Python Data Types and Variables Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What will be the output of the following code? `print(1+1)`

What will be the output of the following code? `print(str(1)+str(1))`

What will be the output of the following code? `print("Hello"*2)`

HelloHello

What does the following code print? `foo = 20 bar = foo*2 print (bar)`

40 Signup and view all the answers

Is this code equivalent to the code above? `foo = 20 print (foo*2)`

True Signup and view all the answers

Is there anything wrong with this code? `foo = 20 print(int(foo)*2)`

False Signup and view all the answers

Is there anything wrong with the code below? Will it run? Will the answer be logically correct? `# double the user's input myInput = input("Please input a number here: ") print (myInput*2)`

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the following code? `a = 25 b = False if (a < 25) or (not b): b = not b elif (a >= 25) and b: a /= 5 else: a += 7 b = False print(f"{a}: {b}")`

25: False Signup and view all the answers

Are the following two functions ______?

equivalent Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the two functions below? `def baz(x): return 2x def qux(x): print(2x)`

The function <code>baz(x)</code> returns the result of <code>2*x</code> to the caller, while <code>qux(x)</code> only prints the result without returning a value. Signup and view all the answers

Using the same function definitions as above, identify the problem in the following code. Will it run? Will the results be what you expect? Why or why not? `a = baz (3) b = qux (3) print(a) print(b)`

True Signup and view all the answers

Identify the problem in the following piece of code. `def myFunc(x): int(input("Input any number.")) x = if x > 10: return True return False`

The code does not correctly assign the user input to the variable <code>x</code>. It's missing an assignment statement. This will result in a TypeError because the <code>if</code> statement then tries to compare the variable <code>x</code> to 10, without <code>x</code> having been assigned a value. Signup and view all the answers

Write a function that takes a numeric value x (int), as well as an integer n, and uses a looping structure to return the exponent x^n.

<pre><code class="language-python">def exponent(x, n): result = 1 for i in range(n): result *= x return result </code></pre> Signup and view all the answers

Write a function that takes a list as an argument to find the sum of all elements in the list using a looping structure.

<pre><code class="language-python">def sumList(lst): sum = 0 for element in lst: sum += element return sum </code></pre> Signup and view all the answers

Write a function that takes a list as an argument and returns a new list that removes all duplicates in the list.

<pre><code class="language-python">def uniqueList(lst): unique_list = [] for element in lst: if element not in unique_list: unique_list.append(element) return unique_list </code></pre> Signup and view all the answers

Trace through the code manually to predict what will happen when the code is executed. Then, convert the code snippet into Python code to verify your answers. `a = [] for i in range(50): a.append(i) print(a)`

The code initializes an empty list as <code>a</code> and then appends the integers from 0 to 49 to this list. Finally, it'll print the entire list <code>a</code> with all the elements. Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the code snippet `for i in range(5): a.pop(i) print(f"after pop", a)`

The code will produce an <code>IndexError: pop index out of range</code> error. Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the code snippet `for i in range(5): a.remove(a[i]) print(f"after remove a[i]", a)`

The output of the code snippet will be <code>after remove a[i] [1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49]</code> Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the code snippet `b=a[:] for i in range(5): a.remove(b[i]) print(f"after remove b[i]",a)`

The code snippet will produce a TypeError: list indices must be integers, not str. The error occurs in the line <code>a.remove(b[i])</code>. Signup and view all the answers

Write a function that returns a N-by-N 2-D list of randomly generated numbers between 0 and 100. Take n as an argument to your function.

<pre><code class="language-python">import random def create_2d_list(n): grid = [] for i in range(n): row = [random.randint(0, 100) for _ in range(n)] grid.append(row) return grid </code></pre> Signup and view all the answers

Then, write a function to print this 2-D list, line by line, as a string. The function must be counter-controlled. The functions must take two arguments: grid (your 2-D list) and n (the size of your list.)

