Questions and Answers
Which choice is an accurate definition of a hypothesis?
Psychology refers to the?
Scientific study of the mind and behavior
Who wrote 'Principles of Physiological Psychology' and established a scientific laboratory of psychology at the University of Leipzig?
Wilhelm Wundt
Functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and?
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Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by?
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Which perspective within psychology emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans?
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For which concept is Abraham Maslow best known?
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A series of dots arranged in the shape of a face will be perceived as a face, not a series of dots. This phenomenon is studied under?
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The cognitive revolution created an impetus for psychologists to focus their attention on better understanding?
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Penelope studies how the structure and function of the nervous system is related to behavior. She is a?
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Lucy wants to study changes in physical attributes, cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in _____ psychology.
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In developmental psychology, there is increasing interest in researching cognitive changes that occur later in life. Why?
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Cognitive psychology focuses on studying?
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In the study of personality, the ___ model includes different traits that are believed to underlie each individual's basic tendencies.
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When studying personality traits, someone who is hardworking, dependable, and organized will score high on the ____ trait.
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Susan wants to study prejudice, attraction, and interpersonal conflicts. She should conduct research in the area of?
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Oona wants to conduct research on personnel management and workplace environments. She should conduct research in the area of ____ psychology.
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Which of the following is an example of research someone might conduct in the area of health psychology?
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Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders. What area of psychology should she work in?
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Which kind of psychologist would be consulted in jury selection and witness preparation?
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Study Notes
Hypothesis and Psychology Basics
- A hypothesis is a tentative explanation of phenomena.
- Psychology is defined as the scientific study of the mind and behavior.
Historical Figures and Schools of Thought
- Wilhelm Wundt established a scientific laboratory of psychology at the University of Leipzig and wrote "Principles of Physiological Psychology."
- Functionalist psychologists emphasize the function of behavior and the overall operation of the mind rather than its individual components.
- Behaviorism aims to make psychology an objective science by studying implicit motivations through implicit association tests.
Psychological Perspectives
- Humanism highlights the innate potential for good within all humans.
- Abraham Maslow is known for proposing a hierarchy of human needs that motivates behavior.
- Gestalt psychology examines how individuals perceive a series of dots as a complete face rather than disconnected dots.
Cognitive Psychology and Theories
- The cognitive revolution encouraged psychologists to better understand the mind and the mental processes influencing behavior.
- Cognitive psychology studies thoughts and their relationship with experiences and actions.
Subfields of Psychology
- A biopsychologist focuses on the relationship between the nervous system's structure and function and behavior.
- Developmental psychology specializes in changes in physical characteristics, cognitive abilities, moral reasoning, and social behavior throughout the lifespan.
Aging and Cognitive Research
- Increased research in developmental psychology is related to longer life expectancies in developed nations.
Personality and Traits
- The Five Factor model in personality psychology identifies traits that represent individuals' basic tendencies.
- A person exhibiting traits like hard work, dependability, and organization would score high on the conscientiousness trait.
Social Psychology and Conflicts
- Social psychology involves studying prejudice, attraction, behavior attribution, and conflict resolution in interpersonal relationships.
Industrial-Organizational Psychology
- Research in industrial-organizational psychology focuses on workplace environments and factors that enhance employee productivity and efficiency.
Health Psychology
- Health psychology might investigate the correlation between sedentary jobs and obesity prevalence among desk workers.
Clinical Psychology
- Clinical psychology focuses on diagnosing and treating psychological disorders and addressing problematic behavior patterns.
Forensic Psychology
- Forensic psychologists assist in jury selection and witness preparation within the legal system.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapter 1 of Psychology. This quiz covers definitions of terms and notable figures in the field, such as Wilhelm Wundt. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of foundational psychology principles.
