Understanding Mental Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What is primarily assessed during client responses in the diagnostic process?

Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors (correct)

Physical health conditions

Family history of mental illness

Societal influences on behavior

What is the purpose of the SCID-5 in clinical assessments?

To administer psychological tests

To conduct therapy sessions

To evaluate symptoms and sort them into diagnosis categories (correct)

To provide medication recommendations

Which of the following is an example of a syndrome that may be matched to symptoms during diagnosis?

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Social Phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder) (correct)

Somatic Symptom Disorder

What critique has been raised regarding the DSM-5?

It includes too many syndromes, making it too broad. Signup and view all the answers

Which approach emphasizes the interaction between the individual and their environment in understanding mental disorders?

Biopsychosocial Model Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT considered when diagnosing a mental disorder according to the criteria mentioned?

Voluntary choice to engage in a behavior Signup and view all the answers

How are diagnoses in the DSM-5 aligned with client symptoms?

By matching clusters of symptoms to syndrome categories Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior exemplifies a choice not linked to mental disorder criteria?

Hunger strike Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of the DSM-5's approach to diagnosing mental disorders?

Classifying based on observable symptoms Signup and view all the answers

According to the DSM-5, which condition must be met for a syndrome to qualify as a mental disorder?

Clinically significant detriment originating from an internal source Signup and view all the answers

What does the multi-axial system in the DSM-5 imply about patient diagnosis?

Various factors affecting mental health are considered Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes what is meant by 'symptom' in the context of mental disorders?

An indicator of a potential mental disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which year marked the publication of the first DSM edition?

1952 Signup and view all the answers

What is a criticism often levied against the DSM-5?

It may create too many labels for mental disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'syndrome' in the context of mental health?

A constellation of interrelated symptoms from an individual Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following aspects should a diagnosis interfere with to qualify as a mental disorder?

Work, social relations, or self-care Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a criticism of the DSM-5 regarding its diagnostic criteria?

It leads to unnecessary medicalization of normal behavior. Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical syndrome includes disorders such as PTSD?

Trauma and stressor related disorders Signup and view all the answers

How has the DSM-5 changed the classification of schizophrenia compared to previous editions?

It removed the subtypes previously used such as paranoia. Signup and view all the answers

Under which category would you find disorders like anorexia and bulimia?

Feeding and eating disorders Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a common concern about the breadth of DSM-5 diagnoses?

It may pathologize normal behaviors and emotions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a major distinction made in the DSM-5 regarding gender dysphoria?

It has been separated from sexual disorders to highlight its symptoms. Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is classified as a neurodevelopmental disorder in the DSM-5?

Autism spectrum disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which of these disorders is NOT classified under mood disorders?

Social anxiety Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Mental Disorders

Psychopathology is a sickness/disorder of the mind
One in four Americans over 18 has a diagnosable mental disorder in a year
1 in 5 American adults receives treatment over a two-year period
Nearly 1 in 2 people will have a form of mental disorder at some point in life
Mood disorders, impulse control disorders, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse are examples of mental disorders.
7% of the US population suffers from seriously severe mental disorders
Women are more likely to suffer from mood and anxiety disorders
Men are more likely to suffer from antisocial personality disorder and autism
Depression is more common in women; this may be due to social roles, coping styles or differences in experience or diagnosis
Mental illness is common in life and varies in severity; many people experience symptoms
Behaviors that could be part of life vary; behaviors that show a mental disorder differ depending on context
Some cultures view behaviors differently
In some cases, behaviors are adaptive, but can become maladaptive if they cannot be stopped. This interferes with a person's life.

Diagnosis of Mental Disorders

Symptoms must interfere with aspects of a person's life (eg., work, social relations, self care)
DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, updated as TR) is the guide for diagnosing mental disorders
Early versions focused on the causes of mental disorders, but DSM-III shifted to classifying based on observable symptoms.
A patient's diagnosis goes beyond a label; factors on different levels affect mental health
The DSM-5 regards mental disorders as analogous to medical diseases; it borrows the terms 'symptom' and 'syndrome' from medicine
A symptom is a person's thought, action or feeling that suggests a mental disorder
A syndrome is a collection of interrelated symptoms that occur together in a person
Three criteria for a disorder: clinically significant detriment, internal origin, and involuntary control

The Diagnostic Process

Clinicians gather information from the client about symptoms, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
The SCID-5 (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5) is used to evaluate and sort symptoms into potential diagnoses
Symptoms are matched to syndromes in the DSM-5
19 clinical syndromes are classified as follows:

Some Specific Syndromes

Neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., intellectual disability, autism)
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, delusional disorder)
Bipolar and related disorders (e.g., bipolar disorder)
Depressive disorders (e.g., major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder)
Anxiety disorders (e.g., panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, agoraphobia)
Obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD)
Trauma- and stressor-related disorders (PTSD)
Dissociative disorders (dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue)
Somatic symptom disorders (conversion disorder, somatic symptom disorder)
Feeding and eating disorders (anorexia, bulimia)
Sleep disorders (insomnia, narcolepsy)
Sexual dysfunctions
Gender dysphoria
Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders (antisocial personality disorder, conduct disorder)
Substance abuse and addictive disorders
Neurocognitive disorders (dementia, delirium)
Personality disorders
Paraphilic disorders.

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Description

This quiz explores key concepts and statistics related to mental disorders, including their prevalence and types. It covers important information on how mental illness affects different demographics and the various classifications of these disorders. Test your knowledge on psychopathology and its impact on society.