<pre><code class="language-python">def print_2d_list(grid, n): for i in range(n): for j in range(n): print(grid[i][j], end=' ') # print elements of the row separated by space print() # print new line after each row </code></pre> Signup and view all the answers

Consider the following code: `myDict = {} for i in range (1,5): myDict[i] = i*2 for key in myDict: print(f"{key}: {myDict[key]}")` Bob says: I believe this code will print out "1:2, 2:4, 3:6, 4:8, 5:10", in that order, all on new lines. However, Alice disagrees. Who is correct? If Alice is correct, what are the reasons Bob is wrong?

Alice is correct. Bob is wrong because the output of the given code will be: <pre><code>1: 2 2: 4 3: 6 4: 8 </code></pre> Signup and view all the answers

Assume that the userCart variable is a list of strings representing the items in the user's cart. For example, ["banana", "apple", "bacon", "apple"] is a valid shopping cart. Write a function, receipt(userCart), to calculate the total cost of a user's cart and print a nicely formatted receipt.

True Signup and view all the answers

We will calculate the sum of a list of numbers recursively. However, we will trace the steps to solve this by hand. You may also implement the code if you wish. Complete the following trace: sum([5,6,2,8,9])

<pre><code>sum([5,6,2,8,9]) 5 + (sum([6,2,8,9])) 5 + (6 + (sum([2,8,9]))) 5 + (6 + (2 + (sum([8, 9])))) 5 + (6 + (2 + (8 + (sum([9]))))) 5 + (6 + (2 + (8 + (9)))) 5 + (6 + (2 + (17))) 5 + (6 + (19)) 5 + (25) 30 </code></pre> Signup and view all the answers

Now, we will do the same for the product of a list of numbers. prod([10,9,6,4,2]) # Complete this line as well

<pre><code>prod([10,9,6,4,2]) 10 * (prod([9, 6, 4, 2])) </code></pre> Signup and view all the answers

We define n!=n(n-1)(n-2)*...21. 1. What is the base case? 2. What is the recursive case? 3. Write the code to define the recursive function fact(n).

<ol> <li>The base case is when n is equal to 0. In this case, the factorial of 0 is 1. 2. The recursive case is when n is greater than 0. In this case, the factorial of n is calculated by multiplying n by the factorial of (n-1). 3. ```python def fact(n): if n == 0: return 1 else: return n * fact(n-1)</li> </ol> <pre><code></code></pre> Signup and view all the answers

What will happen when this function is run? `def myFunc(x): return x + myFunc(x-1)`

The function will produce a RecursionError: maximum recursion depth exceeded in comparison. Signup and view all the answers

What will happen when this function is run? `def myFunc(x): if x == 0: return x print(myFunc(x-1))`

The function will result in a Stack Overflow error due to infinitely calling the function. Signup and view all the answers

What will each line of the following code print? `print(1+1)`

2 Signup and view all the answers

What will each line of the following code print? `print(str(1)+str(1))`

11 Signup and view all the answers

What will each line of the following code print? `print("Hello"*2)`

HelloHello Signup and view all the answers

Are the following two functions equivalent? `def foo(x): myVar = 2x return myVar def bar(x): return 2x`

Yes, these functions are equivalent. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Data Types

Code will print the results of arithmetic and string operations
print(1 + 1) will print 2
print(str(1) + str(1)) will print "11"
print(str(1) + 1) will result in an error because you can't add a string to an integer
print("Hello" * 2) will print "HelloHello"
print("Hello" + 3) will result in an error because you can't add a string to an integer

Variables

Code will calculate and print the value of bar.
foo is assigned the integer value 20
bar will store the result of multiplying foo by 2. Thus bar would be 40
Code will print the value stored in bar, which is 40
Alternative code that print(foo * 2) does the same operation without the extra variable bar
Third code, print(int(foo) *2) , does the same as foo * 2

User Input

Code takes user input and doubles it.
Code attempts to multiply string (myInput) by 2.
String multiplication does not apply directly, leading to an error
Input must be cast to an integer.

