Renaissance Overview and Vocabulary
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Questions and Answers

What was the outcome of Galileo's trial by the Inquisition in 1633?

  • He was forced to recant his views. (correct)
  • He was excommunicated from the Church.
  • He was celebrated as a hero.
  • He continued his research without punishment.

    • The Scientific Revolution marked a decline in the emphasis of observation and experimentation.

    False

    What role does a philosopher primarily play in society?

    Asking fundamental questions and analyzing concepts.

    Galileo is now remembered as a symbol of __________ and scientific inquiry.

    <p>intellectual freedom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

    <p>Separation of powers = System of checks and balances Enlightenment = Emphasis on reason and individualism Scientific Revolution = Emergence of modern science Philosopher = Individual exploring fundamental questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the primary reasons for the reform sought by humanists like Erasmus?

    <p>To address the corruption within the Catholic Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Indulgences were a way to gain forgiveness for wrongdoings without punishment.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What document did Martin Luther create to express his grievances against the Catholic Church?

    <p>95 These</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Selling ________ was perceived as a corrupt practice that exploited people's fears.

    <p>indulgences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Indulgences = A pardon sold by the Church to lessen punishment Excommunicate = To exclude someone from Church services 95 These = Martin Luther's list of complaints against the Church Corruption = Dishonest conduct by those in power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Church primarily make money during the Medieval period?

    <p>By charging for ceremonies and selling indulgences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    By the 1500s, questioning the Church's authority was common among the populace.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lifestyle did many higher officials in the Church lead during the Renaissance?

    <p>Lavish lifestyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Louis XIV's famous saying 'L'etat, c'est moi!' mean?

    <p>I am the state!</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Louis XIV's control over the nobility included moving them to Versailles to keep them under control.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which notable event involves Louis XIV revoking the rights of Huguenots?

    <p>The Edict of Nantes was revoked.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Peter the Great ruled Russia from 1682 to _______.

    <p>1725</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the rulers to their descriptions:

    <p>Louis XIV = Controlled the nobility and centralized power in France Philip = King of Spain who avoided unity with France Ivan the Terrible = Established the Romanov dynasty and known for his cruelty Peter the Great = Modernized Russia while being oppressive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the natural rights identified by John Locke?

    <p>Life, liberty, and property</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rene Descartes asserted that one could doubt the existence of their own mind.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of government according to John Locke?

    <p>To protect natural rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The condition where wants exceed limited resources is known as __________.

    <p>scarcity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following philosophers with their primary contributions:

    <p>John Locke = Natural rights: Life, liberty, and property Rene Descartes = Method of systematic doubt Montesquieu = Separation of government powers All of the above = Influential in Western philosophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents one of Descartes' methods of reasoning?

    <p>Accept only self-evident truths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Montesquieu believed that combining government powers would safeguard individual freedoms.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'prioritization' refer to in economics?

    <p>Making choices due to limited resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of indulgences during the Reformation period?

    <p>To reduce punishment for wrongdoings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Martin Luther's 95 Theses primarily focused on the pope's power, church's wealth, and indulgences.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who protected Martin Luther at Wartburg Castle?

    <p>Frederick (III) the Wise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ of Worms declared Martin Luther an outlaw and heretic.

    <p>Edict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following individuals with their roles during the Reformation:

    <p>Martin Luther = Nailed the 95 Theses to the church door Pope Leo X = Ordered Luther to recant Charles V = Summoned Luther to the trial in Worms Erasmus = Wrote about the corruption in the Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event was triggered by Martin Luther's 95 Theses?

    <p>The start of the Reformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Luther supported the Peasant's Revolt because he believed in equality.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Peace of Augsburg in 1555 allow German princes to do?

    <p>Choose to follow either Catholicism or Lutheranism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The invention of the __________ helped spread Luther's ideas quickly throughout Europe.

    <p>printing press</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did many German princes support the Protestant movement?

    <p>To gain wealth and eliminate papal influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key idea promoted by John Locke that influenced revolutionary thought?

    <p>Individuals have rights to life, liberty, and property</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The phrase 'no taxation without representation' indicated the colonists' acceptance of British taxes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Declaration of Independence state regarding government?

    <p>The people had the right to overthrow their government if it did not protect their rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The first shot fired in the American Revolutionary War is known as 'the shot heard __________'.

    <p>round the world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the events with their corresponding descriptions:

    <p>First Continental Congress = Established a government by the colonies Olive Branch Petition = Appeal to King George III for protection of rights Declaration of Independence = Formal statement of separation from Britain Battles of Lexington and Concord = First military engagements of the American Revolutionary War</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept influenced the structure of the American Constitution?

    <p>Checks and balances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The American colonies were satisfied with the taxes implemented by Britain after the Seven Years War.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who became the commander in chief of the Continental Army?

    <p>George Washington</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Philosophers who argued for a social contract believed it was essential for maintaining __________.

    <p>peace and order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which revolution was significantly inspired by Enlightenment ideas surrounding individual rights?

    <p>French Revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Renaissance Overview

    • The Renaissance was a period of cultural change in Italy starting in the 1300s, spreading to other parts of Europe.
    • The term "Renaissance" means "rebirth," referring to a revival of classical Greek and Roman culture.
    • The era was marked by significant artistic, political, social, economic, and cultural developments.
    • Key periods include Italian Renaissance (1300-1600) and Northern Renaissance (1450-1600).

    Renaissance Vocabulary

    • Secularism: Focus on worldly rather than religious matters.
    • Humanism: A philosophy emphasizing human potential and achievement.
    • Patron: An individual who supports artists, writers, or other creative endeavors financially.

    Italian Renaissance

    • Florence, a significant city-state, was a republic.
    • Powerful merchant families and guilds controlled much of the city's power.
    • The influential Medici family was among the wealthiest merchants and bankers in Europe during this period.
    • The Medici family was a major patron of the arts.
    • Humanists studied ancient Greek and Roman texts to increase their understanding of their own time.

    Northern Renaissance

    • The Northern Renaissance began around 1450-1600.
    • The Black Death in the early 1400s slowed the movement of the Renaissance into Northern Europe.

    Printing Revolution

    • Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press.
    • The invention made books more affordable, increasing literacy and the spread of knowledge.

    Impact of the Printing Press

    • Easier access to books: broadened knowledge base.
    • Faster spread of ideas across Europe.
    • More people learned to read and write.
    • Printing press enabled advancements in various fields, for example producing maps, charts, etc.
    • This led to a more globally interconnected world, influencing human experience more rapidly and extensively.

    Cause of Reformation

    • Humanism fostered critical thinking about the Catholic Church's authority.
    • Printing press allowed for a wider dissemination of ideas critical of the Church.
    • Corruption within the Church, such as indulgences, contributed to calls for reform.
    • Powerful local rulers gained influence and often challenged Church authority.

    Reformation Effect

    • The Reformation led to the creation of Protestant denominations.
    • Ideas of religious reform spread rapidly across Europe.
    • The Catholic Church responded to the reform movement through the Counter-Reformation.
    • The weakening of the Catholic Church permitted a rise in centralized state power.

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    Renaissance Midterm Study Guide PDF

    Description

    Explore the major concepts and key terms of the Renaissance period, which was marked by a revival of classical culture and significant developments in art and society. This quiz covers essential vocabulary, important figures, and the influence of Italian city-states, particularly Florence and the Medici family.

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