Thermal Expension, Thermometry
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for thermal expansion in solids?

  • Increase in amplitude of vibration of atoms with temperature (correct)
  • Decrease in potential energy of atoms with temperature
  • Increase in intermolecular force with temperature
  • Decrease in average distance between atoms with temperature
  • What type of thermal expansion is exhibited by liquids and gases?

  • Superficial expansion
  • Linear expansion
  • Two-dimensional expansion
  • Volume expansion (correct)
  • What is the unit of the coefficient of linear expansion?

  • m°C
  • m/°C
  • °C
  • /°C (correct)
  • What is the reason for minimum thermal expansion in solids?

    <p>Maximum intermolecular force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the coefficients of linear, superficial, and volume expansions?

    <p>α = β = γ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the coefficient of volume expansion of a substance?

    <p>The change in volume per unit original volume per unit change in temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the coefficients of linear expansion and volume expansion for anisotropic solids?

    <p>γ = αx + αy + αz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of coefficient of linear expansion?

    <p>K^-1 or (°C)^-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the density of a substance when it is heated?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of designing a physical instrument with a constant difference in length of 10 cm between an iron rod and a copper cylinder?

    <p>To ensure that the instrument remains stable at all temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason behind leaving space between the ends of two rails when laid down on the ground?

    <p>To allow for expansion during summer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are test tubes, beakers and crucibles often made of pyrex-glass or silica?

    <p>Because they have low coefficient of linear expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason behind using invar alloy for making pendulum of wall clock and balance wheel of wrist watch?

    <p>Because it has a low coefficient of expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of thermal expansion on the hollow sphere?

    <p>The expansion of the hollow sphere is equal to that of a solid sphere of the same radius and material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the iron rim to be put on a cart wheel made of slightly smaller diameter than that of the wheel?

    <p>To allow for thermal expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the specific heat of a solid and the slope of its temperature-time curve?

    <p>It is inversely proportional to the slope of the temperature-time curve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the region where the temperature of a substance is constant, what is happening to the substance?

    <p>The substance is undergoing a change of state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For anisotropic solids, the coefficient of volume expansion γ is equal to:

    <p>αx + αy + αz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the latent heat of fusion and the length of the line of zero slope on a temperature-time curve?

    <p>The latent heat of fusion is directly proportional to the length of the line of zero slope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A thermometer is designed to have a constant difference in length of 10 cm between an iron rod and a copper cylinder laid side by side at all temperatures. If αFe = 11 × 10^-6°C^-1 and αCu = 17 × 10^-6°C^-1, what are the lengths of the iron rod and copper cylinder?

    <p>23.8 cm, 13.8 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The density of a substance decreases with an increase in temperature due to:

    <p>increase in volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific heat of a substance in the region where its temperature is changing?

    <p>It is inversely proportional to the slope of the temperature-time curve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The binomial theorem is used to simplify the expression for the density of a substance at a given temperature, which is:

    <p>ρ = ρ(1 - γΔT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the state of a substance in the region where its temperature is constant and its specific heat is infinite?

    <p>It is partly solid and partly liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Isotropic solids have a coefficient of volume expansion that is:

    <p>three times the coefficient of linear expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason behind the independence of the expansion of a body's area or volume from the shape and size of the hole or cavity?

    <p>The thermal expansion of isotropic solids is similar to true photographic enlargement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the rise in temperature of a hollow sphere more than that of a solid sphere of the same material when heated to the same temperature?

    <p>Due to the lesser mass of the hollow sphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason behind the use of pyrex-glass or silica for making test tubes, beakers, and crucibles?

    <p>They have a low coefficient of linear expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are transmission cables not tightly fixed to the poles?

    <p>To prevent the cable from being damaged due to thermal expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using invar alloy for making pendulum of wall clock and balance wheel of wrist watch?

    <p>It has a low coefficient of linear expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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