15 Questions
How does PGPR work in chocolate and similar coatings?
PGPR is used in chocolate and similar coatings with another substance like lecithin to reduce viscosity by decreasing the friction between solid particles in molten chocolate, making it flow more easily.
What is PGPR and what is it made from?
PGPR, or Polyglycerol polyricinoleate, is an emulsifier made from glycerol and fatty acids, usually from castor bean or soybean oil.
What is the composition of PGPR?
PGPR is made up of a short chain of glycerol molecules connected by ether bonds, with ricinoleic acid side chains connected by ester bonds.
What are the properties of PGPR?
PGPR is a yellowish, viscous liquid, and is strongly lipophilic: it is soluble in fats and oils and insoluble in water and ethanol.
How is PGPR manufactured?
Glycerol is heated to above 200 °C in the presence of an alkaline catalyst to create polyglycerol, and castor oil fatty acids are separately heated to above 200 °C to create interesterified ricinoleic fatty acids. The polyglycerol and the interesterified ricinoleic fatty acids are then mixed to create PGPR.
What is the meaning of 'Rhizobacteria'?
Root-associated bacteria that can have a detrimental, neutral, or beneficial effect on plant growth.
What does the term 'PGPRs' stand for and who first used it?
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, first used by Joseph W. Kloepper in the late 1970s.
What percentage of rhizosphere bacteria are considered PGPR?
About 2–5% of rhizosphere bacteria are PGPR.
What is the dominant species found in the rhizosphere?
A microbe from the genus Azospirillum.
What is one of the most beneficial processes performed by rhizobacteria?
Nitrogen fixation.
What is the meaning of 'PGPR'?
PGPR stands for plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, which are root-associated bacteria that can have a beneficial effect on plant growth.
What percentage of rhizosphere bacteria are considered PGPR?
About 2–5% of rhizosphere bacteria are PGPR.
What are the two major classes of relationships that PGPRs have with host plants?
The two major classes of relationships are rhizospheric and endophytic.
What is the dominant species found in the rhizosphere?
The dominant species found in the rhizosphere is a microbe from the genus Azospirillum.
What is one of the most beneficial processes performed by rhizobacteria?
Nitrogen fixation is one of the most beneficial processes performed by rhizobacteria.
Learn about the emulsifier PGPR, its purpose in chocolate production, and how it reduces viscosity to improve flow. Explore the function and sources of this ingredient in compound chocolate and coatings.
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