Psychology Module 5: Conditioned Stimuli

Questions and Answers

Who is known as the father of classical conditioning?

Ivan Pavlov (correct)

John Watson

B.F. Skinner

Sigmund Freud

What is classical conditioning?

One form of learning in which an organism learns through establishing associations between different events and stimuli.

What is an unconditioned stimulus?

A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response.

What is an unconditioned response?

The unlearned, naturally occurring response to the unconditioned stimulus. Signup and view all the answers

What is a conditioned stimulus?

A formerly neutral stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to produce a conditioned response. Signup and view all the answers

What is a neutral stimulus?

A stimulus which at first elicits no response but, when paired with the unconditioned stimulus, can eventually elicit a response. Signup and view all the answers

What is a conditioned response?

The learned response to a conditioned stimulus. Signup and view all the answers

What does stimulus generalization refer to?

The idea that the effects of conditioning can spread to stimuli that differ in ways from the stimulus that was present during the initial conditioning. Signup and view all the answers

What is stimulus discrimination?

The ability to tell the difference between different stimuli. Signup and view all the answers

What is extinction in classical conditioning?

The gradual decline in the conditioned response achieved by presenting the conditioned stimulus alone or by presenting the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus separately. Signup and view all the answers

What is spontaneous recovery?

Following extinction, the sudden, unplanned reappearance of the conditioned response. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classical Conditioning Concepts

Ivan Pavlov is recognized as the Father of Classical Conditioning.
Classical Conditioning involves learning through associations between events and stimuli, resulting in behavioral changes.

Key Terms in Classical Conditioning

Unconditioned Stimulus (US): A stimulus that naturally triggers an unlearned response without prior conditioning.
Unconditioned Response (UR): The automatic response that occurs when an unconditioned stimulus is presented.
Conditioned Stimulus (CS): A previously neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, starts to evoke a conditioned response.
Neutral Stimulus (NS): A stimulus that does not initially elicit any response until it is associated with the unconditioned stimulus.

Responses and Processes

Conditioned Response (CR): The learned response that occurs in reaction to the conditioned stimulus after conditioning.

Conditioning Dynamics

Stimulus Generalization: The phenomenon where responses are triggered by stimuli that are similar but not identical to the conditioned stimulus.
Stimulus Discrimination: The process that enables organisms to differentiate between similar stimuli and respond only to the conditioned stimulus.

Conditioning Outcomes

Extinction: The reduction of the conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus, leading to a dissociation between the two.
Spontaneous Recovery: The unexpected re-emergence of a conditioned response after a period of extinction, demonstrating that learning is maintained even when the response is no longer reinforced.

Description

Test your knowledge on classical conditioning with this quiz focused on key terms and definitions from Module 5. Explore concepts such as Pavlov's work, unconditioned stimuli, and the principles of learning through associations.