Physiological Psychology: Learning and Memory

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What do students often wish for during their academic careers?

A perfect memory (correct)

A perfect attendance

A perfect score on an exam

A perfect grade point average

What is a possibility of how human memory is stored in the brain?

It is distributed and stored in different regions (correct)

It is stored in one specific location

It is stored in different organs of the body

It is stored only in the left hemisphere of the brain

What is an issue important to many people, especially as they age?

How to improve learning

How to retain memory

How to acquire information

How to maintain and improve memory (correct)

How many central issues to learning and memory are discussed in this chapter?

Four Signup and view all the answers

What is compared to human memory in terms of storage?

A memory chip in a personal computer Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of this module?

Learning and memory retention Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of repeated exposure to a strong stimulus?

Sensitization Signup and view all the answers

Why do people experience exaggerated responses to movement, light, and noise after major disasters such as earthquakes?

Because of sensitization Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of classical conditioning?

To react more quickly to other sources of potential harm Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus?

A conditioned stimulus is learned, while an unconditioned stimulus is innate Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for behaviors that must be learned?

Conditioned responses Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for factors that are innate or unlearned?

Unconditioned Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between short-term and long-term memory?

The capacity of information storage Signup and view all the answers

What kind of memory allows you to recall basic knowledge of facts and language?

Semantic memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of declarative memories?

They can be easily described in words Signup and view all the answers

What type of memory stores information about motor skills and procedures?

Procedural memory Signup and view all the answers

What happens to information that does not move to the next stage for processing?

It is permanently lost Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical characteristic of recalling procedural memories?

Recalled unconsciously and implicitly Signup and view all the answers

What happens to blood flow in the brain as people age?

It decreases in some areas, but increases in others Signup and view all the answers

What does increased activity in certain areas of the brain suggest about aging?

The brain is reorganizing to compensate for age-related deficits Signup and view all the answers

What is dementia?

A loss of cognitive and behavioral abilities that interferes with daily life Signup and view all the answers

What is a common sign of dementia, but not the only one?

Memory loss Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common form of dementia in people over age 65?

Alzheimer's disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the chart mentioned in the text?

To show the differences between normal aging and Alzheimer's disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a technique for organizing notes?

Studying information in relation to three central themes Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of words is most closely related in terms of a semantic web?

Cat and tiger Signup and view all the answers

What type of memory involves recalling personal experiences and events?

Episodic memory Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between semantic and episodic memories?

Semantic memories are typically more emotional and episodic memories are more factual Signup and view all the answers

What term do neuroscience researchers use to describe the physical memory trace in the brain?

Engram Signup and view all the answers

Which situation does NOT describe the use of episodic memory?

Serena asked her teacher to name the capital of Mozambique Signup and view all the answers