Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary mechanism of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
What is the primary mechanism of action of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
Which of the following is a common side effect associated with tricyclic antidepressants?
Which of the following is a common side effect associated with tricyclic antidepressants?
Which medication is an atypical anxiolytic used primarily for anxiety treatment?
Which medication is an atypical anxiolytic used primarily for anxiety treatment?
What potential risk is associated with taking SSRIs alongside St. John's wort?
What potential risk is associated with taking SSRIs alongside St. John's wort?
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Which of the following statements about buspirone is false?
Which of the following statements about buspirone is false?
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What is a notable side effect of benzodiazepines?
What is a notable side effect of benzodiazepines?
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Which of the following is NOT an indication for duloxetine?
Which of the following is NOT an indication for duloxetine?
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What common side effect could patients experience when taking SSRIs?
What common side effect could patients experience when taking SSRIs?
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What is the mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants?
What is the mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants?
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Which of the following best describes a concern when using SSRIs?
Which of the following best describes a concern when using SSRIs?
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Study Notes
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
- Medications: Paroxetine, sertraline, fluoxetine
- Indications: Anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Mechanism of Action (MOA): Inhibits serotonin reuptake
- Interactions: St. John's wort increases risk of serotonin syndrome
- Side Effects: Sexual dysfunction, weight gain, insomnia, suicidal thoughts/behaviors
- Nursing Considerations (NC): Monitor for serotonin syndrome (agitation, fever, diaphoresis, tremors)
- Patient Teaching (PT): Full effects not immediate (2+ weeks)
Atypical Anxiolytic
- Medication: Buspirone
- Indications: Anxiety
- MOA: Binds to serotonin and dopamine receptors
- Side Effects: Dizziness, nausea, headache
- Patient Teaching (PT): Consistent food intake for absorption; avoid grapefruit juice; full effects may take weeks; does not cause sedation; low risk of dependence
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
- Medications: Amitriptyline, imipramine
- Indications: Depression, neuropathy, fibromyalgia, anxiety, insomnia
- MOA: Affects serotonin and norepinephrine in the central nervous system (CNS)
- Side Effects: Sedation, orthostatic hypotension, anticholinergic effects (urinary retention, constipation, dry mouth, tachycardia, photophobia), arrhythmias, sweating, seizures, suicidal thoughts/behaviors
- Anticholinergic Considerations: Important potential side effects
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
- Medications: Duloxetine, venlafaxine
- Indications: Depression, anxiety, neuropathic pain
- MOA: Inhibits serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake
- Interactions: St. John's wort increases risk of serotonin syndrome
- Side Effects: Fatigue, insomnia, gastrointestinal upset (constipation, nausea), decreased libido, suicidal thoughts/behaviors
- Nursing Considerations (NC): Monitor for serotonin syndrome (agitation, hallucinations, fever, diaphoresis, tremors)
Benzodiazepines
- Medications: Diazepam, lorazepam, midazolam, chlordiazepoxide
- Indications: Anxiety, seizures, muscle spasms, alcohol withdrawal, anesthesia
- MOA: Enhances GABA effect in the CNS
- Side Effects: Sedation, amnesia, respiratory depression, abuse, addiction, dependence, withdrawal (insomnia, irritability, seizures)
- Patient Teaching (PT): Do not discontinue abruptly; short-term use only; antidote is flumazenil
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Description
This quiz covers key psychiatric medications including SSRIs and atypical anxiolytics. Topics include indications, mechanisms of action, side effects, and nursing considerations essential for patient care. Test your knowledge on these important treatments used in managing anxiety and depression.