Branching Control Structures

Code uses if, elif, and else statements to conditionally execute code.
a is assigned the value 25
b is assigned the value False.
Code will print the value of aand b determined from conditional statement if-else tree
if a < 25 or not b is true, then b is set to not b, or true.
if a >= 25 and b is true, then a is divided by 5.
otherwise a is increased by 7.
Values are printed (a ,b)

Looping Control Structures - Fizz Buzz

Code prints numbers from 1 to 100
Replaces multiples of 3 with "fizz"
Replaces multiples of 5 with "buzz"
Replaces multiples of 3 and 5 with "fizzbuzz"
Output matches the example in each case

Functions

foo and bar functions are equivalent because they do the same calculation.
baz returns a value, while qux prints the result. The functions are not equivalent.
Code assigns value 6 to a and prints to console a, qux(3) prints 6 for b to the console
myFunc(x) Code will print an error or fail to complete. It asks for input to assign to x

Data Structures - Lists

SumList function calculates the sum of elements in a list using a loop.
UniqueList function creates a new list that removes duplicate elements.
Code creates a list of the numbers 0 through 49

Data Structures - Dictionaries

Code creates a dictionary, myDict.
Dictionary keys are numbers 1 through 4.
Values are twice the key.
Code prints each key-value pair .
Bob is incorrect .Output is "1: 2", "2: 4", "3: 6", "4: 8"

Recursion

Function calculates the initial number of peaches
Recursively calls itself with one fewer day to determine how many peaches have been accumulated at the previous day.
Calculates the number of peaches by multiplying the peaches at the previous day.
This recursive formula can be used to create a closed form solution, determining the initial day's peach count

Objects & Classes

Class describes a generic animal
Attributes are species, size, sound, and isHungry.
__init__ method handles initialization; getSize,makeNoise, and feed methods handle specific animal actions.

File I/O

'r' mode opens a file for reading
'w' mode opens a file for writing (truncating the file if it exists)
'a' opens a file for appending

Debugging

try-except blocks allow handling potential errors
try block executes the possibly problematic code
except block executes only if the error occurs

Searching

Two types of search algorithms (sequential, binary search) discussed.
Binary search is usually faster for sorted lists.
It will not work on an unsorted list

Sorting

Merge sort is often faster for larger lists than selection or bubble sort due to more efficient divide and conquer approach.

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Test your knowledge on Python data types and variable operations with this quiz. The questions will cover arithmetic and string operations, as well as user input handling. See how well you understand the nuances of Python syntax and variable manipulation!

Python Data Types and Variables Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What will be the output of the following code? print(1+1)

What will be the output of the following code? print(str(1)+str(1))

What will be the output of the following code? print("Hello"*2)

What does the following code print? foo = 20 bar = foo*2 print (bar)

Is this code equivalent to the code above? foo = 20 print (foo*2)

Is there anything wrong with this code? foo = 20 print(int(foo)*2)

Is there anything wrong with the code below? Will it run? Will the answer be logically correct? # double the user's input myInput = input("Please input a number here: ") print (myInput*2)

What is the output of the following code? a = 25 b = False if (a < 25) or (not b): b = not b elif (a >= 25) and b: a /= 5 else: a += 7 b = False print(f"{a}: {b}")

Are the following two functions ______?

What is the difference between the two functions below? def baz(x): return 2*x def qux(x): print(2*x)

Using the same function definitions as above, identify the problem in the following code. Will it run? Will the results be what you expect? Why or why not? a = baz (3) b = qux (3) print(a) print(b)

Identify the problem in the following piece of code. def myFunc(x): int(input("Input any number.")) x = if x > 10: return True return False

Write a function that takes a numeric value x (int), as well as an integer n, and uses a looping structure to return the exponent x^n.

Write a function that takes a list as an argument to find the sum of all elements in the list using a looping structure.

Write a function that takes a list as an argument and returns a new list that removes all duplicates in the list.

Trace through the code manually to predict what will happen when the code is executed. Then, convert the code snippet into Python code to verify your answers. a = [] for i in range(50): a.append(i) print(a)

What is the output of the code snippet for i in range(5): a.pop(i) print(f"after pop", a)

What is the output of the code snippet for i in range(5): a.remove(a[i]) print(f"after remove a[i]", a)

What is the output of the code snippet b=a[:] for i in range(5): a.remove(b[i]) print(f"after remove b[i]",a)

Write a function that returns a N-by-N 2-D list of randomly generated numbers between 0 and 100. Take n as an argument to your function.

