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Regulation of Insulin Secretion and Protein Channels in Plasma Membrane Quiz

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Regulation of Insulin Secretion and Protein Channels in Plasma Membrane Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main effect of insulin on plasma potassium concentration?

Stimulates Na-K ATPase activity to facilitate K+ entry into cells (correct)

Inhibits the movement of K+ across the cell membrane

Decreases Na-K ATPase activity to release K+ from cells

Promotes rapid exit of K+ from cells

Which of the following is NOT a physiological action of insulin?

Anabolic

Anti Diabetogenic

Protein catabolism (correct)

Anti-lipogenic

How does insulin affect glucose metabolism in most cells?

Increases glucose breakdown

Increases glucose uptake (correct)

Decreases glucose uptake

Decreases glucose storage

Which hormone is responsible for promoting interaction with a stimulatory G protein on hepatocytes?

Glucagon (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of glucagon in blood glucose regulation?

Increases blood glucose concentration (D) Signup and view all the answers

Where is glucagon primarily synthesized and secreted from in the body?

Alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary physiologic stimulant of insulin release?

Glucose (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which transporter protein allows glucose to enter B cells for insulin release?

GLUT 2 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What ion enters B cells through voltage-gated calcium channels triggering insulin exocytosis?

Calcium (Ca⁺⁺) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of insulin receptors on target cells like liver, muscle, and fat?

Facilitate glucose entry into cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which action of insulin leads to the translocation of GLUT 4 glucose transporter to cell membranes?

Phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which insulin exerts its effects on target cells?

Activation of tyrosine kinase region on the receptor (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a major target for insulin action?

Pancreatic islet cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of insulin on carbohydrate metabolism in the liver?

Stimulates glucose oxidation and inhibits glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis (C) Signup and view all the answers

At what plasma glucose level does a maximum insulin response occur?

$300 ; \mathrm{mg/dL}$ (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones/conditions decreases insulin secretion?

Somatostatin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pattern of insulin secretion upon glucose stimulation?

An initial burst followed by a second phase of gradual increase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of insulin on adipose tissue metabolism?

Promotes fuel storage in the form of fat (B) Signup and view all the answers