Podcast
Questions and Answers
What sensory behavior might indicate a high tolerance for pain?
What sensory behavior might indicate a high tolerance for pain?
- Uses repetitive hand movements
- Has aversions to certain textures
- Repetitively puts hands over ears
- Has high tolerance for pain (correct)
Which behavior is indicative of an atypical focus on sensory input?
Which behavior is indicative of an atypical focus on sensory input?
- Engages in nonfunctional play with objects
- Lines up toys or objects
- Looks at objects or people out of the corner of the eye
- Explores sensory aspects of toys and objects (correct)
Which behavior is NOT typically associated with sensory input differences?
Which behavior is NOT typically associated with sensory input differences?
- Has normal sensitivity to sounds (correct)
- Tends to engage in repetitive hand movements
- Looks at objects with visual fascination
- Squints eyes while looking at objects
What might indicate an insistence on sameness?
What might indicate an insistence on sameness?
What is a common behavior observed in individuals with sensory processing differences?
What is a common behavior observed in individuals with sensory processing differences?
Why is it important to limit screen time for children during meals?
Why is it important to limit screen time for children during meals?
What is one suggested practice to help children improve their eating behavior?
What is one suggested practice to help children improve their eating behavior?
In what scenario is it recommended to have therapy meals or snacks?
In what scenario is it recommended to have therapy meals or snacks?
What should caregivers avoid doing when feeding a client?
What should caregivers avoid doing when feeding a client?
What role does family mealtime play in children's eating habits?
What role does family mealtime play in children's eating habits?
What is a key characteristic of hyperactive impulsive behavior?
What is a key characteristic of hyperactive impulsive behavior?
Which of the following describes the sensory processing issues faced by individuals with hyperactive impulsivity?
Which of the following describes the sensory processing issues faced by individuals with hyperactive impulsivity?
How can hyperactive impulsive behavior manifest during classroom activities?
How can hyperactive impulsive behavior manifest during classroom activities?
What might an individual with hyperactive impulsiveness struggle with when interacting with peers?
What might an individual with hyperactive impulsiveness struggle with when interacting with peers?
Which quadrant in the sensory profile indicates a high threshold for sensory input?
Which quadrant in the sensory profile indicates a high threshold for sensory input?
What behavior is commonly seen in hyperactive impulsive individuals that affects how they respond to classroom stimuli?
What behavior is commonly seen in hyperactive impulsive individuals that affects how they respond to classroom stimuli?
How does the impulsivity of hyperactive individuals affect their task completion?
How does the impulsivity of hyperactive individuals affect their task completion?
What type of approach do individuals with a low neurological threshold typically exhibit?
What type of approach do individuals with a low neurological threshold typically exhibit?
What significant change was made regarding the classification of disorders in DSM V?
What significant change was made regarding the classification of disorders in DSM V?
Which of the following is a characteristic behavior of individuals with ASD?
Which of the following is a characteristic behavior of individuals with ASD?
How has the conceptualization of disorders resulting from general medical conditions changed in DSM V?
How has the conceptualization of disorders resulting from general medical conditions changed in DSM V?
Which behavior reflects nonverbal communicative deficits in individuals with ASD?
Which behavior reflects nonverbal communicative deficits in individuals with ASD?
What is a primary focus for occupational therapy (OT) regarding children with ASD?
What is a primary focus for occupational therapy (OT) regarding children with ASD?
What is a noted difficulty in verbal communication within individuals with ASD?
What is a noted difficulty in verbal communication within individuals with ASD?
In the context of ASD, what does inflexibility often correlate with?
In the context of ASD, what does inflexibility often correlate with?
Which of the following behaviors would typically not be seen in someone with ASD?
Which of the following behaviors would typically not be seen in someone with ASD?
What are common issues faced by children with ASD in terms of their occupations?
What are common issues faced by children with ASD in terms of their occupations?
Which intervention is specifically tailored to address sensory concerns in children with ASD?
Which intervention is specifically tailored to address sensory concerns in children with ASD?
What do behavioral modification techniques emphasize for children with ASD?
What do behavioral modification techniques emphasize for children with ASD?
Why do children with ASD require multiple sessions and evaluations for feeding interventions?
Why do children with ASD require multiple sessions and evaluations for feeding interventions?
What is a common outcome of delayed development and sensory concerns in children with ASD?
What is a common outcome of delayed development and sensory concerns in children with ASD?
Which type of intervention focuses on joint attention for children with ASD?
