Psychology Chapter: Dynamic Psychiatry and Disorders

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Questions and Answers

Which perspective emphasizes the influence of unconscious processes and internal conflicts on the development of mental disorders?

Biological psychiatry

Dynamic psychiatry (correct)

Developmental psychology

Cognitive psychology

What type of interventions are most commonly employed in biological psychiatry?

Behavioral modification and cognitive restructuring

Medications and neurosurgical procedures (correct)

Insight-oriented therapy and psychoanalysis

Family therapy and group sessions

Which of the following historical periods viewed mental illness primarily through a supernatural lens, attributing it to demonic possession?

The medieval period

Ancient civilizations

The 18th-19th century

The prehistoric era (correct)

Which of the following concepts is a core element of dynamic psychiatry?

Defense machanisms like repression Signup and view all the answers

Which figure is considered the founding father of the psychiatric classification system, with an emphasis on biological and empirical approaches?

Emil Kraepelin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of insight-oriented therapy, as practiced within dynamic psychiatry?

To resolve unconscious conflicts by gaining self-awareness Signup and view all the answers

Which historical trend of the 20th century is most aligned with the shift towards community-based treatment and reduced reliance on long-term hospital stays?

Deinstitutionalization Signup and view all the answers

What are transference and countertransference primarily understood to be within dynamic psychiatry?

Key therapeutic relationship dynamics utilized during therapy Signup and view all the answers

What belief characterized the explanation of mental illness in ancient civilizations ?

Divine or natural causes such as imbalances in bodily fluids Signup and view all the answers

What was a key contribution of the 19th century to the understanding of mental illness?

The development of structured classification systems and biological approaches Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the primary focus of phenomenological psychiatry?

The subjective, lived experience of mental illness, including how individuals experience reality and self. Signup and view all the answers

A key objective of treatment within phenomenological psychiatry is to assist individuals in:

Making an altered sense of the experience, regaining coherence, and exploring existential concerns. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these factors is most emphasized in social psychiatry?

Societal, economic, and cultural conditions affecting mental health. Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment approach aligns most closely with social psychiatry?

Community-based care and addressing societal stressors. Signup and view all the answers

A critique of the biological paradigm of mental health is that it:

Neglects the lived experiences and social determinants of mental illness. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a limitation of the phenomenological approach to psychiatry?

It struggles to address mental conditions that may require medication for symptom relief. Signup and view all the answers

A limitation of the dynamic perspective is that:

It may be inaccessible to certain patients due to time, resources, or a patient's capacity to understand the process. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a symptom, as defined in the provided context?

A subjective indicator of a disease or physical disturbance. Signup and view all the answers

A key challenge in implementing social psychiatry interventions is:

The significant financial and bureaucratic hurdles to create societal change. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a symptom, based on the provided definition?

Genetic predisposition to depression. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best differentiates a 'syndrome' from a 'disorder'?

A syndrome is a cluster of symptoms, while a disorder represents a clinically significant disturbance. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best characterisation of 'comorbidity'?

The co-occurrence of additional medical conditions with a primary diagnosis. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of mental health, what does 'disease' most closely refer to?

A clinically significant abnormal condition that impairs functioning. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the Bio-Psycho-Social (BPS) model?

A holistic framework that emphasizes psychosocial determinants of health and patient-centered care. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major criticism of the Bio-Psycho-Social (BPS) model?

Its lack of specificity and difficulty in testing empirically. Signup and view all the answers

According to Antonovsky’s concept, what does 'salutogenesis' emphasize?

The factors that support health and well-being. Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, what is a characteristic of pathogenesis?

Describing the development process of a disease or disorder. Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest is a key aspect of promoting public health, as related to Antonovsky's perspective?

Creating appropriate social environments to support health-promoting behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes how the text uses the term 'morbidity'?

A specific health condition or state of disease. Signup and view all the answers

How could the ambiguity of terms be a challenge in using the Bio-Psycho-Social (BPS) model?

It causes varying interpretations and unclear boundaries to its underlying concepts. Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT considered a fundamental aspect of lifestyle definitions?

Pathogenic risk factors. Signup and view all the answers

According to the Salutogenic Model, where is an individual situated?

On a healthy/disease continuum at a given time Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the Salutogenic Model?

Promoting health and well-being at all positions on the continuum. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is considered a key element in the concept of 'Sense of Coherence' (SOC)?

Having life experiences that help form a a strong SOC Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is LEAST likely to significantly affect an individual's pre-existing Sense of Coherence?

Participation in new activities as an adult Signup and view all the answers

What defines the concept of 'Manageability' within Generalized Resistance Resources (GRR)?

Believing one has the resources to cope with life's stressors Signup and view all the answers

In the context of GRR, what does 'Meaningfulness' refer to?

The motivation to engage in coping behaviors Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Comprehensibility' represent within Generalised Resistance Resources (GRR)?

The belief that life’s challenges are understandable Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a verified feature of the 29-item SOC 'Orientation to Life' scale?

It has been shown to be reliable, feasible and valid across many cultures. Signup and view all the answers

What area related to SOC requires further research?

Whether the SOC acts as a buffer for health Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Psychopathology - General Overview

Psychopathology examines mental disorders, their symptoms, causes, effects, diagnosis, and classification.
Different professionals (psychiatrists, psychotherapists, psychologists) have varying interpretations of psychopathology.
Psychiatric understandings evolved from societal beliefs, philosophy, religion, and medical advancements.

Psychiatric Paradigms

Biological: Focuses on brain structure/neurotransmitter imbalances, genetic predisposition, neuroimaging, and psychopharmacology for mental illness treatment.
Dynamic: Emphasizes unconscious processes, emotional conflicts, interpersonal relationships, and childhood experiences as origins of mental disorders, using insight-oriented therapies.
Phenomenological: Centers on the subjective lived experience of mental illness, understanding how individuals perceive their reality and self within mental disorders.

Lecture 2: Basic Psychopathology Terminology

Symptom: (Greek: symptoma) An accidental circumstance or physical/emotional indicators of illness.
Syndrome: A combination of symptoms (e.g., depressive syndrome) characterizing a particular abnormality; it is not a cause.
Disorder: A significant disturbance in cognition, emotional regulation, or behavior.
Disease: An abnormal condition impacting a living organism's functioning, demonstrated by symptoms.

Lecture 3: Diagnostics

Bio-Psycho-Social Model (BPS): A holistic framework, prioritizing psychosocial determinants of health and patient-centered care.
Sense of Coherence (SOC): A person's perception of the world as understandable, manageable, and meaningful shapes their ability to cope with life stressors.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): A psychological therapy focusing on thoughts, behaviors, and beliefs.
Psychoanalytic Model: Explores unconscious conflicts, early experiences, and defense mechanisms.
Humanistic/Existential Model: Emphasizes personal growth, self-actualization, and the individual's experience of the world.
Systems Model: Highlights reciprocal interactions between individuals and their environments.

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Description

Test your knowledge on dynamic psychiatry, including the influence of unconscious processes and historical perspectives on mental illness. This quiz covers core concepts, key figures, and therapeutic goals within the field. Explore the evolution of treatment approaches and the classification of psychiatric disorders.