Then, write a function to print this 2-D list, line by line, as a string. The function must be counter-controlled. The functions must take two arguments: grid (your 2-D list) and n (the size of your list.)

Assume that the userCart variable is a list of strings representing the items in the user's cart. For example, ["banana", "apple", "bacon", "apple"] is a valid shopping cart. Write a function, receipt(userCart), to calculate the total cost of a user's cart and print a nicely formatted receipt.

We will calculate the sum of a list of numbers recursively. However, we will trace the steps to solve this by hand. You may also implement the code if you wish. Complete the following trace: sum([5,6,2,8,9])

Now, we will do the same for the product of a list of numbers. prod([10,9,6,4,2]) # Complete this line as well

We define n!=n*(n-1)(n-2)...21. 1. What is the base case? 2. What is the recursive case? 3. Write the code to define the recursive function fact(n).

What will happen when this function is run? def myFunc(x): return x + myFunc(x-1)

What will happen when this function is run? def myFunc(x): if x == 0: return x print(myFunc(x-1))

What will each line of the following code print? print(1+1)

What will each line of the following code print? print(str(1)+str(1))

What will each line of the following code print? print("Hello"*2)

Are the following two functions equivalent? def foo(x): myVar = 2*x return myVar def bar(x): return 2*x

Study Notes

Data Types

Variables

User Input

Branching Control Structures

Looping Control Structures - Fizz Buzz

Functions

Data Structures - Lists

Data Structures - Dictionaries

Recursion

Objects & Classes

File I/O

Debugging

Searching

Sorting

Studying That Suits You

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What will be the output of the following code? `print(1+1)`

What will be the output of the following code? `print(str(1)+str(1))`

What will be the output of the following code? `print("Hello"*2)`

What does the following code print? `foo = 20 bar = foo*2 print (bar)`

Is this code equivalent to the code above? `foo = 20 print (foo*2)`

Is there anything wrong with this code? `foo = 20 print(int(foo)*2)`

Is there anything wrong with the code below? Will it run? Will the answer be logically correct? `# double the user's input myInput = input("Please input a number here: ") print (myInput*2)`

What is the output of the following code? `a = 25 b = False if (a < 25) or (not b): b = not b elif (a >= 25) and b: a /= 5 else: a += 7 b = False print(f"{a}: {b}")`

What is the difference between the two functions below? `def baz(x): return 2x def qux(x): print(2x)`

Using the same function definitions as above, identify the problem in the following code. Will it run? Will the results be what you expect? Why or why not? `a = baz (3) b = qux (3) print(a) print(b)`

Identify the problem in the following piece of code. `def myFunc(x): int(input("Input any number.")) x = if x > 10: return True return False`

Trace through the code manually to predict what will happen when the code is executed. Then, convert the code snippet into Python code to verify your answers. `a = [] for i in range(50): a.append(i) print(a)`

What is the output of the code snippet `for i in range(5): a.pop(i) print(f"after pop", a)`

What is the output of the code snippet `for i in range(5): a.remove(a[i]) print(f"after remove a[i]", a)`

What is the output of the code snippet `b=a[:] for i in range(5): a.remove(b[i]) print(f"after remove b[i]",a)`

We define n!=n(n-1)(n-2)*...21. 1. What is the base case? 2. What is the recursive case? 3. Write the code to define the recursive function fact(n).

What will happen when this function is run? `def myFunc(x): return x + myFunc(x-1)`

What will happen when this function is run? `def myFunc(x): if x == 0: return x print(myFunc(x-1))`

What will each line of the following code print? `print(1+1)`

What will each line of the following code print? `print(str(1)+str(1))`

What will each line of the following code print? `print("Hello"*2)`

Are the following two functions equivalent? `def foo(x): myVar = 2x return myVar def bar(x): return 2x`