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Public Policy Overview and Types
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Public Policy Overview and Types

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary characteristic of Social Insurance policies?

  • They are exclusively for the unemployed.
  • They are temporary programs with limited benefits.
  • They guarantee benefits to specific groups who have contributed. (correct)
  • They provide benefits without requiring contributions.

    • Which of the following is an example of a Social Insurance program?

  • Food Stamps
  • Medicaid
  • Affordable Care Act
  • Social Security (correct)

    • What is one major issue facing Social Insurance programs?

  • They primarily offer benefits to high-income individuals.
  • They have excess revenue from payroll taxes.
  • They are not generating enough revenue from contributions. (correct)
  • They are limited to only healthcare services.

    • Which program was designed to help the elderly with medical costs?

    <p>Medicare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main goal of the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)?

    <p>To subsidize healthcare for low-income individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the U.S. healthcare system from other industrialized nations?

    <p>It does not guarantee minimum basic healthcare to all.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of policy involves the government using its ability to tax and spend to stabilize the economy?

    <p>Fiscal policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes progressive taxes?

    <p>Taxes that increase as a person’s income increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does structural defense policy focus on?

    <p>Defense spending and military bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Department of State in foreign policy?

    <p>To oversee diplomatic relations and international issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes regressive taxes?

    <p>They apply equally to everyone regardless of income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which policy is primarily concerned with emergency threats to national interests?

    <p>Crisis policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which economic policy refers to the strategies employed by the government to address economic issues?

    <p>Economic policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of policy lays out the basic U.S. stance toward another country?

    <p>Strategic policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of social welfare policies require beneficiaries to demonstrate low income?

    <p>Redistributive programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major change did Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) introduce compared to Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)?

    <p>It set time limits and required work for benefits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reason why redistributive programs are often criticized?

    <p>They seem to penalize those who can provide for themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a middle-class welfare policy?

    <p>Tax credits for electric vehicle purchases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does means testing in welfare programs refer to?

    <p>Evaluating income to qualify for assistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which program is designed specifically to provide cash benefits to low-income individuals?

    <p>Temporary Assistance to Needy Families</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common contention regarding subsidies provided by the government?

    <p>They are given at the taxpayer's expense and beneficiaries are often contested.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a primary criticism of the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program?

    <p>It set no time limits for welfare assistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary concern regarding government solutions to public problems?

    <p>They can create new problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of policy aims to redistribute resources in society to benefit low-income groups?

    <p>Redistributive Policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of distributive policies?

    <p>To provide targeted support for public gain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of regulatory policies?

    <p>They aim to manage common resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Social welfare policies are primarily aimed at which of the following?

    <p>Providing for those unable to provide for themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One drawback of government solutions mentioned is their tendency to:

    <p>Choose specific beneficiaries unfairly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential problem with government approaches to public issues?

    <p>They tend to broaden government responsibilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the Defense Department play in the U.S. government?

    <p>Oversees the armed forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must the President obtain before committing troops overseas?

    <p>A declaration of war or specific authorization from Congress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one consequence if the President initiates hostilities without a declaration of war?

    <p>The hostilities must be terminated within 60 days unless authorized by Congress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the War Powers Resolution of 1973 aim to do?

    <p>Limit the President’s ability to commit troops without Congress's consent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which foreign policy perspective argues against international intervention?

    <p>Isolationism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which view holds that the U.S. should actively shape the global environment?

    <p>Liberal Internationalism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary duty of the Department of Homeland Security?

    <p>To protect U.S. territory from various threats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if Congress does not authorize military action within 60 days?

    <p>Military action must cease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Public Policy Overview

    • Public policy involves government actions aimed at addressing public problems.
    • Government solutions can be costly, potentially resulting in increased government scope and new issues.
    • Complex problems may not have straightforward governmental solutions, leading to "winners" and "losers."

    Types of Policy

    • Redistributive Policy: Aims to redistribute resources to ensure basic living standards for low-income groups (e.g., welfare programs like TANF and Medicaid).
    • Distributive Policy: Provides targeted support to specific groups, contributing to broader public benefits (e.g., college grants, tax credits).
    • Regulatory Policy: Focuses on controlling and protecting common resources for public benefit (e.g., pollution regulations).

    Social Welfare Policies

    • Social welfare policies help improve life quality for those unable to support themselves, typically means-tested for low-income qualification.
    • Examples include TANF (cash support), SNAP (food vouchers), Medicaid (healthcare), and housing assistance.
    • Criticism arises from the redistributive nature, argued to penalize self-sufficient individuals.

    Evolution of Welfare State

    • AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) initiated in the 1930s aimed to support poor families but lacked work requirements, criticized for creating dependency.
    • TANF replaced AFDC in the 1990s under the Clinton Administration, introducing work requirements and state-controlled block grants, limiting federal welfare payments.

    Welfare for the Wealthy

    • Middle-class welfare often includes subsidies like tax credits for electric vehicles and support for homeowners, generating controversy over taxpayer expense and beneficiary fairness.

    Social Insurance Policies

    • Social insurance provides long-term benefits to specific segments, contingent upon contributions, constituting an entitlement to benefits.
    • Key examples include Social Security (retirement benefits) and Medicare (healthcare for the elderly), facing concerns over revenue inadequacy.

    Healthcare Policy

    • Health care policies set the framework for a country's health coverage decisions, aiming to ensure access for all demographics.
    • Established programs include Medicaid (for low-income individuals) and Medicare (for the elderly), along with the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) aimed at low-income, non-Medicaid eligible citizens.

    Obamacare Controversy

    • The U.S. is unique among industrialized nations for lacking a universal healthcare system.
    • Obamacare expanded coverage with the controversial individual mandate, which required coverage proof or penalties; this mandate was repealed in 2017.

    Economic Policy

    • Economic policy encompasses strategies to address economic issues, including tax policy (collective cost contributions), fiscal policy (government spending and taxation control), and monetary policy (money supply manipulation).
    • Progressive taxes increase with income, while regressive taxes apply equally regardless of income.

    Foreign Policy

    • U.S. foreign policy aims to address international issues, including crisis and strategic policies, reflecting attitudes toward threats like China and Russia.
    • The president significantly influences foreign policy agenda through bureaucratic control (e.g., Department of State, Defense Department, and Department of Homeland Security).

    War Powers and Legislative Limits

    • The president holds Commander in Chief authority but requires congressional approval for war declarations.
    • The War Powers Resolution of 1973 limits presidential troop commitments without Congressional authorization, aiming to prevent unilateral military action.

    Foreign Policy Perspectives

    • Isolationism advocates prioritizing U.S. issues without interference in global affairs.
    • Liberal Internationalism supports active U.S. engagement and intervention to shape global harmony and security.

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    Related Documents

    PP Lecture 7.pdf

    Description

    This quiz covers an overview of public policy, including its significance in addressing public issues and the complexities involved. It further delves into various types of policies such as redistributive, distributive, and regulatory policies, with specific examples of social welfare initiatives.

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