarding human subjects and animal use?
What should be instantiated within research institutions regarding human subjects and animal use?
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How is 'ethical decision making' relevant to research practices?
How is 'ethical decision making' relevant to research practices?
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What is a significant challenge in defining misrepresentation of data in scientific research?
What is a significant challenge in defining misrepresentation of data in scientific research?
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Which of the following is considered a form of scientific misconduct?
Which of the following is considered a form of scientific misconduct?
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How can researchers promote objectivity in their research?
How can researchers promote objectivity in their research?
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Which of the following is NOT a cause of scientific misconduct?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of scientific misconduct?
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What must researchers do in the face of collegial skepticism regarding their findings?
What must researchers do in the face of collegial skepticism regarding their findings?
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What is an example of intentional negligence in scientific research?
What is an example of intentional negligence in scientific research?
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Why might organizations refuse to label misrepresentation of data as scientific misconduct?
Why might organizations refuse to label misrepresentation of data as scientific misconduct?
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Which of the following is considered a breach of research ethics?
Which of the following is considered a breach of research ethics?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Research and Publication Ethics
- Research integrity is active adherence to ethical principles and professional standards for responsible research
- Ethical principles include honesty, trust, worthiness, and high scientific record expectations
- Research integrity is important for moral character and personal responsibility for decisions and practices
- Scientific research ethics vary by discipline and country
- The course covers researchers, government officials and those creating, modifying, and enforcing scientific ethics globally
Objectives
- Provide insight to learners concerning scientific conduct and its impact on research
- Detail the epistemology, ethics, and educational research
- Discuss intellectual honesty and research integrity
- Identify potential scientific misconducts
- Analyze redundant publications
- Examine salami slicing
- Clarify selective reporting and data misrepresentation
- Differentiate between duplicate and overlapping publications
- Understand the reasoning and justification for beliefs
Ethics in Science and Research
- UNESCO defines research as systematic and creative actions to increase knowledge about humans, culture, and society
- Scientific research is a neutral, planned, multi-step process that uses prior knowledge to advance new knowledge
Scientific Investigations
- Scientific investigations begin by forming a specific research question and developing a testable hypothesis
- The scientific method is characterized by neutrality, objectivity, rationality, and the ability to approve or disprove hypotheses
- Data should be analyzed with appropriate statistical methods, reevaluated, and interpreted in light of existing literature; research should be open to scientific criticism
- Psychiatric research is rapidly evolving, demanding an understanding of ethical principles applicable to humans and society, for example: protection of human subjects, respect for human beings and society, and harm minimization
Research and Research Ethics
- Research is a careful consideration or study of a matter
- "Research ethics" is primarily concerned with the ethical considerations that arise when researchers engage in research
- Academic institutions have research guidelines, but unfair practices might occur due to time constraints and knowledge gaps in information literacy, leading to plagiarism of others’ work
Objectives of Research Ethics
- Safeguard human participants involved in research
- Ensure research benefits humanity as a whole
- Evaluate research activities for ethical soundness, confidentiality, and consent
Principles of Research Ethics
- Honesty, sound judgment, integrity, and respect for intellectual property are essential to research activities
- Researchers must take care about confidentiality and accountability in publishing, including peer review, authorship, and credit
Ethical Use of Information
- Ethical norms in research aim to promote knowledge, truth, and minimize errors
- Collaboration in research requires trust, accountability, mutual respect.
- Ethical norms in research aid in protecting intellectual property, promoting data sharing, and preventing premature disclosure
Ethical Decision Making in Research
- Researchers should understand how to interpret, assess and apply research rules in diverse situations
- Other "deviations" from acceptable research practices, that may not be considered unethical research misconduct, but are problematic
Integrity in Research
- Individual researchers and institutions must maintain integrity through moral behavior and adherence to excellence, trustworthiness, and lawfulness
- Accuracy in proposals and reports involves honest representation of one's and colleagues' contributions, avoiding plagiarism
- Peer review should promote excellence and support research based on merit
- Collegiality in scientific interactions includes communication and sharing of resources, timely, open, and full-scope reporting of findings
Transparency in Conflict of Interest
- Conflict of interest in research exists if a participant has an interest in the research outcome that compromises integrity
- Financial incentives, religious, political, or social beliefs can be sources of bias
- Researchers must disclose all conflicts of interest, particularly those with funding sources
Protection of Human Subjects
- Ensuring human rights and voluntary participation in research is essential for responsible research
- Individuals have rights and responsibilities, to refuse or withdraw from research, and respect for the subject should be observed
- Institutions must have processes and measures in place to protect participants, including oversight by ethical review boards
Humane Care of Animals
- Humane treatment and care of animals is necessary to ensure responsible research conduct
- Animal welfare, considering benefits vs. potential harm to animals, should be a priority
- Research involving animals must adhere to ethical standards to avoid harm and suffering
Adherence to Mutual Responsibilities
- Mutual respect and clear communication among team members in a research environment support ethical behavior
- Fairness and accountability within a research environment are important
Encouraging Respect in Research
- Creating a research environment that supports respect and honest interaction among researchers promotes research integrity
- Enforcing institution-wide policies on topics such as harm, harassment, and fair pay and procedures
Support Systems in Research
- Researchers and institutions must provide support for those affected or in conflict and provide an accessible procedure to address concerns about research integrity
Promote Productivity
- Mentorship plays a significant role in the development of future scientists
- Mentors should consider the student's needs, providing support and training
- Institutions should provide training and support
Respect for All in Research
- Maintaining high ethical standards creates and protects researchers based on mutual trust and respect
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Description
This quiz explores the vital principles of research integrity and ethical conduct in scientific research. Participants will learn about the significance of honesty, trustworthiness, and the challenges posed by misconduct such as redundant publications and data misrepresentation. Understanding these concepts is crucial for anyone involved in research across various disciplines.