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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of pulmonary edema?
What is the primary cause of pulmonary edema?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
What is the imaging test of choice for diagnosing pulmonary embolism?
What is the imaging test of choice for diagnosing pulmonary embolism?
Virchow's triad describes the three key factors that contribute to thrombus formation. Which of the following is NOT part of Virchow's triad?
Virchow's triad describes the three key factors that contribute to thrombus formation. Which of the following is NOT part of Virchow's triad?
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What is the most common origin of pulmonary emboli?
What is the most common origin of pulmonary emboli?
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Flashcards
Pulmonary Edema
Pulmonary Edema
Accrued fluid in the lungs, caused by hemodynamic disturbances or increased capillary permeability.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
A severe lung condition characterized by diffuse endothelial damage and increased vascular permeability.
Pulmonary Embolism
Pulmonary Embolism
Blockage in the pulmonary artery often from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the legs.
Virchow's Triad
Virchow's Triad
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Chest CT Angiography
Chest CT Angiography
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Study Notes
Pulmonary Diseases of Vascular Origin
- Common lung vascular issues include pulmonary edema, acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension, and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.
Pulmonary Edema
- Caused by hemodynamic disturbances or increased capillary permeability due to microvascular injury.
Causes of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
- ARDS involves infections, physical injuries, inhaled/chemical irritants.
- Diffuse endothelial damage increases vascular permeability, leading to protein-rich fluid leakage into the alveoli.
Pulmonary Embolism
- Most often caused by deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower leg.
- D-dimer is a blood test used to screen for DVT.
Risk Factors for Pulmonary Embolism
- Prolonged bed rest, leg surgery, and congestive heart failure (CHF) may increase risk.
Thrombosis
- Virchow's triad includes endothelial injury, stagnant/turbulent blood flow, and hypercoagulability, leading to thrombus formation.
Diagnostic Tests and Complications for Pulmonary Embolism
- Chest CT angiography is a crucial imaging test.
- Complications can include decreased cardiac output, right heart failure, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.
Clinical Presentation: Pulmonary Embolism
- Symptoms include shortness of breath (dyspnea), pleuritic chest pain, cough, calf pain, wheezing, and hemoptysis.
- Diagnostic tests include chest CT angiography, lower limb Doppler ultrasound, and echocardiography.
Types of Thrombi
- Arterial thrombi form at sites of endothelial injury.
- Venous thrombi, also called phlebothrombosis.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various pulmonary diseases that have vascular origins, including pulmonary edema, ARDS, and pulmonary embolism. Explore the causes, risk factors, and underlying mechanisms of these critical conditions. This quiz is essential for students studying pulmonary medicine.
