PN 1241 Chp. 17 Objective 1: Blood Structure and Function Quiz

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What are the primary functions of blood?

Transport, Regulation, Digestion

Transport, Regulation, Protection (correct)

Regulation, Respiration, Protection

Transport, Protection, Respiration

Which is NOT a transport function of blood?

Aiding in digestion of food in the stomach (correct)

Transporting hormones from endocrine organs to target organs

Delivering oxygen and nutrients to body cells

Transporting metabolic wastes to the liver

What is the main function of blood in maintaining body temperature?

Absorbing and distributing heat (correct)

Converting heat into energy

Producing heat through chemical reactions

Controlling external temperature

Which of the following is NOT a component of blood plasma?

Red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

In hemostasis, what are the three steps involved?

Vasoconstriction, Platelet plug formation, Coagulation Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the Rh factor is correct?

Rh-negative blood can safely receive Rh-positive blood. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

Gas transport Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structural features of erythrocytes facilitates efficient gas exchange?

They have a biconcave disc shape Signup and view all the answers

Why do erythrocytes lack mitochondria?

Both A and B Signup and view all the answers

Which structural protein contributes to the flexibility of erythrocytes, allowing them to pass through narrow capillaries?

Spectrin Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the erythrocyte volume (excluding water) is occupied by hemoglobin?

97% Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the synthesis of erythropoietin (EPO)?

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) accumulation Signup and view all the answers

Which organ mainly releases erythropoietin (EPO) into the bloodstream?

Kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What effect does testosterone have on erythropoiesis?

Enhances EPO production Signup and view all the answers

What are the causes of hypoxia that can result in increased EPO production?

Low oxygen levels Signup and view all the answers

How do high levels of oxygen in the blood affect EPO production?

Inhibit EPO production Signup and view all the answers

What leads to the maturation of erythrocytes faster?

High levels of EPO Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct sequence of erythrocyte development?

Hematopoietic stem cell → Myeloid stem cell → Proerythroblast → Basophilic erythroblast → Polychromatic erythroblast → Orthochromatic erythroblast → Reticulocyte Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about hematopoiesis?

It is the formation of all blood cells, including RBCs, white blood cells, and platelets. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of basophilic erythroblasts in erythropoiesis?

They synthesize many ribosomes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about orthochromatic erythroblasts?

Both A and C are correct. Signup and view all the answers

In which part of the body does erythropoiesis occur in adults?

Red bone marrow in the axial skeleton, girdles, and proximal epiphyses of humerus and femur Signup and view all the answers

What is the final stage of erythropoiesis before the cells enter the bloodstream?

Reticulocyte Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary stimulus that triggers increased erythropoiesis?

Decreased availability of O2 Signup and view all the answers

Where is the majority of iron found in the body?

In hemoglobin, making up 65% of the total iron Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO)?

To stimulate red bone marrow to produce more red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason that old red blood cells are destroyed?

They become fragile and can get trapped in small blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nutrients is NOT required for proper erythropoiesis?

Calcium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary fate of old, fragile red blood cells?

They are recycled and the iron is reused Signup and view all the answers