Prescribing Medicines During Pregnancy Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes ADRs from toxic reactions?

  • ADRs include both beneficial and unwanted effects.
  • ADRs require immediate antidote administration.
  • Toxic reactions are not predictable.
  • ADRs occur at doses higher than therapeutics. (correct)

    • Why are pediatric and geriatric patients more susceptible to ADRs?

  • Because of physiological and pathological factors. (correct)
  • Due to their high tolerance levels.
  • Because they are excluded from pre-marketing trials.
  • Due to their resistance to medication.

    • What makes side effects different from ADRs?

  • Side effects always require antidotes.
  • Side effects are broader, including both wanted and unwanted effects. (correct)
  • Side effects are unpredictable.
  • Side effects affect only pediatric and geriatric patients.

    • Why can pre-marketing clinical trials not detect all ADRs?

    <p>Low chance of picking up low incidence reactions before marketing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is an antidote typically required for an adverse drug reaction?

    <p>In severe cases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which healthcare professional specializes in Dermatology and Vernology?

    <p>Shimelis Nigusse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the healthcare professional specializing in Gynecology at Ambo University Hospital?

    <p>Tolossa Gishle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which healthcare professional specializes in Medical Doctor Psychiatry at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital?

    <p>Yidnekachew Degefaw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who specializes in Internal Medicine, Infectious Disease at TASH/CHS/AAU?

    <p>Workeabeba Abebe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which healthcare professional specializes in Pulmonary and Critical care at St.Paul Hospital Millenium Medical College?

    <p>Selamawit Tilahun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who specializes in Neurosurgery at St.Paul Hospital Millenium Medical College?

    <p>Tajudin Hassen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of Extensively drug resistant (XDR)?

    <p>Non-susceptibility to at least one agent in all but two or fewer antimicrobial categories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Pan-drug resistant (PDR) refer to?

    <p>Non-susceptibility to all agents in all antimicrobial categories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Co-resistance as defined in the text?

    <p>Resistant to more than one class of antibiotics in the same bacterial strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to antimicrobial resistance by causing environment contamination with antimicrobials?

    <p>Poor infection prevention and control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common medicine used for self-medication according to the text?

    <p>Antibacterials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to resistance among other antimicrobials as a result of exposure to a similarly acting antimicrobial?

    <p>Cross-resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommendation regarding prescribing medicine during pregnancy according to the text?

    <p>Avoid prescribing medicine unless in life-threatening situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should a woman wait after breastfeeding before taking a relatively safe medicine?

    <p>30-60 minutes after breastfeeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered before prescribing any medicine to pregnant women?

    <p>The benefit risk ratio of prescribing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of medicines are contraindicated in breast feeding according to the text?

    <p>Antineoplastic medicines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal timing for a woman to take relatively safe medicine during breastfeeding?

    <p>30-60 minutes after breastfeeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if no safety data are available for a medicine during lactation?

    <p>Breastfeeding should be discontinued while taking the medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of E.coli isolates were found to carry ESBL-encoding genes?

    <p>46.8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria had the highest percentage of isolates found to be resistant to third-generation cephalosporins?

    <p>Klebsiella spp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Among the bacteria mentioned, which one had the lowest percentage of isolates carrying ESBL-encoding genes?

    <p>Acinetobacter spp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the mortality reported for infections caused by bacteria resistant to third-generation cephalosporins in one of the included studies?

    <p>33.3%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of enterococci isolates were identified as Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE)?

    <p>14.8%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic showed the least resistance among MRSA strains?

    <p>Vancomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

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