Quality Theory Chapter 2: Understanding Theory in Quality Management
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Questions and Answers

What is a theory?

A 'coherent group of general propositions used as principles of explanation for a class of phenomena.'

What are the 4 elements required for a theory to be complete?

What, How, Why, Who

What does 'What' involve in a theoretical model?

Which variables or factors are included in the model.

What does 'How' refer to in a theoretical model?

<p>The nature, direction, and extent of the relationship among the variables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

From a contingency perspective, what is important in quality theory?

<p>Resolving the differences in quality approaches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a theoretical model relating quality improvement to?

<p>Worker morale.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two ways in which theories are established?

<p>Induction and Deduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the 14 Points for Management?

<p>W. Edwards Deming</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first point in Deming's 14 Points for Management?

<p>Create a consistency/constancy of purpose toward improvement of product and service with the aim to become competitive, stay in business and provide jobs</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Deming, what should businesses cease dependence on to improve quality?

<p>Mass inspections</p> Signup and view all the answers

What practice should businesses end, according to Deming's 14 Points for Management?

<p>End the practice of awarding business on the basis of price tag alone</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Deming advocate for in the sixth point of his 14 Points for Management?

<p>Institute training on the job</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the first step in the 14 Points for Management, according to Deming?

<p>To create a consistency/constancy of purpose toward improvement of product and service</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative proposed by Deming in relation to quality?

<p>Quality at the source</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Deming, what should businesses aim to improve constantly and forever?

<p>The system of production and service, to improve quality and productivity, and thus constantly decrease cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the second step in Deming's 14 Points for Management?

<p>Adopt a new philosophy: We are in a new economic age</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Theories and Quality Improvement

  • A theory is a concept that explains and predicts phenomena, and has four essential elements to be complete: variables, statements, laws, and principles.
  • In a theoretical model, 'What' involves the definition of variables, while 'How' refers to the relationships between variables.

Contingency Perspective and Quality Theory

  • From a contingency perspective, the context in which quality theory is applied is important.
  • A theoretical model relates quality improvement to the overall system or process.

Establishing Theories

  • Theories can be established through two ways: deductive and inductive approaches.

Deming's 14 Points for Management

  • W. Edwards Deming proposed the 14 Points for Management, which aim to improve quality and management practices.
  • The first point in Deming's 14 Points for Management is to create constancy of purpose towards improvement.
  • Deming advocates for businesses to cease dependence on inspection to improve quality, and instead focus on improvement processes.
  • Businesses should end the practice of awarding business on the basis of price tag alone, according to Deming's 14 Points for Management.
  • Deming advocates for the establishment of training on the job, which is the sixth point of his 14 Points for Management.
  • The purpose of the first step in the 14 Points for Management is to create constancy of purpose towards improvement.
  • Deming proposes an alternative to mass inspection, where quality is built into the product during the production process.
  • Businesses should aim to improve constantly and forever, according to Deming's 14 Points for Management.
  • The second step in Deming's 14 Points for Management is to adopt the new philosophy, which involves changing the way people think and work.

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Description

Test your knowledge of quality theory concepts from Chapter 2, including the definition of theory, leading contributors, contingency perspective, resolving differences in quality approaches, and theoretical framework for quality management.

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