Data Types and Variables in Python

Study Notes

### Data Types

int - Whole numbers, like 5, -10
float - Numbers with decimal points, like 3.14, -2.5
str - Strings, sequences of characters, like "Hello", "Python"
list - Ordered collections of items, modifiable, like [1, 2, 3], ['a', 'b', 'c']
tuple - Ordered collections of items, immutable, like (1, 2, 3), ('a', 'b', 'c')
dict - Unordered collections of key-value pairs, like {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 30}
set - Unordered collections of unique items, like {1, 2, 3}, {'a', 'b', 'c'}

Variables

Namespace - A region of memory where variables reside
Variable Naming Rules - Must start with a letter or underscore, can contain letters, numbers, and underscores
Variable Naming Conventions - Use lowercase letters, separate words with underscores
Assignment with = - Assigns a value to a variable, like my_variable = 10
== vs. is - == checks for equality in value, is checks for identity (same memory location)

Control Structures

Boolean Expressions - Evaluate to True or False
- Comparisons: == (equals), != (not equals), > (greater than), < (less than), >= (greater than or equals), <= (less than or equals)
print - Displays output to the console
input - Retrieves input from the user

Description

This quiz covers the essential data types in Python, including integers, floats, strings, lists, tuples, dictionaries, and sets. Additionally, it explores the rules and conventions for naming variables, along with assignment operators and identity checking. Test your knowledge on these fundamental programming concepts!