PN 1241 Chp. 17 Blood Structure & Function Quiz

What is the primary function of the plasma proteins and platelets in blood?

To maintain the pH balance of the blood
To transport oxygen and nutrients
To fight infection and destroy pathogens
To initiate clot formation and prevent blood loss (correct)

What percentage of the total blood volume is typically made up of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

20-25%
10-15%
35-40%
45-50% (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a formed element of blood?

Plasma (correct)
Platelets
Leukocytes
Erythrocytes

What is the normal range for the hematocrit (percent of blood volume that is red blood cells) in females?

42% ± 5% (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the average blood volume for a male adult?

5-6 L (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the white blood cells (leukocytes) in the blood?

To fight infection and destroy pathogens (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythrocytes?

Carry oxygen and carbon dioxide (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a structural characteristic of erythrocytes?

Contain mitochondria (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the biconcave shape of erythrocytes important?

To provide a huge surface area for gas exchange (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which protein provides flexibility to erythrocytes to pass through capillaries?

Spectrin (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does ATP production occur in erythrocytes?

Anaerobically as they lack mitochondria (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of blood?

To serve as the life-sustaining transport vehicle of the cardiovascular system (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

Maintaining normal blood pressure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two prime elements of blood?

Plasma and formed elements (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of blood plasma?

Red blood cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in hemostasis?

Vascular spasm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Rh factor?

A protein found on the surface of red blood cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where does hematopoiesis, the formation of all blood cells, occur?

Red bone marrow (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hormones and growth factors in hematopoiesis?

Push stem cells towards a specific blood cell development pathway (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell transforms into a proerythroblast during erythropoiesis?

Myeloid stem cell (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of erythropoiesis synthesizes large amounts of red-hued hemoglobin?

Polychromatic erythroblast (B) Signup and view all the answers

At which stage do cells appear just pink due to containing mostly hemoglobin?

Orthochromatic erythroblast (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood cells still contain a small amount of ribosomes during their differentiation?

Reticulocytes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythropoietin in the life cycle of red blood cells?

To promote the production of new red blood cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the breakdown of red blood cells is incorrect?

Globin is metabolized into glucose and lipids (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the final product formed from the breakdown of bilirubin in the intestines?

Stercobilin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of transferrin in the life cycle of red blood cells?

To bind and transport iron for use in erythropoiesis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate lifespan of a red blood cell in the human body?

120 days (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a step in the life cycle of red blood cells?

Aged red blood cells are recycled and used for the production of new cells (D) Signup and view all the answers