AP Psychology All Terms Flashcards

Linked to emotion

Eating, drinking, body temperature

Cerebral cortex

<p>Support, nourish, and protect neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Speaking, muscle movements, planning, and judgement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Includes the sensory cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Visual information</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Auditory information processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Voluntary movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Registers and processes body sensations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher mental functions such as learning and thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Left hemisphere damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directs muscle movements involved in speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Language comprehension and expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brain's capacity for modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Corpus callosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Condition with isolated brain hemispheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A set of glands that secrete hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical messengers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The science of behavior and mental processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The long-standing controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The principle that, among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The perspective that deals with how the body and brain create emotions, memories, and sensory experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It deals with how nature selects traits that promote the perpetuation of one's genes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The perspective of psychological science that deals with how much our genes, and our environment, influence our individual differences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It deals with how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It deals with how we learn observable responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It deals with how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It deals with how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders, practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions, but examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A testable prediction, often implied by a theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A statement of the procedures (operations) used to define research variables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Repeating the essence of a research study with different participants in different situations to see whether the basic finding generalizes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An observation technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of people, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All the cases in a group from which samples may be drawn for a study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A statistical measure of the extent to which two factors vary together, and thus of how well either factor predicts the other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A graphed cluster of dots, each of which represents the values of two variables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The perception of a relationship where none exists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An inert substance or condition that may be administered instead of a presumed active agent to see if it triggers the effects believed to characterize the active agent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An experimental procedure in which both the research participants and the research staff are ignorant about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any effect on behavior caused by a placebo.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The condition of an experiment that exposes participants to the treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The condition of an experiment that contrasts with the experimental condition and serves as a comparison for evaluation of the effect of the treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assigning participants to experimental and control conditions by chance, thus minimizing preexisting differences between those assigned to the different groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The experimental factor—the behavior or mental process—that is being measured.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The most frequently occurring score in a distribution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The arithmetic average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The middle score in a distribution; the scores are above it, and half are below it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A statistical criterion for rejecting the assumption of no differences in a particular study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concerned with links between biology and behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Building blocks of the nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Branches designed to receive/send and transport information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transports messages to different muscles/glands in the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chemical messengers that traverse the synaptic gaps between neurons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>&quot;Morphine within&quot; - natural, opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The body's speedy, electrochemical communication system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brain and spinal cord.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system (CNS) to the rest of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neural &quot;cables&quot; containing many axons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neurons that carry incoming information from the sense receptors to the central nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Central nervous system neurons that intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neurons that carry outgoing information from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A simple, automatic, inborn response to a sensory stimulus, such as the knee-jerk response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interconnected neural cells that can learn through experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An ill-fated theory that claimed bumps on the skull could reveal our mental abilities and character traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tissue destruction; a brain lesion is a naturally or experimentally caused destruction of brain tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain's surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A series of X-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images that distinguish among different types of soft tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The oldest part and central core of the brain, responsible for automatic survival functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The base of the brainstem; it controls heartbeat and breathing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The brain's sensory switchboard; it directs messages to sensory receiving areas in the cortex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The &quot;little brain&quot; attached to the rear of the brainstem; it helps coordinate voluntary movement and balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A doughnut-shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and aggression.</p> Signup and view all the answers