42 Questions
What is the primary function of cognitive processing in most cases?
To make actions adaptive and appropriate for the particular situation
What type of nerve fiber is responsible for providing information about both length and velocity?
Group Ia afferents
What is the function of Type A alpha nerve fibers?
Innervating extrafusal muscle fibers
What is the name of the specialized endings that wrap around the central portion of all three types of intrafusal fibers?
Annulospiral endings
What is the role of volition in motor control?
Initiating movement
What is the function of the golgi tendon organ?
Used by Ib nerve fibers
What is the term for the unconscious processing of sensory information to adapt to the physical characteristics of the body and muscles?
Compensation
What is the primary recipient of afferents to the basal ganglia?
Striatum
What is the term for the clustering of motor neurons in columnar, spinal nuclei?
Motor columns
Where do excitatory afferents to the basal ganglia arise from?
From the entire cerebral cortex and the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus
Which cortical areas project mainly to the putamen?
Primary motor cortex and primary somatosensory cortex
Which nucleus receives a large input from the limbic cortex?
Nucleus accumbens
What is the shape of the caudate nucleus?
C-shaped
Which cortical areas project primarily to the caudate?
Other cortical areas
What is the function of the basal ganglia in movements?
Execution of voluntary movements
What is the site of origin of the Medullary tract?
Medullary reticular formation
What is the main function of the striatum?
Receiving afferents from the cerebral cortex
Where do the axons of the Tectospinal tract terminate?
Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord
What is the function of the Medullary tract?
Initiates locomotor circuits and integrates sensory input
Where do the axons of the Anterior corticospinal tract cross over?
Contralateral side through the anterior white commissure
What is the site of origin of the Anterior corticospinal tract?
Primary motor cortex
What is the destination of the axons of the Medullary tract?
Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord
What is the function of the Tectospinal tract?
Involved in reflexive turning of the head to orient to visual stimuli
What is the site of crossover of the Tectospinal tract?
Midline
Which type of fibers do Group Ia afferents wrap around?
The central portion of all three types of intrafusal fibers
What type of endings do Group Ia afferents have?
Annulospiral endings
What type of information do Group Ia afferents provide?
Both muscle length and velocity
Which type of afferents signal information about muscle length only?
Group II afferents
What type of endings do Group II afferents have?
Flower spray endings
How does the firing rate of Group Ia afferents change during muscle stretch?
It increases rapidly during the stretch and remains high at the end of the stretch
How does the firing rate of Group II afferents change during muscle stretch?
It increases steadily as the muscle is stretched
What is the difference in the response of Group Ia and Group II afferents during muscle stretch?
Group Ia afferents respond to muscle velocity, while Group II afferents respond to muscle length
What is the primary function of the cerebellar deep nuclei?
Originating all outputs from the cerebellum
Which nuclear group is the most medially located?
Fastigial nuclei
What type of information is carried by cerebellar afferents that project to the fastigial nucleus?
Vestibular, proximal somatosensory, auditory, and visual information
Which nucleus projects to the contralateral red nucleus?
Dentate nucleus
What is the largest of the cerebellar nuclei?
Dentate nucleus
What is the outer layer of the cerebellum composed of?
Axons of granule cells and dendrites of Purkinje cells
What is the orientation of Purkinje cells?
Parallel to each other
What is the function of the pontine nuclei?
To transmit information from the cerebral cortex to the cerebellum
How many primary lobes of the cerebellum are there?
3
What is the term for the apical dendrites of Purkinje cells?
Large fan of finely branched processes
This quiz covers the classification and functions of nerve fibers, including physiologic classification and sensory nerve classification. It also explores the role of Group Ia afferents in providing information about muscle length and tension.
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