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Questions and Answers
What is a key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Which type of cells include bacteria and archaea?
What is the function of organelles in eukaryotic cells?
Which structure is common to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells for protecting the cell and regulating what enters and exits?
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What is the genetic material found in all cells, regardless of being prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
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Which type of cells, prokaryotes or eukaryotes, have genes that are sometimes associated with virulence or drug resistance?
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What is the difference between the ribosomes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
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In prokaryotes, how do they reproduce?
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Which structural protein network is present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes but composed of different molecules?
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What is the process of cell division in eukaryotes called?
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What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells with regards to DNA structure?
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Which organelles are exclusive to eukaryotic cells?
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What is the function of a cell wall in prokaryotic cells?
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Which statement accurately contrasts the ribosomes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
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How does cell size differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
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Study Notes
Cell Structure and Function
- Key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells: presence of membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotes, absent in prokaryotes.
- Prokaryotic cells include bacteria and archaea.
Organelles in Eukaryotic Cells
- Organelles perform specific functions, such as protein synthesis, energy production, and cell signaling.
Cell Membrane
- The cell membrane (plasma membrane) is common to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, regulating what enters and exits the cell.
Genetic Material
- Genetic material found in all cells, regardless of being prokaryotic or eukaryotic, is DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
Virulence and Drug Resistance
- Prokaryotes have genes associated with virulence or drug resistance.
Ribosomes
- Ribosomes in prokaryotes are 70S, while in eukaryotes, they are 80S.
- Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Cell Reproduction
- Prokaryotes reproduce through binary fission, where the cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
Cytoskeleton
- Cytoskeleton, present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, is composed of different molecules.
Cell Division
- Process of cell division in eukaryotes is called mitosis.
DNA Structure
- Main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells: prokaryotes have a single, circular chromosome, while eukaryotes have multiple, linear chromosomes.
Exclusive Organelles
- Organelles exclusive to eukaryotic cells include mitochondria, chloroplasts, and a true nucleus.
Cell Wall Function
- Cell wall in prokaryotic cells provides structural support and maintains cell shape.
Ribosome Comparison
- Ribosomes in prokaryotes are smaller and simpler compared to those in eukaryotes.
Cell Size
- Prokaryotes are generally smaller than eukaryotes.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Learn about the basic structures and functions of these two types of cells that make up all living organisms.
