16 Questions
What is a common misconception about defining abnormality?
Experts agree on a single definition of abnormality
What is the primary concern of a scientist-practitioner in the field of psychology?
To understand the nature of psychological disorders, their causes, and their treatment
What is the primary goal of a psychoanalytic therapist during the initial therapy sessions?
To foster a transference relationship with the client
What should a psychometrician do when they recognize an applicant's face and know they have a psychological disorder?
Tell the HR officer to conduct a thorough background check of the applicant
What is the term for the study of the measurement of psychological attributes?
Psychometrics
What is a key indicator of abnormality in a social context?
Violation of standards of society
What is the primary role of a practitioner-scientist in psychology?
To understand the nature of psychological disorders, their causes, and their treatment
What is the primary concern of a mental health professional in psychology?
To provide mental health services to clients
What is the primary focus of psychoanalysis in understanding disorders?
Identification of underlying intrapsychic conflict
What is the term for the phenomenon where the reduction of symptoms leads to the emergence of new symptoms?
Symptom substitution
Which disorder is responsible for the largest global burden?
Depression
What is the relationship between illness anxiety disorder and panic attacks?
Both B and C
What model suggests that Drogon may have inherited tendencies for depression that were activated by the death of his mother?
Diathesis-Stress Model
Whose mental health was most affected during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines?
Young people
What procedure was used by researchers to study stress reactivity and how it is passed through generations?
Cross-fostering procedure
What is the term for experiments done with animals where findings are expected to be generalized to humans?
Analogue studies
Study Notes
Abnormality
- Abnormality is defined as a behavior that deviates from the norm
- There is no single behavior that makes someone abnormal
- Experts do not agree on a single definition of abnormality
Indicators of Abnormality
- Statistical deviancy: one indicator of abnormality
- Violation of standards of society: another indicator of abnormality
- Social discomfort: a situation where someone's behavior causes discomfort to others, can be an indicator of abnormality
Mental Health Professionals
- A psychiatrist who uses scientific methods to learn about psychological disorders is also called a practitioner-scientist or scientist-practitioner
- A psychometrician is a mental health professional who designs and administers tests to measure mental health and psychological disorders
Psychoanalysis
- The blank screen approach is used by psychoanalytic therapists to foster a transference relationship, where clients make projections onto the therapist
- Psychoanalysis pays attention to underlying intrapsychic conflict that might be responsible for the disorder, rather than focusing on reduction of symptoms
- Symptom substitution: a phenomenon where reducing symptoms of one disorder may lead to the emergence of new symptoms
Mental Health Disorders
- Depression accounts for the biggest global burden
- Illness anxiety disorder: individuals with this disorder may experience panic attacks that are triggered by their illness concerns
- Symptom scaffolding: not a real phenomenon, symptom substitution is the correct term
Developmental Psychopathology
- The Diathesis-Stress Model: suggests that individuals may have inherited tendencies for depression that are activated by environmental stressors
Mental Health and the COVID-19 Pandemic
- Young people and adults were mostly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines
Research Methods
- Cross-fostering procedure: a research method used to study stress reactivity and how it is passed through generations, where a rat pup is assigned to a different mother for rearing
- Analogue studies: experiments done with animals to understand psychological mechanisms in humans
Research Myths
- The patient uniformity myth: a myth that leads researchers to make inaccurate generalizations about disorders and their treatments
Mental Health Advocacy
- The mental hygiene movement: a mental health advocacy that focused on physical well-being of hospitalized patients, grew in America through the efforts of Dorothea Dix
Test your understanding of abnormality and behavior in psychology with these questions. Identify the correct definition of abnormality and recognize abnormal behavior in a social scenario.
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