Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is controlled processing?
What is controlled processing?
What type of waves are present during awake and alert states?
What type of waves are present during awake and alert states?
What characterizes stage 2 sleep?
What characterizes stage 2 sleep?
Which of the following statements about the circadian rhythm is true?
Which of the following statements about the circadian rhythm is true?
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How much sleep do humans generally need each night?
How much sleep do humans generally need each night?
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What happens to the amount of REM sleep if a person is deprived of it?
What happens to the amount of REM sleep if a person is deprived of it?
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the stages of sleep?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the stages of sleep?
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What is the primary function of melatonin in the body?
What is the primary function of melatonin in the body?
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Study Notes
Consciousness and Experience
- Consciousness is the personal experience of the world, body, thoughts, and moments.
Cognitive Processing
- Controlled processing requires effort and attention (e.g., writing an essay).
- Automatic processing requires little to no thought (e.g., brushing teeth).
- Divided attention involves performing multiple activities simultaneously. Difficult if tasks demand similar cognitive resources (e.g., listening to music while studying).
Sleep and the Circadian Rhythm
- Humans need 7-10 hours of sleep nightly, though individual needs vary.
- Circadian rhythm are repeated bodily changes every 24 hours, regulated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN).
- The SCN is in the hypothalamus, acting as the body's biological clock.
- The pineal gland secretes melatonin affecting the sleep-wake cycle.
Stages of Sleep
- Awake and Alert: Beta waves (over 13 Hz)
- Calm Wakefulness: Alpha waves (8-12 Hz)
- Stage 1 Sleep: Theta waves (4-7 Hz), myoclonic jerks, hypnagogic imagery.
- Stage 2 Sleep: Sleep spindles, K-complexes.
- Stages 3 & 4 Sleep (Deep Sleep): Delta waves (1-2 Hz). Stage 3 < 50% delta waves, stage 4 >50% delta waves. Time spent in these stages decreases with age.
- Stage 5 (REM Sleep): Rapid eye movement (REM), high brain activity, vivid dreaming. About 20% of sleep is REM. REM deprivation results in increased REM time the following night.
- NREM sleep refers to Stages 1-4 of sleep.
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Description
Explore the concepts of consciousness, cognitive processing, and the importance of sleep in this psychology chapter quiz. Gain insights into controlled and automatic processing, as well as the stages and rhythms of sleep regulated by the body's biological clock.
