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Questions and Answers
What is the binary representation of the decimal number 85?
What is the binary representation of the decimal number 85?
Signed integers are used by default in binary processing.
Signed integers are used by default in binary processing.
True
What happens when you add 1 to the maximum value of an unsigned byte?
What happens when you add 1 to the maximum value of an unsigned byte?
overflow
The maximum value of an unsigned byte is ___________________
The maximum value of an unsigned byte is ___________________
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Match the following binary representations with their decimal equivalents:
Match the following binary representations with their decimal equivalents:
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What is the result of adding 1 to the maximum value of a signed byte?
What is the result of adding 1 to the maximum value of a signed byte?
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In C, overflow is predictable and stoppable.
In C, overflow is predictable and stoppable.
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What is the maximum value of a signed byte?
What is the maximum value of a signed byte?
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The binary representation of the decimal number 85 is ___________________
The binary representation of the decimal number 85 is ___________________
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What is the maximum value of an unsigned byte in decimal?
What is the maximum value of an unsigned byte in decimal?
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What is the base of the decimal number system?
What is the base of the decimal number system?
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The binary number system is used by humans.
The binary number system is used by humans.
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What is the Greek origin of the prefix 'giga'?
What is the Greek origin of the prefix 'giga'?
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1TB decimal is approximately equal to _______ TB binary.
1TB decimal is approximately equal to _______ TB binary.
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What is the advantage of using hexadecimal numbers?
What is the advantage of using hexadecimal numbers?
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There are 10 types of people: those who know binary and those who don't.
There are 10 types of people: those who know binary and those who don't.
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What is the name of the number system used by computers?
What is the name of the number system used by computers?
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Match the following prefixes with their values:
Match the following prefixes with their values:
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The decimal number system is an example of a _______ number system.
The decimal number system is an example of a _______ number system.
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How many ways can you represent 2024?
How many ways can you represent 2024?
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What is the ASCII value of the character 'q'?
What is the ASCII value of the character 'q'?
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C# and Java support unsigned integers.
C# and Java support unsigned integers.
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What is the main difference between signed and unsigned integers?
What is the main difference between signed and unsigned integers?
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A 16-bit short can represent _______ values from 32,767 to −32,768.
A 16-bit short can represent _______ values from 32,767 to −32,768.
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Match the following data types with their default signed/unsigned status:
Match the following data types with their default signed/unsigned status:
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What is the result of comparing 255 (unsigned) with -1 (signed) using the equality operator?
What is the result of comparing 255 (unsigned) with -1 (signed) using the equality operator?
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In C# and Java, it is recommended to use unsigned integers for safety.
In C# and Java, it is recommended to use unsigned integers for safety.
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What is the bit width of a 32-bit long?
What is the bit width of a 32-bit long?
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A 64-bit long long can represent _______ values.
A 64-bit long long can represent _______ values.
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What is the primary reason for using signed integers in C# and Java?
What is the primary reason for using signed integers in C# and Java?
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Study Notes
Number Systems and Safe Programming
- There are 10 types of people: those who know binary and those who don't.
Decimal, Binary, and Hexadecimal Systems
- In a binary world, programmers use base-10 programming, but computers understand only binary.
- Hexadecimal numbers make it easier to represent binary, e.g., (100)10 == (64)16.
Orders of Magnitude of Digital Data
- Decimal prefixes: kilo (10^3), mega (10^6), giga (10^9), tera (10^12), peta (10^15), exa (10^18), zetta (10^21), and yotta (10^24).
- 1 TB decimal ≈ 0.90949 TB binary, and 1 TB binary ≈ 1.0995 TB decimal.
Humans vs. Computers: Analog Decimal vs. Digital Binary
- Humans think in analog decimal, while computers process digital binary.
- In binary, each digit (bit) can have a value of 0 or 1, and 8 bits make a byte.
Numbering Systems
- There are many ways to represent numbers, and context matters.
- The cardinal number 2,024 is different from the year 2024.
Binary Processing Cautions
- Unsigned and signed integers can lead to overflows and unpredictable behavior.
- When a data type reaches its maximum value and is incremented, it overflows and wraps around to the minimum value.
Signed vs. Unsigned Integers
- Signed integers can represent negative numbers, while unsigned integers can't.
- Comparing signed and unsigned integers can lead to unexpected results.
Bits and Bit Width
- The number of bits (n) in a data type determines the number of possible values: 2^n values.
- Common data types and their bit widths: char (8), short (16), long (32), and long long (64).
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Description
Learn the basics of programming number systems, including binary, decimal, and hexadecimal. Understand how to work with integer sizes and identify integer overflow bugs.