Which type of intervention focuses on joint attention for children with ASD?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of children with ASD as mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of children with ASD as mentioned?
What factor should be considered when planning interventions for children with ASD?
What factor should be considered when planning interventions for children with ASD?
Which area is likely to be severely impacted by sensory processing issues in children with ASD?
Which area is likely to be severely impacted by sensory processing issues in children with ASD?
How does functional cognition relate to children with ASD?
How does functional cognition relate to children with ASD?
Study Notes
DSM-V Changes
- The DSM-V eliminated the multiaxial system used in previous versions.
- The categorical system of classification was also removed in the DSM-V.
- The Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score was removed.
- The DSM-V reorganized the classification of disorders.
- The DSM-V changed the way disorders resulting from general medical conditions are conceptualized.
Nonverbal Communicative Behaviors
- Individuals with ASD often exhibit poorly integrated verbal and nonverbal communication.
- Abnormalities in eye contact and body language may also be present.
- Deficits in understanding and using gestures, and a lack of facial expressions, can be seen.
Insistence on Sameness
- Individuals with ASD demonstrate inflexible adherence to routines, ritualized patterns of verbal or nonverbal behavior, and a strong need for sameness.
Sensory Processing
- Sensory processing issues are common in ASD and manifest in a range of ways, including aversions to certain textures, sensitivity to sounds or light, persistent sensory focus, and atypical responses to sensory input.
- The body's sensory processing can be divided into two continua: self-regulation, which involves passive and active approaches; and neurological threshold, which ranges from high to low threshold. These continua lead to four quadrants: Registration, Seeking, Sensitivity, and Low Registration.
Hyperactive Impulsive
- Hyperactive impulsive behaviors are often observed in individuals with ASD.
- These behaviors include: acting without thinking, exhibiting a "on the go" demeanor, blurting out answers, difficulty staying seated, and difficulty waiting for their turn.
Sensory Profile Quadrants
- Registration: Individuals with low registration need additional sensory input to respond to stimuli but take a passive approach.
- Seeking: Individuals with seeking behaviors need additional sensory input to respond but actively seek stimuli.
- Sensitivity: Individuals with sensitivity respond readily to low-threshold stimuli but do not actively avoid them.
- Low Registration: Individuals with low registration need additional sensory input but tend to avoid stimuli.
Interventions for Occupations
- Interventions for individuals with ASD should address all areas of occupation due to the varied presentation of symptoms.
- Occupational therapy interventions often address sensory issues, motor skills, functional cognition, restricted and repetitive behaviors, and regulation skills.
Sensory-Based Interventions
- Sensory-based interventions aim to address sensory concerns in individuals with ASD.
Joint Attention
- Joint attention is crucial for individuals with ASD, as it is a fundamental skill for social interaction.
Social Learning
- Interventions must include social learning strategies to improve social skills, interactions, and understanding.
Environmental Modifications
- Environmental modifications can enhance the individual's ability to participate in daily activities by reducing sensory overload or promoting structure and routine.
Behavioral Interventions
- Behavioral interventions, such as Behavioral Modification Techniques (BMTs), may be implemented to address challenging behaviors and promote positive behaviors.
Nutrition Interventions
- Nutrition interventions are essential for individuals with ASD due to potentially complex feeding issues, including sensory sensitivities and preferences.
Education Interventions
- Interventions for individuals with ASD should consider aspects of education such as grade level, school type (traditional, progressive, Montessori), and classroom type.
Feeding Interventions
- Nutritional intervention should involve multiple sessions with the client to properly evaluate and observe their needs.
- Limiting screen time is important to prevent dependence on technology for eating and encourage the development of healthy eating habits.
- Therapy meals and snacks can be used to build skills and promote social eating experiences.
- If applicable, occupational therapists should work with caregivers to ensure appropriate feeding patterns and environments.
Motor Skill Interventions
- Individuals with ASD may exhibit motor skill challenges that can impede participation in daily activities.
- Challenges are not due to physical limitations but are often related to sensory issues, delayed development, and/or motor planning issues.
Behavior Modification Techniques
- Proper observation of behaviors is essential to determine whether a behavior is primarily sensory or behavioral.
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Description
This quiz covers significant changes made in the DSM-V, particularly in relation to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). It explores nonverbal communication behaviors, insistence on sameness, and sensory processing issues faced by individuals with ASD. Test your knowledge on these essential aspects of psychology and diagnostic criteria shifts.
