PN 1241 Chp. 17 Objective 1: Blood Structure and Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the primary functions of blood?

  • Transport, Regulation, Digestion
  • Transport, Regulation, Protection (correct)
  • Regulation, Respiration, Protection
  • Transport, Protection, Respiration

    • Which is NOT a transport function of blood?

  • Aiding in digestion of food in the stomach (correct)
  • Transporting hormones from endocrine organs to target organs
  • Delivering oxygen and nutrients to body cells
  • Transporting metabolic wastes to the liver

    • What is the main function of blood in maintaining body temperature?

  • Absorbing and distributing heat (correct)
  • Converting heat into energy
  • Producing heat through chemical reactions
  • Controlling external temperature

    • Which of the following is NOT a component of blood plasma?

    <p>Red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In hemostasis, what are the three steps involved?

    <p>Vasoconstriction, Platelet plug formation, Coagulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the Rh factor is correct?

    <p>Rh-negative blood can safely receive Rh-positive blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

    <p>Gas transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structural features of erythrocytes facilitates efficient gas exchange?

    <p>They have a biconcave disc shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do erythrocytes lack mitochondria?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structural protein contributes to the flexibility of erythrocytes, allowing them to pass through narrow capillaries?

    <p>Spectrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the erythrocyte volume (excluding water) is occupied by hemoglobin?

    <p>97%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the synthesis of erythropoietin (EPO)?

    <p>Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) accumulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ mainly releases erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream?

    <p>Kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does testosterone have on erythropoiesis?

    <p>Enhances EPO production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the causes of hypoxia that can result in increased EPO production?

    <p>Low oxygen levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do high levels of oxygen in the blood affect EPO production?

    <p>Inhibit EPO production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to the maturation of erythrocytes faster?

    <p>High levels of EPO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct sequence of erythrocyte development?

    <p>Hematopoietic stem cell → Myeloid stem cell → Proerythroblast → Basophilic erythroblast → Polychromatic erythroblast → Orthochromatic erythroblast → Reticulocyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about hematopoiesis?

    <p>It is the formation of all blood cells, including RBCs, white blood cells, and platelets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of basophilic erythroblasts in erythropoiesis?

    <p>They synthesize many ribosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about orthochromatic erythroblasts?

    <p>Both A and C are correct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the body does erythropoiesis occur in adults?

    <p>Red bone marrow in the axial skeleton, girdles, and proximal epiphyses of humerus and femur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final stage of erythropoiesis before the cells enter the bloodstream?

    <p>Reticulocyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary stimulus that triggers increased erythropoiesis?

    <p>Decreased availability of O2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the majority of iron found in the body?

    <p>In hemoglobin, making up 65% of the total iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO)?

    <p>To stimulate red bone marrow to produce more red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason that old red blood cells are destroyed?

    <p>They become fragile and can get trapped in small blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nutrients is NOT required for proper erythropoiesis?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary fate of old, fragile red blood cells?

    <p>They are recycled and the iron is reused</p> Signup and view all the answers

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