Pressure Injuries
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of genital herpes caused by Type 2 of the herpes virus?

  • Vesicles appear in the genital area and can cause ulcerations. (correct)
  • Vesicles are commonly found in the oral cavity.
  • Lesions remain for 1 to 2 days before healing.
  • It shows no physical symptoms until it is symptomatic.

    • Which of the following is NOT included in the medical management of herpes simplex virus?

  • Application of lidocaine for localized relief.
  • Daily suppressive therapy with valacyclovir.
  • Prescribing antibiotics for the infection. (correct)
  • Use of topical anesthetics for pain relief.

    • What nursing intervention is vital for preventing the spread of herpes simplex virus?

  • Applying a corticosteroid cream to the lesions.
  • Instructing the patient to cover lesions with a bandage.
  • Washing hands and wearing gloves during contact with lesions. (correct)
  • Encouraging the patient to wear a breathable cotton garment.

    • Which symptom is commonly associated with genital herpes shortly after vesicle eruption?

    <p>Elevated temperature and flu-like symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of herpes simplex virus management is crucial for patient education?

    <p>Identifying and avoiding known triggers for recurrences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the first symptoms of Herpes Zoster (Shingles)?

    <p>Pain, itching, and heightened sensitivity along the nerve pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment may help reduce both pain and duration if given within 72 hours of onset of Herpes Zoster?

    <p>Acyclovir, an antiviral medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following populations is at a greater risk for serious complications from Herpes Zoster?

    <p>Immunosuppressed people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rash is typically associated with Pityriasis Rosea?

    <p>A single herald patch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the nursing interventions directed at managing symptoms of Herpes Zoster?

    <p>Administer tranquilizers to decrease anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common method used to diagnose Tinea capitis?

    <p>Wood's light examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antifungal medication is administered orally for the treatment of fungal infections?

    <p>Griseofulvin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nursing intervention is crucial for managing Tinea pedis?

    <p>Keeping the affected area dry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of contact dermatitis?

    <p>Direct contact with irritants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lesions are common in contact dermatitis?

    <p>Papules and vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nursing interventions would help reduce itching in contact dermatitis?

    <p>Using calamine lotion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of elevating IgE levels in patients with contact dermatitis?

    <p>Suggests an allergic or hypersensitivity response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primarily responsible bacteria for impetigo?

    <p>Staphylococcus aureus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an objective data point for assessing impetigo?

    <p>Pruritus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done first in the nursing management of a patient with impetigo?

    <p>Clean the area with antiseptics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the case of folliculitis, what is indicated if a carbuncle appears?

    <p>Systemic antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is typical for the lesions associated with impetigo?

    <p>Crusted lesions with smooth and red skin underneath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common method for teaching patients to prevent the spread of impetigo?

    <p>Maintain strict hygiene principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical initial step for managing folliculitis?

    <p>Implement isolation procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of folliculitis?

    <p>Redness, tenderness, and heat around the hair follicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Pressure Injuries

    • Pressure injuries are injuries to intact and ulcerated skin.
    • Skin breakdown has various causes.
    • Immediate action is needed.
    • Pressure injuries are classified by stage.

    Stages of Pressure Injury

    • Stage 1: Localized area of skin over a bony prominence. Non-blanchable skin with redness. Darker skin tones may not show blanching, but the color might differ from surrounding areas. The wound characteristics are painful, firm, or soft. It may appear warm or cool.
    • Stage 2: Partial thickness loss of dermis. Looks like a shallow open wound. It may appear shiny or dry, red-pink, or intact/ruptured skin with or without slough or bruising. Might have serum-filled blisters
    • Stage 3: Full-thickness tissue loss. Subcutaneous fat may be visible; however, bone, tendon, and muscle are not exposed. Slough may be present.
    • Stage 4: Full-thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, cartilage, or muscle. Slough or eschar may also be present. Undermining and tunneling may occur. The condition varies depending on its location. At risk for osteomyelitis
    • Unstageable/Unclassified: Involves full-thickness tissue loss with a wound base covered in slough and eschar. True depth of the wound cannot be determined. Stable eschar (on heels) is a natural biologic cover and should not be removed.

    Suspected Deep Tissue Pressure Injury

    • Localized purple or maroon area.
    • Skin is intact.

    Herpes Simplex

    • Caused by the herpes virus hominis.
    • Two types known.
    • Characterized by vesicles at the corner of the mouth, lips, or nose, which are usually reddened and edematous.
    • Vesicles ulcerate and crust over, and general malaise is common.

    Herpes Zoster (Shingles)

    • Caused by the varicella-zoster virus.
    • Characterized by lesions along nerve fibers of spinal ganglia, accompanied by initial pain, itching, and heightened sensitivity.
    • Vesicle formation follows, and then crusting occurs.
    • Disease not permanently disabling.
    • Immunosuppressed are at a higher risk of severe complications.

    Cellulitis

    • Caused by bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, or Haemophilus influenzae B).
    • Often in areas with impaired skin (diabetes, venous stasis, lymphedema, chemo, autoimmune disease).
    • Edematous, erythematous skin develops as bacteria enters through broken skin (cut, scratch, insect bite). Often lower extremities.
    • Symptoms include pruritus, pain, malaise, and limited use of extremities. Skin may appear erythematous, pruritic, with orange peel look. Vesicles may develop. Lymphadenitis may accompany the condition and is accompanied by a leukocytosis (high white blood cell count)

    Impetigo

    • Caused by bacteria (staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, or mixed bacterial infection).
    • Lesions initially appear as macules; then progress to pustulant vesicles.
    • Ruptures and form a crust.
    • Highly contagious.
    • Transmitted via personal articles, linens, and clothing.

    Folliculitis, Furuncles, and Carbuncles

    • Bacterial inflammation of hair follicles.
    • Staph Aureus is the causative agent in most cases.
    • Caused by bacterial infection affecting one or more hair follicles(folliculitis), deeper infection (furuncle) or multiple furuncles (carbuncle).
    • It causes red, swollen, and tender skin around hair follicle or deeper lesions.

    Fungal Infections (Dermatophytoses)

    • Superficial skin infections.
    • Tinea capitis (scalp), Tinea corporis (body), Tinea cruris (jock itch), and Tinea pedis (athlete's foot).

    Contact Dermatitis

    • Skin reaction to environmental agents, such as detergents, soaps, industrial chemicals, and plants.
    • Lesions appear where the agent was in contact with the skin.
    • Edema and pruritus are common.

    Pediculosis (Lice Infestation)

    • Parasitic disorder occurring in poor hygiene conditions.
    • Three types (head, body, and pubic).
    • Characterized by nits (eggs) or lice on skin; pruritus is a common complaint.

    Scabies

    • Caused by the human itch mite burrowing under the skin.
    • Transmitted via prolonged contact.
    • Secondary infections are common.
    • Symptoms include severe pruritus, wavy, brown, threadlike lines, often excoriated lesions in skin folds/genitalia.

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    Related Documents

    Pressure Injuries & Skin Disorders (V 2.0) PDF

    Description

    Learn about pressure injuries, their causes, and the critical stages of classification. This quiz covers the characteristics of each stage from Stage 1 to Stage 4, helping you understand the necessary interventions for skin health. Ideal for healthcare professionals and students.

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