Professional Issues Mid term review

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Questions and Answers

Which organization is responsible for accrediting entry-level physical therapist and physical therapist assistant education programs?

National Physical Therapy Association

Commission on Physical Therapy Education

Council for Higher Education Accreditation

Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (correct)

What is one primary mission of the Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy?

To organize continuing education courses for practitioners

To enforce local facility policies in physical therapy

To promote public protection through laws and regulatory standards (correct)

To develop standardized tests for physical therapy students

Which of the following is NOT one of the APTA Core Values?

Professional Competence (correct)

Integrity

Compassion and Caring

Altruism

Which entity provides the laws that govern the practice of physical therapy at the state level?

State Board and Practice Acts Signup and view all the answers

How does the Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy ensure the reliability of the NPTE exams?

By ensuring ongoing excellence and validity Signup and view all the answers

What is a focus area of the Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy related to education?

Providing educational programs and products for stakeholders Signup and view all the answers

Which federal regulations impact the practice of physical therapy?

Medicare, ADA, and HIPAA Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education play?

Accredits physical therapy education programs Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of majorly depressed patients are estimated to commit suicide?

15% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following communication techniques is recommended for effectively engaging with a depressed patient?

Employing open-ended questions followed by closed-ended questions Signup and view all the answers

In assessing for serious pathology, which of the following symptoms could suggest a need for a medical referral?

Unexplained weight change Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a red flag symptom that may indicate an urgent medical condition?

Dizziness/syncope Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately encapsulates the communication pearls when interacting with patients?

Use the patient's words and avoid assumptions. Signup and view all the answers

What is required for direct supervision of a student physical therapist assistant?

The physical therapist must be physically present and immediately available. Signup and view all the answers

Under Medicare, what type of supervision is required for physical therapist assistants in private practice?

Direct supervision Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes direct personal supervision from direct supervision?

Direct personal supervision is specifically for supervising physical therapy aides. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding supervision by state law compared to Medicare requirements?

State laws may require more stringent supervision than Medicare. Signup and view all the answers

What condition invalidates the requirement for direct supervision?

Use of electronic communication. Signup and view all the answers

What does general supervision entail for physical therapist assistants under Medicare?

The physical therapist can be on call but not necessarily present. Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial responsibility of the physical therapist during direct personal supervision?

To always maintain physical presence during patient management. Signup and view all the answers

In which situation is direct supervision required according to the content?

Supervision during the administration of therapy services in private practices. Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a requirement of direct supervision?

Use of electronic devices for communication. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an organization's policies?

To establish principles that influence decision-making Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes 'procedures' in the context of organizational policies?

Methods for executing policies in daily operations Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the State Practice Act, what is meant by 'Scope of Practice'?

The legal boundaries within which a practitioner is allowed to operate Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is specifically NOT included under 'Scope of Practice' according to the provided content?

Personnel Evaluations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key component of maintaining compliance with policies?

Conducting regular equipment maintenance and calibration Signup and view all the answers

What role does a Jurisprudence Exam play in professional practice?

Evaluates understanding of legal and ethical practice Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant feature of the 'Direct Access' aspect of Scope of Practice?

Patients can seek care from practitioners without a referral Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of continuing education requirements for practitioners?

To maintain professional accountability and knowledge Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following practices is essential under the concept of Emergency Response in organizational procedures?

Training staff for disaster preparedness Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'professional accountability' imply within the context of health care practice?

The obligation to ensure safe and competent practice Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is not included in the APTA Standards of Practice for physical therapy?

Legal Liability Signup and view all the answers

What is one responsibility of physical therapists concerning the services provided by physical therapist assistants (PTAs)?

Overseeing the services provided by PTAs Signup and view all the answers

Which subject is a core component of PTA education according to the provided content?

Exercise Physiology Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is inaccurate regarding the scope of practice of PTAs?

PTAs can perform evaluations independently. Signup and view all the answers

According to the APTA Code of Ethics, which of the following is emphasized for physical therapists?

Providing patient-centered care Signup and view all the answers

Which responsibility is not typically associated with PTAs in patient care?

Designing new clinical assessments Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical responsibility is highlighted in the APTA Guide for Professional Conduct?

Advocating for access to care Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following areas does the APTA Code of Ethics cover?

Research integrity Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the APTA Standards of Practice?

Quality care and professional responsibilities Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the PTA's role in treatment planning?

PTAs implement interventions designed by PTs Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Governing Entities

National: The US Department of Education (USDE) and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) accredit entry-level physical therapist and physical therapist assistant education programs.
Local: Facility policies and procedures.
State: State Board/Practice Acts govern the legal practice of PT.
Federal: Medicare, ADA, HIPAA.

CAPTE

The only accreditation agency recognized by the USDE and CHEA to accredit entry-level physical therapist and physical therapist assistant education programs.
Establishes baseline educational standards for PT/PTA education programs.

