PN 1241 Chp. 17 Objective 1: Blood Structure and Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the primary functions of blood?

  • Transport, Regulation, Digestion
  • Transport, Regulation, Protection (correct)
  • Regulation, Respiration, Protection
  • Transport, Protection, Respiration

Which is NOT a transport function of blood?

  • Aiding in digestion of food in the stomach (correct)
  • Transporting hormones from endocrine organs to target organs
  • Delivering oxygen and nutrients to body cells
  • Transporting metabolic wastes to the liver

What is the main function of blood in maintaining body temperature?

  • Absorbing and distributing heat (correct)
  • Converting heat into energy
  • Producing heat through chemical reactions
  • Controlling external temperature

Which of the following is NOT a component of blood plasma?

<p>Red blood cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In hemostasis, what are the three steps involved?

<p>Vasoconstriction, Platelet plug formation, Coagulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the Rh factor is correct?

<p>Rh-negative blood can safely receive Rh-positive blood. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

<p>Gas transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structural features of erythrocytes facilitates efficient gas exchange?

<p>They have a biconcave disc shape (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do erythrocytes lack mitochondria?

<p>Both A and B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structural protein contributes to the flexibility of erythrocytes, allowing them to pass through narrow capillaries?

<p>Spectrin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the erythrocyte volume (excluding water) is occupied by hemoglobin?

<p>97% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the synthesis of erythropoietin (EPO)?

<p>Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) accumulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ mainly releases erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream?

<p>Kidneys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does testosterone have on erythropoiesis?

<p>Enhances EPO production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the causes of hypoxia that can result in increased EPO production?

<p>Low oxygen levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do high levels of oxygen in the blood affect EPO production?

<p>Inhibit EPO production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to the maturation of erythrocytes faster?

<p>High levels of EPO (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct sequence of erythrocyte development?

<p>Hematopoietic stem cell → Myeloid stem cell → Proerythroblast → Basophilic erythroblast → Polychromatic erythroblast → Orthochromatic erythroblast → Reticulocyte (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about hematopoiesis?

<p>It is the formation of all blood cells, including RBCs, white blood cells, and platelets. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of basophilic erythroblasts in erythropoiesis?

<p>They synthesize many ribosomes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about orthochromatic erythroblasts?

<p>Both A and C are correct. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the body does erythropoiesis occur in adults?

<p>Red bone marrow in the axial skeleton, girdles, and proximal epiphyses of humerus and femur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final stage of erythropoiesis before the cells enter the bloodstream?

<p>Reticulocyte (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary stimulus that triggers increased erythropoiesis?

<p>Decreased availability of O2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the majority of iron found in the body?

<p>In hemoglobin, making up 65% of the total iron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO)?

<p>To stimulate red bone marrow to produce more red blood cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason that old red blood cells are destroyed?

<p>They become fragile and can get trapped in small blood vessels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nutrients is NOT required for proper erythropoiesis?

<p>Calcium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary fate of old, fragile red blood cells?

<p>They are recycled and the iron is reused (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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