Psychopathology Quiz

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of a conception of psychopathology?

To classify disorders based on genetic factors

To determine which human experiences are considered psychopathological (correct)

To explain the causes of psychological disorders

To eliminate subjectivity in psychological diagnoses

Which of the following conceptions of psychopathology is based on determining statistical abnormality?

Statistical deviance (correct)

Dysregulation

Harmful dysfunction

Social deviance

A key problem with the statistical deviance conception of psychopathology is that:

It considers only one side of deviation as problematic. (correct)

It completely eliminates subjectivity

It does not allow for scientific measurement.

It focuses solely on biological factors.

Which of the following is a benefit of defining psychopathology as maladaptive (dysfunctional) behavior?

It aligns with laypeople's use terms like"disorder" and "illness." (A) Signup and view all the answers

The distress and disability conception of psychopathology primarily focuses on:

The presence of unwanted feelings and impairments in life functioning (B) Signup and view all the answers

A major drawback of defining psychopathology as social deviance is:

It relies on social and cultural norms, which can be subjective (C) Signup and view all the answers

The concept of "dyscontrol" or "dysregulation" in psychopathology suggests that:

Mental disorders are only those that involve loss of control over thoughts, feelings, or behaviors (B) Signup and view all the answers

Wakefield's concept of "Harmful Dysfunction" in psychopathology requires which two criteria?

A behavior that is harmful and caused by psychological dysfunction (C) Signup and view all the answers

The DSM definition of mental disorder emphasizes that:

Social deviance alone does not constitute a mental disorder (C) Signup and view all the answers

The social constructionist perspective on psychopathology suggests that:

Reality is shaped how a culture interprets and makes sense of mental health (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to Wakefield's Harmful Dysfunction model, which of the following is NOT a necessary criterion for defining psychopathology?

The disorder must be objectively measurable through statistical means (A) Signup and view all the answers

One major critique of conceptualizing psychopathology as statistical deviance is that:

It fails to account for the subjectivity of mental illness experiences (D) Signup and view all the answers

The conception of psychopathology as maladaptive behavior differs from statistical deviance in that:

It considers the functional effectiveness of behavior rather than its rarity (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the distress and disability model of psychopathology sometimes inadequate for classifying all mental disorders?

Some individuals with severe psychopathology do not experience personal distress (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conceptions of psychopathology is most directly related to the impact of societal norms and cultural expectations?

Social deviance (C) Signup and view all the answers

From a social constructionist perspective, the definition of mental disorders is problematic because:

It is influenced by shifting cultural values rather than fixed scientific criteria (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the DSM-5, a key distinction between normal responses to stress and a mental disorder is that the latter must involve:

A clinically significant disturbance in cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior (D) Signup and view all the answers

How does the dimensional model of psychopathology differ from the categorical model used in the DSM and ICD?

It treats psychological disorders as existing on a continuum rather than discrete categories (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best explains why the DSM and ICD have different diagnostic systems?

The ICD is internationally governed, while the DSM is developed primarily in the U.S. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary innovation of DSM-III?

It introduced specific diagnostic criteria for disorders (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why was paraphiliac rapism removed from DSM-III-R?

It was deemed to reinforce gender biases and legal loopholes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was one major criticism of DSM-5 compared to previous editions?

It included disorders with limited empirical validation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What key difference did DSM-IV introduce compared to DSM-III?

It incorporated systematic literature reviews to guide decisions (D) Signup and view all the answers

The main limitation of the DSM's categorical approach is that

It does not accommodate the spectrum of psychological symptoms (D) Signup and view all the answers

The biggest ethical concern about expanding DSM criteria is:

Overpathologizing normal behavior (D) Signup and view all the answers

A fundamental issue with DSM-5's field trials was:

They focused on feasibility rather than empirical validation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key problem with the DSM's reliance on a medical model?

It assumes all mental disorders have a biological cause (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would best describe the shift toward a dimensional model in DSM-5?

The introduction of autism spectrum disorder as a continuum (A) Signup and view all the answers

The primary goal of psychological assessment is to:

Improve clinical decision-making and treatment outcomes (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which form of reliability is most critical for ensuring consistent clinical diagnoses across practitioners?

Interrater reliability (C) Signup and view all the answers

If a test has high reliability but low validity, this means:

The test is consistent but does not measure what it claims to (C) Signup and view all the answers

Incremental validity refers to:

A test providing unique information beyond existing assessments (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which form of bias is most likely to affect clinical decision-making?

Confirmatory bias (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why are structured interviews generally more valid than unstructured ones?

They ensure standardized diagnostic criteria are applied (C) Signup and view all the answers

Signal detection theory in psychological assessment is useful for:

Measuring the likelihood of false positives and false negatives in diagnosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are self-report inventories sometimes problematic for assessing psychopathology?

Clients may intentionally overreport or underreport symptoms (A) Signup and view all the answers

One major issue with projective techniques like the Rorschach test is:

They lack strong empirical support for their reliability and validity (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason experienced clinicians do not always improve their diagnostic accuracy over time?

They receive vague and ambiguous feedback on their judgments (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following arguments supports the idea that psychopathology is best understood through an essentialist rather than a social constructionist framework?

