Railway Derailment Procedures Quiz
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Questions and Answers

When should the proforma not be filled out in relation to a derailment?

  • When the cause is related to weather conditions.
  • When the cause of derailment is an obstruction on track. (correct)
  • When the cause is due to negligence in maintenance.
  • When the cause is determined to be human error.

    • What chord length is preferred for measuring versines on curves sharper than 10 degrees?

  • 15.5 feet.
  • 62 feet.
  • 100 feet.
  • 31 feet. (correct)

    • How far apart should additional vertical track profile levels be taken if the point of derailment is within 200 meters of a grade change?

  • 15 meters.
  • 20 meters. (correct)
  • 10 meters.
  • 25 meters.

    • What is the minimum extent for recording vertical track profile data after a derailment site has been cleared?

    <p>200 meters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the recording interval for versines during measurement?

    <p>15.5 feet intervals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the sketch prepared by the engineering representative indicate?

    <p>The direction of the movement and the names of stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the required coverage length for the sketch behind the point of mount?

    <p>About 300 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is NOT required to be indicated in the sketch of the site of the accident?

    <p>Train schedule prior to the accident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step that inspectors/officers must undertake after a derailment?

    <p>Fill in the proforma before leaving the site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which information is essential for the sketch regarding derailed vehicles?

    <p>Marks left on sleepers, rails or ballast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature must each track of the Permanent way be represented by in the sketch?

    <p>A pair of lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must the senior-most officer at the site do with the completed proforma?

    <p>Countersign the proforma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of soil is NOT mentioned in the guide?

    <p>Gravel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition of ballast is mentioned in the guide?

    <p>Slushy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of sleeper is NOT referenced in the document?

    <p>Concrete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a function of rail fastening mentioned in the guide?

    <p>To secure the rail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition of rails is NOT indicated in the guide?

    <p>Warped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is noted as a condition regarding rail joints?

    <p>Hogged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what location of derailment could the point be identified?

    <p>On a sagging track</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'left and right' refer to in the context of the guide?

    <p>Direction of train movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied about the condition of sleepers?

    <p>They can be newly installed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anti-sabotage measure is mentioned regarding rail components?

    <p>Reversed jaws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be indicated to fix the site of an accident precisely?

    <p>Distance from the nearest kilometre post</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an accident within station limits, what should be included to explain the movement of the affected train?

    <p>Sufficient details about the station layout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crucial when detailing the position of broken parts found at the accident site?

    <p>Showing their precise position in relation to the track</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should sketches include in case of an accident involving tracks?

    <p>All necessary details relevant to the issue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect should be clarified in a sketch if an accident occurs in a station yard?

    <p>The yard layout and the system of working</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be shown in relation to the track in the case of any marks from track fittings?

    <p>Their exact position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional sketches may be necessary in the case of an accident?

    <p>Multiple sketches to clarify yard layout and wheel marks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be provided regarding details of damage to bridges involved in an accident?

    <p>Details of the damage spanwise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional details may be considered necessary when reconstructing the scene of an accident?

    <p>All relevant evidence that can aid in understanding the incident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which column should be filled in only when there is suspicion of sabotage causing a derailment?

    <p>Column 20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum distance for sag extents on either side of the theoretical junction of grade lines?

    <p>90 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conditions require broken track material to be preserved and included in column 19?

    <p>Only if the breakage is not indisputably established after the accident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be marked as station number '0' during measurement?

    <p>The point of mount</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For wooden sleepers involved in a derailment on curves, which columns must always be completed?

    <p>Column 16 and 17</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How far apart should measurements typically be taken in relation to derailment?

    <p>3 meters apart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which rail should the cross level be measured on, as per the established procedure?

    <p>Only the left rail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be indicated in the remarks regarding the transition curve?

    <p>The length of the transition and degree of curve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended distance for taking individual sleeper measurements behind the point of mount?

    <p>9 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What denotes the nearest stations before and after the site of derailment for measurements?

    <p>Marked serially as '+n' for ahead and '-n' for behind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred measurement interval for versines on curves up to 10 degree sharpness?

    <p>15.5 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional data should be taken if the point of derailment is within 200 meters of a grade change of 0.5% or more?

    <p>Vertical track profile data of one rail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the measurement of versines be conducted for curves sharper than 10 degrees?

