Psychology Research Process and Methods
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Questions and Answers

What type of reasoning starts with an observation that leads to a theory?

  • Inductive reasoning (correct)
  • Deductive reasoning
  • Statistical reasoning
  • Hypothetical deductive reasoning
  • Which research method is focused on observing the existence of a relationship between variables?

  • Longitudinal study
  • Experiment
  • Case study
  • Correlational study (correct)
  • What type of reasoning starts with a theory and leads to predictions?

  • Hypothetical deductive reasoning
  • Inductive reasoning
  • Deductive reasoning (correct)
  • Causal reasoning
  • Which type of research method is advantageous when the behavior being studied is rare and detailed information is needed?

    <p>Case study (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of hypothetical deductive reasoning?

    <p>To test hypotheses based on theories (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When choosing a sample for a study, what is the term used for selecting a sample that does not represent the population accurately?

    <p>Sampling bias (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pituitary gland in the endocrine system?

    <p>Controlling the production of hormones like growth hormones and regulating metabolism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain structure is associated with learning, memory, and emotions?

    <p>Hippocampus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of the amygdala in relation to stimuli that induce fear?

    <p>Recognizing, learning about, and responding to fear-inducing stimuli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the basal ganglia in the brain?

    <p>Cognitive flexibility and voluntary movement control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain structure plays a central role in controlling the autonomic nervous system and maintaining equilibrium?

    <p>Hypothalamus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does muscle memory impact activities like playing an instrument or engaging in sports?

    <p>Facilitates easier voluntary movement control without conscious thought (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the research process according to the text?

    <p>Identify questions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which variable in an experiment is manipulated by the researcher?

    <p>Independent variable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of building a theory in the research process?

    <p>To provide an overarching explanation for the observed phenomena (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dependent variable in the example given of alcohol consumption and reaction time?

    <p>Reaction time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do scientists approach proving hypotheses according to the text?

    <p>By coming up with a hypothesis and testing it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of operational definitions in psychological research?

    <p>Determining how variables will be measured (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitter is associated with regulating mood, appetite, and sleep?

    <p>Dopamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is linked to the treatment of fear, phobias, and depression using Ketamine?

    <p>Glutamate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when there are excessive levels of norepinephrine in the body?

    <p>Anxiety (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is crucial for the formation of new memories?

    <p>Glutamate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the blood-brain barrier (BBB) primarily regulate?

    <p>Glucose levels and necessary proteins for the CNS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of brain injury involves infections, toxins, and tumours?

    <p>Acquired brain injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of test involves interpreting ambiguous shapes to reveal underlying personality characteristics?

    <p>Projective tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about trait theories according to the text?

    <p>Traits are constant across different situations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which foundation is highlighted as more important for personality?

    <p>Genes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain region is associated with fear and avoidance behaviors?

    <p>Amygdala (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of personality theories, what does situationism emphasize?

    <p>Situations influence behavior more than internal traits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of test involves questionnaires like MMPI and NEO for assessing personality?

    <p>Personality inventories (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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