Questions and Answers
What is matter?
Everything that has mass and takes up space.
What is an acid?
A chemical substance that neutralizes alkalis, dissolves some metals, and turns litmus red.
What is a base?
A chemical species that donates electrons or hydroxide ions or that accepts protons.
What is baking soda?
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What is vinegar?
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What does pH measure?
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What is the pH scale?
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What is an acid-base indicator?
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What does red litmus paper indicate?
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What does blue litmus paper indicate?
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Study Notes
Matter
- Defined as everything possessing mass and occupying space.
- Encompasses all physical substances in the universe.
Acid
- Chemical substance that neutralizes alkalis and can corrode metals.
- Characteristically sour; changes litmus paper to red.
- Plays a crucial role in processes such as food digestion.
Base
- Chemical species that donates electrons or hydroxide ions.
- Accepts protons; often appears slippery to the touch.
- Solids that counteract acids in chemical reactions.
Baking Soda
- Chemical formula: NaHCO₃; known as sodium bicarbonate.
- Appears as a crystalline white solid, often in powder form.
- Commonly used in cooking and baking, and has applications in oral hygiene.
Vinegar
- Primarily composed of acetic acid and water.
- Produced through the fermentation of ethanol by acetic acid bacteria.
- Widely used in cooking, pickling, and food preservation.
pH
- Measurement of acidity or basicity in aqueous solutions.
- pH value of less than 7 indicates acidity, while a value greater than 7 indicates basicity.
- Essential in food science to understand flavor profiles and preservation.
pH Scale
- Ranges from 0 to 14, determining the acidity of a substance.
- A pH of 7 represents neutrality; values below are acidic, above are basic.
- Used in various scientific applications, including food science.
Acid-Base Indicator
- A substance that shows the degrees of acidity or basicity through color changes.
- Useful in determining the pH level of solutions in experiments and cooking.
Red Litmus Paper
- Changes color to red when exposed to solutions with a pH below 4.5.
- Employed to test for acidic properties in various contexts.
Blue Litmus Paper
- Changes color to blue in the presence of solutions with a pH above 8.2.
- Used to identify basic properties of substances.
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Description
Explore the essential concepts of acids and bases in food science through these flashcards. Whether you're a student or a food science enthusiast, these definitions will help you grasp the fundamental terms related to matter, acids, and their properties.
