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What is the primary limitation of a mercury thermometer?
What is the primary limitation of a mercury thermometer?
Which of the following thermometers is suggested as a solution to overcome the limitations of traditional thermometers?
Which of the following thermometers is suggested as a solution to overcome the limitations of traditional thermometers?
What physical principle does the constant-volume gas thermometer rely on?
What physical principle does the constant-volume gas thermometer rely on?
How was the gas thermometer initially calibrated?
How was the gas thermometer initially calibrated?
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During calibration, what does the height difference between the mercury levels in reservoirs indicate?
During calibration, what does the height difference between the mercury levels in reservoirs indicate?
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What feature is essential for a constant-volume gas thermometer to function correctly?
What feature is essential for a constant-volume gas thermometer to function correctly?
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What is indicated by the calibration curve created from the pressure and temperature values?
What is indicated by the calibration curve created from the pressure and temperature values?
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What is the boiling point of alcohol, making it unsuitable for certain measurements?
What is the boiling point of alcohol, making it unsuitable for certain measurements?
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What is the relationship between the Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature scales?
What is the relationship between the Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature scales?
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Which statement is true about the Kelvin scale compared to Celsius and Fahrenheit?
Which statement is true about the Kelvin scale compared to Celsius and Fahrenheit?
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At what temperature do Celsius and Fahrenheit scales show the same reading?
At what temperature do Celsius and Fahrenheit scales show the same reading?
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If a change in temperature is measured in Celsius, what is the correct approach to use when dealing with equations involving absolute temperature?
If a change in temperature is measured in Celsius, what is the correct approach to use when dealing with equations involving absolute temperature?
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What is the freezing point of water on the Rankin scale?
What is the freezing point of water on the Rankin scale?
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What is the equation used to find the relationship between changes in temperature on Celsius, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit scales?
What is the equation used to find the relationship between changes in temperature on Celsius, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit scales?
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How is the boiling point of water expressed on the Kelvin scale?
How is the boiling point of water expressed on the Kelvin scale?
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What is the relationship between the temperature readings on the Celsius and Rankin scales when calibrated in a bath of fixed temperature?
What is the relationship between the temperature readings on the Celsius and Rankin scales when calibrated in a bath of fixed temperature?
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Which physical property is primarily used in the functioning of a common thermometer?
Which physical property is primarily used in the functioning of a common thermometer?
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What temperature is defined as the ice point of water on the Celsius scale?
What temperature is defined as the ice point of water on the Celsius scale?
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Why might there be discrepancies between different types of thermometers at temperatures away from the calibration points?
Why might there be discrepancies between different types of thermometers at temperatures away from the calibration points?
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What is the significance of dividing the length of the liquid column into 100 segments in the Celsius scale?
What is the significance of dividing the length of the liquid column into 100 segments in the Celsius scale?
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Which natural system is used for calibrating thermometers at the freezing point?
Which natural system is used for calibrating thermometers at the freezing point?
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What is the equivalent temperature in Kelvin when the temperature is -183°C?
What is the equivalent temperature in Kelvin when the temperature is -183°C?
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At what temperature do the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales coincide?
At what temperature do the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales coincide?
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What happens to the mercury in a thermometer when it is heated?
What happens to the mercury in a thermometer when it is heated?
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Which temperature is defined as the steam point of water on the Celsius scale?
Which temperature is defined as the steam point of water on the Celsius scale?
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For the temperature of the surface of the sun, what is the Rankine equivalent of 6500°C?
For the temperature of the surface of the sun, what is the Rankine equivalent of 6500°C?
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What is the temperature in degrees Celsius when the temperature is 50°F?
What is the temperature in degrees Celsius when the temperature is 50°F?
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What physical property is least likely to change significantly with temperature?
What physical property is least likely to change significantly with temperature?
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What is the correct difference in temperature when warming water from 25°C to 80°C on the Kelvin scale?
What is the correct difference in temperature when warming water from 25°C to 80°C on the Kelvin scale?
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Which statement about the relationship between Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales is accurate?
Which statement about the relationship between Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales is accurate?
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Which of the following pairs represents two materials, one of which is twice as hot as the other?
Which of the following pairs represents two materials, one of which is twice as hot as the other?
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What is the equivalent temperature in Rankine when the boiling point of liquid oxygen is -183°C?
What is the equivalent temperature in Rankine when the boiling point of liquid oxygen is -183°C?
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What is the equivalent change in temperature from Celsius to Kelvin for a temperature change of 55 degrees Celsius?