FSBPT - Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy

Mission is to protect the public by promoting safe and competent physical therapy practice.
Vision is to achieve a high level of public protection through strong laws and regulatory standards.
Focus areas include:
- Examinations: Ensure the ongoing excellence, reliability, defensibility, security and validity of the NPTE® and related examinations.
- Membership: Enhance the Federation's value to its membership by developing and maintaining programs and services responsive to membership needs.
- States' Rights, States' Responsibilities and Professional Standards: Identify and promote effective regulation in physical therapy that ensures the delivery of safe and competent physical therapy care, while respecting states’ rights and responsibilities.
- Education: Provide and promote educational programs and products for board members, administrators, the public and other stakeholders.
- Leadership: To broaden the Federation's leadership role and recognition within the regulatory, professional and related communities.
- Organizational and Financial Stability: Ensure the long-term organizational and financial stability and viability of the Federation.

Other Elements

Local/Facility/Employer Policies and Procedures:
- Policies: Principles, rules, and guidelines formulated or adopted by an organization to reach its long-term goals.
- Procedures: Methods used to put policies into action in day-to-day operations.
- Examples: Equipment Maintenance and Calibration, Personnel Evaluations, Emergency Response, Documentation.

State Practice Act and State Board

Governs the legal practice of PT in that jurisdiction.
Defines the Scope of Practice. Examples: Direct Access, Manipulation, Dry Needling, Diagnostic Imaging, Supervision.
Jurisprudence Exam/Education is required to assess a practitioner's understanding of the law.

APTA

Code of Ethics: Ethical principles that guide the profession.
Ethical and Legal standards are defined by the APTA in their Standards of Practice.
Guide for Professional Conduct: Offers practical guidance on ethical behavior.
Standards of Practice: Cover ethical and legal conduct, administration of physical therapy services, patient/client management, education, research, advocacy, and community responsibility.
Guide to Physical Therapist Practice (aka “The Guide”): provides guidance on best practice techniques and clinical decision-making.

PTA Education and Scope of Work

PTA coursework includes Anatomy & Physiology, Exercise Physiology, Therapeutic Exercise, Biomechanics/Kinesiology, Neuroscience, Musculoskeletal, Integumentary, Cardiopulmonary, Behavioral sciences, Communication, and Professional issues/Ethics/Values.
The PTA implements components of patient care, obtains data related to the treatments provided, and collaborates with the PT to modify care as necessary.
The PTA is not permitted to perform evaluations, assessment procedures, or certain complex procedures.
The PT is responsible for all the services provided by the PTA.
PTAs do not have an independent “scope of practice”.

Types of Supervision

Direct Supervision: Applies to the supervision of student physical therapists and student physical therapist assistants. The physical therapist, or the physical therapist assistant when supervising a student physical therapist assistant, is physically present and immediately available for direction and supervision. Direct contact with the patient/client required for each visit. Telecommunications DO NOT meet the requirements of direct supervision.
Direct Personal Supervision: Applies to supervision of a physical therapy aide. The physical therapist, or where allowable by law the physical therapist assistant, is physically present and immediately available to direct and supervise tasks that are related to patient/and client management services. The direction and supervision is continuous throughout the time these tasks are performed. Telecommunications DO NOT meet the requirements of direct personal supervision.

Supervision by Payer

Medicare: Requires that a physical therapist must supervise physical therapist assistants. Level and frequency of supervision differs by setting (and by state or local law). General supervision is required for PTAs in all settings except private practice, which requires direct supervision.

The Depressed Patient

May have impaired concentration.
May be unable to participate productively in a clinic visit.
Approximately 15% of majorly depressed patients commit suicide with hopelessness being a common contributor.
"Are you considering harming yourself or taking your life?" Ask this question if you suspect the patient may be suicidal. Follow up with questions about plans and available resources to carry out their plan if they answer "yes".

Communication Pearls

Use Open-ended to closed-ended questions (funnel).
Use the patient's words.
Avoid assumptions and clarify statements.
Use parallel thought.
Avoid jargon.
Ask one question at a time.
Use slow and deliberate questions.
Use brief questions.

Special Questions/Review of Systems

Determine the patient's General Health.
Screen for disease through questionnaires.
Ask about Medications.
Note any Unexplained weight change.
Ask about Bowel or bladder changes.
Ask about Fevers, chills, night sweats.
Ask about Dizziness/syncope.
Differentiate between Red flags and Yellow flags.

Take Home Points:

Patient history assists in determining the type and vigor of the physical therapy examination.
Patient history may help to clarify or determine a more serious pathology.
Red flags:
- Weight loss may indicate Cancer.
- Fevers may indicate Infection.
- Night sweats may indicate Tuberculosis.
- Bowel or bladder changes may indicate Spinal Cord or Cauda Equina problems.
These significant findings require medical referral.

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Description

This quiz covers the governing entities involved in physical therapist and assistant education programs, including accreditation and regulatory standards. You will learn about the roles of the US Department of Education, CAPTE, and the Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy in ensuring high-quality education and practice standards.