PN 1241 Chp. 17 Blood Structure & Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the plasma proteins and platelets in blood?

  • To maintain the pH balance of the blood
  • To transport oxygen and nutrients
  • To fight infection and destroy pathogens
  • To initiate clot formation and prevent blood loss (correct)

    • What percentage of the total blood volume is typically made up of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

  • 20-25%
  • 10-15%
  • 35-40%
  • 45-50% (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a formed element of blood?

  • Plasma (correct)
  • Platelets
  • Leukocytes
  • Erythrocytes

    • What is the normal range for the hematocrit (percent of blood volume that is red blood cells) in females?

    <p>42% ± 5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average blood volume for a male adult?

    <p>5-6 L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the white blood cells (leukocytes) in the blood?

    <p>To fight infection and destroy pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of erythrocytes?

    <p>Carry oxygen and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a structural characteristic of erythrocytes?

    <p>Contain mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the biconcave shape of erythrocytes important?

    <p>To provide a huge surface area for gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein provides flexibility to erythrocytes to pass through capillaries?

    <p>Spectrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does ATP production occur in erythrocytes?

    <p>Anaerobically as they lack mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of blood?

    <p>To serve as the life-sustaining transport vehicle of the cardiovascular system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

    <p>Maintaining normal blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two prime elements of blood?

    <p>Plasma and formed elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of blood plasma?

    <p>Red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in hemostasis?

    <p>Vascular spasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Rh factor?

    <p>A protein found on the surface of red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does hematopoiesis, the formation of all blood cells, occur?

    <p>Red bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of hormones and growth factors in hematopoiesis?

    <p>Push stem cells towards a specific blood cell development pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell transforms into a proerythroblast during erythropoiesis?

    <p>Myeloid stem cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of erythropoiesis synthesizes large amounts of red-hued hemoglobin?

    <p>Polychromatic erythroblast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which stage do cells appear just pink due to containing mostly hemoglobin?

    <p>Orthochromatic erythroblast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of blood cells still contain a small amount of ribosomes during their differentiation?

    <p>Reticulocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of erythropoietin in the life cycle of red blood cells?

    <p>To promote the production of new red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the breakdown of red blood cells is incorrect?

    <p>Globin is metabolized into glucose and lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final product formed from the breakdown of bilirubin in the intestines?

    <p>Stercobilin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of transferrin in the life cycle of red blood cells?

    <p>To bind and transport iron for use in erythropoiesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate lifespan of a red blood cell in the human body?

    <p>120 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a step in the life cycle of red blood cells?

    <p>Aged red blood cells are recycled and used for the production of new cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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