What is the equivalent change in temperature from Celsius to Kelvin for a temperature change of 55 degrees Celsius?
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From the equations provided, which constant can be neglected when calculating the resistance of the platinum wire?
From the equations provided, which constant can be neglected when calculating the resistance of the platinum wire?
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How is the resistance at the boiling point of water represented in the equations?
How is the resistance at the boiling point of water represented in the equations?
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In the equation Rt = R0(1 + αt), what does 't' represent?
In the equation Rt = R0(1 + αt), what does 't' represent?
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What is the relationship established in the equation Rt - R0 = R0αt?
What is the relationship established in the equation Rt - R0 = R0αt?
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Which apparatus is specifically modified to measure the change in resistance with temperature?
Which apparatus is specifically modified to measure the change in resistance with temperature?
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What is the purpose of connecting the platinum wire in one of the arms of the bridge in a Calendar and Griffiths bridge?
What is the purpose of connecting the platinum wire in one of the arms of the bridge in a Calendar and Griffiths bridge?
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In the context of the resistance of a wire, what does 'S' stand for in the equation S = R/L?
In the context of the resistance of a wire, what does 'S' stand for in the equation S = R/L?
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What causes the surfaces of roadways on bridges to buckle on hot days?
What causes the surfaces of roadways on bridges to buckle on hot days?
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In the context of thermal expansion, what does the average coefficient of linear expansion (α) represent?
In the context of thermal expansion, what does the average coefficient of linear expansion (α) represent?
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Which of the following equations represents the relationship of linear expansion with respect to temperature change?
Which of the following equations represents the relationship of linear expansion with respect to temperature change?
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What can result from the lack of thermal expansion joints in a structure?
What can result from the lack of thermal expansion joints in a structure?
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If an object has an initial length $Li$ and experiences a temperature change of $ΔT$, which expression defines the change in length?
If an object has an initial length $Li$ and experiences a temperature change of $ΔT$, which expression defines the change in length?
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How does the expansion of a cavity in a solid material during thermal expansion behave?
How does the expansion of a cavity in a solid material during thermal expansion behave?
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What happens to the dimensions of a homogeneous metal washer when it is heated?
What happens to the dimensions of a homogeneous metal washer when it is heated?
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In the equation $Lf - Li = αLi(Tf - Ti)$, what do $Tf$ and $Ti$ represent?
In the equation $Lf - Li = αLi(Tf - Ti)$, what do $Tf$ and $Ti$ represent?
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Study Notes
Chapter 1: Thermometry and Thermal Expansion
- Temperature: Subjective feeling of hot or cold; unreliable. Quantitative measurement needed for accurate temperature determination.
- Thermometers: Devices for measuring relative hotness/coldness of objects. Different physical properties of a substance change with temperature, allowing for measurement.
- Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics: If objects A and B are separately in thermal equilibrium with a third object C, then A and B are in thermal equilibrium with each other. This defines temperature.
- Thermal Contact: Objects interacting with each other but not the environment.
- Thermal Equilibrium: No exchange of energy by heat or radiation if objects are in thermal contact.
- Temperature Scales: Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin scales. Key points are ice point and steam point for water.
- Kelvin Scale: Based on absolute zero; degree size identical to Celsius. Conversion T = Tc+273.15
- Celsius Scale: 0°C is the ice point and 100°C is the steam point of water. Conversion: Tc = T – 273.15
- Fahrenheit Scale: 32°F is the ice point and 212°F is the steam point of water
- Thermometer types: Liquid-in-glass, constant-volume gas, and others (platinum resistance thermometer). Properties may include changes in volume of liquid, dimensions of solids , pressure of a gas at constant volume ,etc.
- Thermal Expansion: Change in the dimensions of a substance with temperature, due to atomic vibrations. This affects solids, liquids, and gases. Coeffient of linear (a) and volume expansion (β) are used in calculations.
- Bimetallic Strips: Two metals with different expansion coefficients bonded together. Used in thermostats. Materials can bend in response to changes in temperature.
- Ideal gas law: PV=nRT. Relationship between pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles.
Constant-Volume Gas Thermometer
- Constant Volume Gas Thermometers: The constant-volume gas thermometer is more accurate than other thermometers, as measurements are independent of the substance.
- Zero Point: -273.15 °C, representing the absence of molecular motion, considered absolute zero, corresponding to 0 K on the Kelvin scale.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of thermometry and thermal expansion in this quiz. Understand the principles behind temperature measurement, thermometers, and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics, as well as the different temperature scales. Test your knowledge on thermal contact and equilibrium.