    <p>On chords of 31 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the minimum distance for vertical measurements after clearing the derailment site?

    <p>200 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of recording versine values against the nearest adjacent cross level recording station?

    <p>To evaluate track stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the sketch prepared at the derailment site?

    <p>To provide a visual representation of the accident site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements is essential to include in the accident site sketch?

    <p>The direction of the train's movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the sketch indicate regarding the position of derailed vehicles?

    <p>Their relative position on site and marks they left</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be clearly indicated in the sketch to aid in location identification?

    <p>The north point and surrounding stations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How far should the sketch cover behind the point of mount?

    <p>300 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature should be represented by a pair of lines in the sketch?

    <p>Each track of the Permanent way</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What detail regarding the tracks should be included in the sketch?

    <p>Positions of level crossings and supporting structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition of ballast that can be specified?

    <p>Firm and wet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sleeper is mentioned in the guide?

    <p>Steel trough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'left and right' refer to in the guide?

    <p>Direction of train movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition of rail joints is mentioned?

    <p>Wear and loose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of soil type is NOT identified in the guide?

    <p>Peat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rail fastening is indicated in the guide?

    <p>Dog spikes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is mentioned regarding the condition of sleepers?

    <p>Can be damaged or unserviceable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature characterizes the rail joints discussed in the guide?

    <p>Welded rails</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition is the ballast considered choked?

    <p>Over-replaced and dirty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be indicated to show the extent of disturbance caused in P.Way or train composition due to the accident?

    <p>Distance measurements indicating the extent of disturbance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the case of accidents near level crossings, what additional information is required?

    <p>Full details of the level crossings involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When creating a sketch for an accident within station limits, what should be clarified?

    <p>The layout of the station and movement of the affected train</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the position of broken parts and other extraneous materials be represented in the sketch?

    <p>In relation to the track and vehicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional sketches may be necessary in documenting an accident?

    <p>One showing the position of wheel marks and another of yard layout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature must be included in the sketch to represent both rails of the track?

    <p>A single line representing both rails</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be shown in the sketch regarding any track fittings present at the accident site?

    <p>Marks of sleeper or fittings in their exact position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which details should be illustrated regarding the damage to bridges involved in the accident?

    <p>Details of damage in a spanwise manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary to include when reconstructing the scene of an accident?

    <p>Any other relevant details to understand the accident context</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of track material must always be included in column 19 if it is not obviously broken?

    <p>Broken track material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should column 20 be filled in during the reporting process?

    <p>When there is suspicion of sabotage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For wooden sleepers involved in a derailment on curves, which columns must be filled?

    <p>Columns 16 and 17</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard distance between measurements taken after a derailment site has been established?

    <p>3 meters apart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should the cross level be measured according to established procedures?

    <p>On the left rail only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What denotes the systematic approach to handling measurements related to a derailment?

    <p>Marking stations serially as ‘+n’ and ‘-n’</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suggested measurement distance for individual sleepers in the context of derailments?

    <p>9 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of data is generally noted in relation to the transition curve?

    <p>Degree of super-elevation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary condition that must be checked among the spring plates and buckles?

    <p>Free movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect is crucial for assessing the condition of the axle guard according to the details provided?

    <p>Bent or damaged state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor should be considered when evaluating the clearance between the axle and axle guard?

    <p>Level of axle movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which measurement is specified for ensuring safety in the bogie components?

    <p>Height of buffer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be ensured regarding the spring and spring gear's condition in vehicles?

    <p>Freedom from obstructions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is NOT a requirement for the sketch prepared at the accident site?

    <p>The distance from each derailed vehicle to the nearest station</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be prominently indicated in the sketch concerning the railway tracks?

    <p>The representation of each track by a pair of lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the preparation of the accident site sketch, how much distance should be adequately covered in front of the point of mount?

    <p>300 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element should be included in the sketch to ensure proper identification of the accident location?

    <p>The north point orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What detail regarding the point of mounting is required in the sketch?

    <p>The position of rail joints on either side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which information is crucial to include related to gradient when creating the accident sketch?

    <p>The beginning and end of the curves with degree of curvature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the consequence if the proforma is not countersigned by the senior most officer present at the accident site?

