Polyploid Speciation in Plants and Animals
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Questions and Answers

What is the estimated percentage of plant species that descended from ancestors formed by polyploid speciation?

  • More than 90%
  • Nearly 100%
  • More than 50%
  • More than 80% (correct)

    • What is the term for the process of polyploid speciation that occurs between two different species?

  • Sympatric speciation
  • Autopolyploidy
  • Allopolyploidy (correct)
  • Habitat differentiation

    • What is the purpose of using chemicals that induce meiotic and mitotic errors in plant genetic manipulation?

  • To create new polyploid plants with desirable traits (correct)
  • To study the mechanisms of polyploid speciation
  • To understand the genetic factors behind habitat differentiation
  • To develop new species of plants that can thrive in extreme environments

    • Which of the following crops is an allohexaploid?

    <p>Wheat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a polyploid species in animals that has been documented in historical times?

    <p>The gray tree frog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of allopolyploidy events between pairs of introduced European Tragopodon species in the Pacific Northwest?

    <p>The formation of two new species of plants called goatsbeard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of sympatric speciation in plants?

    <p>hybridization between species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process can result in reproductive isolation due to a new habitat or food source?

    <p>sympatric speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the zone where allopatric species renew contact with one another?

    <p>hybrid zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reproductive barrier separating the gene pools of the two closely related species of cichlids mentioned in the text?

    <p>mate choice based on coloration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of genetic change in an isolated population in allopatric speciation?

    <p>reproductive isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which a new species forms while geographically isolated from its parent population?

    <p>allopatric speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which autopolyploid mutants achieve reproductive isolation in a single generation?

    <p>Abnormal meiosis by the triploid hybrid offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of allopolyploid hybrids?

    <p>They are fertile with each other but cannot breed with either parent species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a failure of mitosis or meiosis in a cell, leading to polyploidy?

    <p>An increase in chromosome number from diploid to tetraploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of producing polyploid individuals?

    <p>Gene flow reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an individual with more than two sets of chromosomes, all derived from a single species?

    <p>Autopolyploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of tetraploid individuals reproducing with themselves or other tetraploids?

    <p>Reproductive isolation despite sympatry</p> Signup and view all the answers

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