Research and Publication Ethics

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Questions and Answers

What is a key aspect of plagiarism?

  • Collaborating with peers to enhance understanding.
  • Citing all sources accurately in a report.
  • Using someone else's ideas without crediting them. (correct)
  • Creating original content based on thorough research.

Which of the following is an example of deliberate plagiarism?

  • Misplacing references in a bibliography.
  • Copying a chapter from a book and submitting it as your own work. (correct)
  • Using a quote but stating the author incorrectly.
  • Accidentally forgetting to cite a source.

Which type of plagiarism involves combining ideas from various sources without proper attribution?

  • Self Plagiarism
  • Deliberate Plagiarism
  • Accidental Plagiarism
  • Mosaic Plagiarism (correct)

Which scenario represents self-plagiarism?

<p>Reusing your own previously published work without citation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a type of plagiarism identified in the content?

<p>Authorial Plagiarism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a form of plagiarism?

<p>Ghostwriting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of committing plagiarism?

<p>Ability to redo the work with a capped grade (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What practice is recommended to avoid plagiarism?

<p>Drafting your paper conscientiously (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents misrepresentation in academic work?

<p>Using ideas without acknowledging the source (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of plagiarism?

<p>Time management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential penalty for repeated acts of plagiarism?

<p>Permanent exclusion from the institution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The act of falsifying data is considered which of the following?

<p>Scientific misconduct (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best practices should one adopt to manage research effectively?

<p>Complete research at stipulated time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the penalty for Level 1 plagiarism, which involves similarities above 10% to 40%?

<p>The student must submit a revised script within 6 months. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if a student commits repeated plagiarism?

<p>The student is penalized with a level higher than the previous one. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the consequences if plagiarism is discovered after a degree has been awarded?

<p>The degree is put in abeyance for a period determined by the IAIP. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum similarity percentage allowed for Level 0 plagiarism?

<p>Up to 10% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What penalty applies to an academic paper revealing similarities above 40% but below 60%?

<p>The manuscript must be withdrawn, and the student loses one increment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Institutional Academic Integrity Panel assess penalties for theses and dissertations?

<p>Based on the severity of the plagiarism. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the penalty for a student found guilty of Level 3 plagiarism, which exceeds 60% similarity?

<p>The student’s registration for their program is canceled. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Level 2 plagiarism based on similarities of 40% to 60%?

<p>Must withdraw the manuscript and lose one annual increment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Falsification

Intentionally false information on applications, certificates, reports, or records for compliance purposes, or fraudulent reproduction of such documents.

Plagiarism

Presenting someone else's work, ideas, or answers as your own without proper attribution.

Deliberate Plagiarism

Intentionally copying or using other's work without proper citation.

Accidental Plagiarism

Unintentional copying or use of other's work without proper citation, often from sloppy research.

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Self-Plagiarism

Reusing substantial portions of your own previously published work without proper citation in a new publication, as if it were new work.

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Misrepresenting others' work

Claiming something as your own that was created by someone else.

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Using others' ideas without credit

Employing someone else's ideas or concepts without giving them proper acknowledgment.

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Falsifying data/quotations

Creating or altering data or quotes in a dishonest way. This includes fabricated quotes.

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Ghostwriting

Having someone else write your work for you, then submitting it as your own.

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Copy and paste plagiarism

Copying text from a source without proper citation (and sometimes even changing a few words).

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Time management (research)

Completing research and assignments on time.

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Academic dishonesty penalties

Consequences for plagiarism, such as failing grades, redoing assignments, or even expulsion.

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Plagiarism Penalty Level 0

Similarities up to 10% in academic work or publications are considered minor and no penalty is applied.

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Plagiarism Penalty Level 1

Similarities between 10% and 40% in academic work or publications require a revised submission within 6 months.

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Plagiarism Penalty Level 2

Similarities between 40% and 60% in academic work or publications result in a one-year ban from submitting work.

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Plagiarism Penalty Level 3

Similarities over 60% in academic work or publications lead to cancellation of program registration.

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Repeated Plagiarism Penalty

If plagiarism is repeated, the penalty increases to the next higher level each time.

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Plagiarism Penalty After Degree

If plagiarism is detected after a degree is awarded, the degree can be put on hold for a period based on IAIP recommendations.

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Plagiarism in Publications (Level 1)

Similarities between 10% and 40% in academic publications require manuscript withdrawal.

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Plagiarism in Publications (Level 2)

Similarities between 40% and 60% in academic publications lead to manuscript withdrawal and loss of one year's salary increment.

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Study Notes

Research and Publication Ethics

  • Research integrity is active adherence to ethical principles and professional standards for responsible research practice.
  • Ethical principles include honesty, trustworthiness, and high regard for the scientific record.
  • Research integrity is an aspect of moral character and personal responsibility.

Objectives

  • Learners will gain insights into scientific conduct and its implications in research.
  • Knowledge about Epistemology, Ethics, and Educational Research.
  • Understanding of intellectual honesty and research integrity.
  • Identifying potential scientific misconducts.
  • Identifying redundant publications.
  • Understanding salami slicing.
  • Understanding selective reporting and misrepresentation of data
  • Differentiating between duplicate and overlapping publications.

Scientific Misconduct

  • Fabrication: Creating false data or results and recording or reporting them.
  • Falsification: Manipulating research materials, equipment, or processes to change or omit data, making the record inaccurate.
  • Plagiarism: Appropriating someone else's ideas, processes, words or results without appropriate attribution.
  • Honest errors and differences of opinion are not considered misconduct.

Ethical Decision-Making in Research

  • Respect for humans: Humans have the right to refuse participation or withdraw consent.
  • Respect for society: Ensure research benefits society.
  • Benefit: Research outcomes should solve health problems.
  • Harmlessness: Take precautions to protect participants from harm.
  • Autonomy: Research participation must be voluntary.
  • Justice: Equal care and treatment for all participants.
  • Confidentiality: Protecting data and identity information.

Ethics in Research

  • Research is systematic and creative actions to increase knowledge about humans, culture, and society.
  • Scientific research is a multiple-step process that builds upon existing knowledge to expand knowledge in the absence of existing knowledge.
  • Scientific research may be observational or experimental, descriptive or analytical, and prospective, retrospective, or cross-sectional.

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