    <p>The proforma will be considered incomplete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific information should be included to establish the precise location of an accident site?

    <p>Dimensions from the nearest kilometer post and center line of track</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which detail is crucial to explain the affected train's movement during an accident within station limits?

    <p>Details about the station layout and topography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be clearly indicated regarding any broken parts found at the accident site?

    <p>Their exact position in relation to the track</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional sketches may be necessary to clarify details during an investigation of an accident?

    <p>Multiple sketches of the yard layout and system of working</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an accident scenario, which detail is crucial for addressing the disturbance caused in the track or train composition?

    <p>Distance showing the extent of the disturbance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be preserved and included in column 19 after a derailment?

    <p>Only broken track materials not established as broken post-accident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of track fittings must be represented accurately in relation to the track during the investigation?

    <p>Any marks from sleeper and other track fittings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be provided concerning details of level crossings during an accident investigation?

    <p>Full details of the level crossings involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it unnecessary to collect data in columns 2 to 19?

    <p>When the defect is due to major obstruction on track</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the required sag extent measurement from the theoretical junction of grade lines?

    <p>90 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of sketched details after an accident, what should be shown regarding the damages to bridges involved?

    <p>Details of the damage spanwise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which columns must be filled for wooden sleepers during a derailment on curves?

    <p>Columns 16 and 17</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in sketches when reconstructing the scene of an accident?

    <p>Any other details considered necessary for reconstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What format should the points of measurement be identified as for stations ahead of the site of derailment?

    <p>+n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the cross level be recorded according to the established guidelines?

    <p>On the left rail only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distance for taking measurements typically during a derailment investigation?

    <p>3 meters apart for 45 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation should column 20 be filled?

    <p>When there is suspicion of sabotage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should measurements of individual sleepers be taken for?

    <p>For a length of 9 meters in the rear of 0 station</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct chord length for versine measurement on curves that are 10 degrees or sharper?

    <p>31 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition should vertical track profile data be taken at intervals of 20 meters?

    <p>If the point of derailment is within 200 meters of the theoretical change of grade point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred interval for recording versine values during measurement on curves?

    <p>15.5 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the nature of data collected after the accident site has been cleared?

    <p>Vertical track profile of one rail within specified limits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition that allows for skipping the proforma filling in the event of a derailment?

    <p>An obvious cause of derailment due to significant factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of measuring versines on a chord of 62 feet?

    <p>It provides higher accuracy for low sharpness curves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'versine' refer to in the context of track measurement?

    <p>The distance from the chord to the arc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which distance should be maintained for taking vertical measurements after a derailment?

    <p>200 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should measurements of versines be compared against?

    <p>The nearest adjacent cross level recording station</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional step is necessary when recording conditions following a derailment?

    <p>Recording wheel and axle thickness as per standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Proforma for Derailment

    • A proforma (form) is required to be filled in case of a derailment.
    • Relevant sections must be filled in by inspectors/officers from the relevant department.
    • The completed form must be co-signed by the senior officer at the accident site.
    • The completed form is part of the inquiry proceedings.
    • The proforma should contain the relevant paragraphs for the relevant departments to be filled before leaving the site of the accident.

    Accident Site Sketch

    • An engineering representative must create dimensioned sketches of the accident site.
    • The sketch should be detailed enough for a scale plan of the entire site.
    • The sketch must accurately depict the following information:
      • Train number
      • Date of the accident
      • Kilometre marker of the accident site
      • North direction
      • Names of stations near the accident site (both in the direction of movement and opposite)
      • Distance covered (approximately 300 meters behind the point of the mount and an equal distance in front)
      • Every track is denoted by a pair of lines.
      • Level crossings, telegraph posts, bridges, tunnels, gradient posts (with gradient symbols), curves (with information on curvature), super-elevation, and transition lengths are detailed.
      • Position of derailed vehicles and marks on sleepers, rails, or ballast are included.
      • Point of mounting and position of rail joints on both sides are marked.
      • Point of drop is indicated.
      • Position of the wheels of the first derailing vehicle.
      • Position of other displaced parts (rails, wagons, components).
      • Distances from the nearest kilometer post and center line of the track are indicated.
      • Dimensions from the nearest kilometer post and center line of the track are given.