Mental disorders have universal biological and psychological underpinnings (D) Signup and view all the answers

One limitation of using social deviance as a criterion for defining psychopathology is that:

It fails to distinguish between harmful behaviors and harmless unconventionality (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Multiple Choice Quiz Questions and Answers

Question 1: What is the primary goal of a conception of psychopathology?
- To determine which human experiences are considered psychopathological.
Question 2: Which conception of psychopathology is based on determining statistical abnormality?
- Statistical deviance.
Question 3: What is a key problem with the statistical deviance conception of psychopathology?
- It considers only one side of deviation as problematic.
Question 4: What is a benefit of defining psychopathology as maladaptive behavior?
- It aligns with how laypeople use terms like "disorder" and "illness."
Question 5: What is the primary focus of the distress and disability conception of psychopathology?
- The presence of unwanted feelings and impairments in life functioning.
Question 6: What is a major drawback of defining psychopathology as social deviance?
- It does not consider cultural differences.
Question 7: What does the concept of "dyscontrol" or "dysregulation" suggest?
- Mental disorders are only those that involve a loss of control over thoughts, feelings, or behaviors.
Question 8: What does Wakefield's concept of "Harmful Dysfunction" require?
- A behavior that is harmful and caused by psychological dysfunction, plus a statistical abnormality .
Question 9: What does the DSM definition of mental disorder emphasize?
- Social deviance alone does not constitute a mental disorder.
Question 10: What does the social constructionist perspective on psychopathology suggest?
- Reality is shaped by how a culture interprets mental health.
Question 11: According to Wakefield's Harmful Dysfunction model, which of the following is NOT a necessary criterion?
- The disorder must be objectively measurable through statistical means.
Question 12: What is a major critique of conceptualizing psychopathology as statistical deviance?
- It fails to account for the subjectivity of mental illness experiences.
Question 13: How does the conception of psychopathology as maladaptive behavior differ from statistical deviance?
- It considers the functional effectiveness of behavior, rather than its rarity.
Question 14: Which conception of psychopathology is most related to cultural expectations?
- Social deviance.
Question 15: Why is the definition of mental disorders problematic from a social constructionist perspective?
- It overlooks the biological and psychological origins of mental illness.
Question 16: What must a mental disorder involve in the DSM-5?
- A clinically significant disturbance in cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.
Question 17: How does the dimensional model of psychopathology differ from the categorical model?
- It treats psychological disorders as existing on a continuum rather than discrete categories.
Question 18: Why do the DSM and ICD have different diagnostic systems?
- The ICD is internationally governed, whereas the DSM is primarily developed in the U.S.
Question 19: What was a primary innovation of DSM-III?
- It introduced specific diagnostic criteria for disorders.
Question 20: Why was paraphilic rapism removed from DSM-III-R?
- It was deemed to reinforce gender biases and legal loopholes.
Question 21: What is a major criticism of DSM-5 compared to previous editions?
- Excessive reliance on categorical classification.
Question 22: What key difference did DSM-IV introduce compared to DSM-III?
- It emphasized a dimensional approach to diagnosis.
Question 23: What is the main limitation of the DSM's categorical approach?
- It does not accommodate the spectrum of psychological symptoms.
Question 24: What is the biggest ethical concern about expanding DSM criteria?
- Overpathologizing normal behavior.
Question 25: What was a fundamental issue with DSM-5's field trials?
- They focused on feasibility rather than empirical validation.
Question 26: What is a key problem with the DSM's reliance on a medical model?
- It assumes all mental disorders have a biological cause.
Question 27: Which best describes the shift toward a dimensional model in DSM-5?
- The introduction of autism spectrum disorder as a continuum.
Question 28: What's the primary goal of psychological assessment?
- Improving clinical decision-making and treatment outcomes.
Question 29: Which form of reliability is crucial for consistent clinical diagnoses?
- Interrater reliability.
Question 30: If a test has high reliability but low validity, what does this mean?
- The test is consistent but doesn't measure what it claims to.
Question 31: What is incremental validity?
- A test providing unique information beyond existing assessments.
Question 32: Which form of bias most affects clinical decision-making?
- Confirmatory bias.
Question 33: Why are structured interviews generally more valid?
- They ensure standardized diagnostic criteria are applied.
Question 34: What is signal detection theory useful for in psychological assessment?
- Measuring the likelihood of false positives and false negatives in diagnosis.
Question 35: Why are self-report inventories problematic for assessing psychopathology?
- Clients may intentionally over-report or under-report symptoms.
Question 36: What is a major issue with projective techniques?
- Lack of strong empirical support for reliability and validity.
Question 37: What is the main reason experienced clinicians might not show improved accuracy over time?
- They rely too much on standardized tests.
Question 38: Which argument supports the idea that psychopathology is best understood through an essentialist rather than a social constructionist framework?
- Mental disorders have universal biological and psychological underpinnings.
Question 39: What is a limitation of using social deviance as a criterion for defining psychopathology?
- It fails to distinguish between harmful behaviors and harmless unconventionality.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the various conceptions of psychopathology. This quiz covers key definitions, benefits, and drawbacks of different perspectives on mental disorders. Perfect for psychology students and enthusiasts alike!