    Accident Within Station Limits

    • If the accident occurs within a station, sufficient details of the station layout should be recorded to explain the movement of the affected train.
    • The distance from the accident site to permanent structures should be precisely indicated.
    • The extent of disturbance in the railway track, or train composition due to the accident, should be indicated using distances.
    • Sufficient details of the station layout should be shown to fully explain the movement of the affected train.

    Additional Details

    • Any marks on sleepers or other track fittings should be clearly marked.
    • Broken parts of other objects at the site should be detailed and their position relative to the track documented.
    • If necessary, more than one sketch may be included. One clarifying the yard layout and the working system and another giving detailed information (positions of wheels, marks, etc.).
    • Terminal stations (upside and downside) should be mentioned on the sketch, with the terminal station on the down side on the right extremity and the one on the upside on the left extremity.
    • Sketch should be based on the station working diagram
    • Details of track structures and bridge damages are needed.
    • Complete details of any level crossings.
    • Any other details necessary to reconstruct the accident scene needs to be documented.
    • The relevant details of accidents within stations should be included.

    Permanent Way and Soil Details

    • Details of the soil type and condition (e.g., sandy, loam, clay, moorum, black cotton) and its condition are documented.
    • Tables contain sections for ballast type, depth below the sleepers, whether cleaned or choked, width of shoulder, and details of each rail and sleeper. Tables show type - wooden, CST9 Steel trough, condition - new, second-hand etc. as well as density and square/not.
    • Tables contain sections for rails (weight, condition of wear), rail joints (condition, general remarks, description of anti-sabotage measures), locations of mount and derailment points (whether on curves, straight, on grade, or on rising/sagging locations).

    Track Measurements

    • Measurements, like distance apart (in metres), gauge (in mm), cross-level (in mm), and grinding/rubbing marks on rails, and versines, are needed.
    • Point of mount is marked as station no. '0', and stations in the direction of movement are marked as ‘+n' and in the other direction as ‘-n'.
    • The cross-level is measured on the left rail.
    • The data for columns 2 to 19 should not be collected if the defect is obviously due to obstruction.
    • Broken track material, if not indisputably established as broken after the accident, should be preserved and included.
    • Sabotage as a cause of derailment should be indicated in column 20 only if suspicion exists.
    • A 90-meter sag should be shown on both sides of the grade lines' theoretical junction.
    • Information should be included for wooden sleepers in case of derailment on curves regarding whether bearing plates were provided or not.

    Additional Measurements Considerations

    • Measurements are taken at 3 metres intervals over a distance of 45 metres (on either side of the 0 station).
    • Other measurements for individual sleepers are taken as required.
    • Measurements may extend to 90 metres in the rear if the cause of the derailment is not obvious.
    • Measurements of verticals track are taken when the point of derailment is near (within 200 meters) and the grade change is at a certain percentage (0.5% or more); such measurements are measured in sections of 20 metres distance in the rear of the point of derailment.
    • Measurements should be taken as early as possible after the accident location has been cleared.

    Carriage and Wagon Details

    • A table is to be filled to detail each carriage and wagon (vehicle).
    • Information needed includes type of vehicle, tare (tonnes), carrying capacity (tonnes), building date, return date, and other particulars.
    • Further information is detailed on a separate table including (but not limited to): pay load, commodity loaded, station details, wheel base (dimensions), braking condition (braked or pipel), position from engine, and wheel and axle descriptions (thickness, gauge dia. in mm).
    • Other detailed sections record axle box conditions, axle guard clearances, and spring and spring gear details.
    • Additional details are included for wagon identification, measuring marks and for identifying obstructions.

    Additional Considerations

    • Information on sabotage or obstruction on the tracks/lines should be explicitly indicated.
    • The left and right directions are relative to the direction of the train movement.
    • Necessary tools, such as a good-quality photographic camera, should be available.
    • For Rolling Stock measurements: Tyre Defect Gauge, Outside Calliper, Inside Calliper, Feeler Gauge set, Wheel Gauge set sliding type (spring loaded), spirit level, measuring tape 20 meters, MICO gauge, template, nylon wire 20 meters, are needed.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the procedures and requirements for documenting and sketching accident sites in case of a railway derailment. This quiz covers the essential steps, including the filling of proformas and creating accurate accident site sketches. Perfect for railway safety inspectors and engineering representatives.

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