138 Questions
If Rachel, the 8-year-old patient, needs a Hepatitis A vaccine, which of the following options would be appropriate based on her age?
Twinrix
In the given scenario, if Rachel needed a Varicella vaccine, which of the following options would be suitable for her age group?
Varivax
Considering Rachel's vaccination status, if she needed an RSV vaccine, which of the following options could be administered to her?
Synagis
In the context of Rachel's case, if she required a Zoster vaccine, which of the following options should not be considered appropriate for her age group?
Zostavax
If Rachel were to require an Influenza vaccine, which of the following options would be appropriate for her age group?
Fluad
Which of the following is NOT a type of vaccine mentioned in the text?
RSVax: Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine
Who was authorized to provide COVID-19 countermeasures and routine childhood vaccinations?
Pharmacy interns
Which type of vaccine is covered by the PREP Act according to the text?
Inactivated MenQuadfi: Men ACWY
Who can immunize COVID-19 vaccines across state lines, based on the text?
Retired providers
Which type of vaccines are included in the seasonal influenza vaccines covered under the PREP Act?
Influenza strains
Which type of influenza vaccine is adjuvanted, making it suitable for older adults?
High-dose inactivated Quadrivalent (HD-IIV4)
For which risk group is it recommended to wait up to 90 days after COVID-19 infection before getting vaccinated?
Moderately or severely Immunocompromised Individuals
Which vaccine is specifically recommended for infants and young children at risk of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)?
PCV15
Which type of vaccine is recommended for immunocompetent adults age 50 years and older to prevent Varicella?
Live attenuated virus vaccine
Which type of vaccine is recommended for all children aged 1 to 2 years old to prevent Hepatitis A?
Brands interchangeable Havrix or Vaqta
Who can administer all vaccines on the CDC recommended immunization schedule for children 7-18 years old in Texas?
Pharmacists
Which healthcare professional can only administer the flu vaccine to individuals aged 7 years and up in Texas?
Pharmacy technicians
According to the PREP Act, who is authorized to administer flu and COVID vaccines until December 2024?
Certified pharmacy technicians
Which healthcare professional is mandated to provide hepatitis B vaccine to employees with potential risk according to OSHA?
Pharmacy technicians
Who is required to document safety device evaluations according to OSHA guidelines?
Pharmacists
Which type of immunity is provided by a flu vaccine?
Acquired immunity
What is a common feature of live attenuated vaccines?
They must replicate to work
Why are adjuvants added to vaccines?
To enhance the immune response
What is the minimum dosing interval required for 2 live vaccines that are not given simultaneously?
28 days
What is the main role of T-cells in the immune response triggered by a vaccine?
Formation of memory cells
What is considered 'on time' for vaccine administration according to ACIP?
Within 4 days of the minimum interval
What is the purpose of a grace period in vaccine administration?
To refer to a period outside the stated interval
What is the primary function of antibodies produced in response to a vaccine?
Destroy antigens
Which type of vaccine contains weakened live viruses?
Live attenuated vaccine
In the context of vaccine response, what do memory B cells and T cells help with?
Providing long-term immunity
What does a precaution regarding vaccines signify?
The vaccine may be administered if the benefit outweighs the risk
In the context of medical management of reactions, what is the recommended action if a reaction occurs?
Call 911 immediately
Who can determine that it is not safe for a student to receive a certain vaccine?
A healthcare provider
What is required for a vaccine exemption in Texas?
Personal belief against immunization
Which type of vaccine exemption requires documentation from a physician?
Religious exemption
When is a vaccine considered contraindicated?
When a healthcare provider advises against it
What should be done if a student requires an influenza vaccine?
Check the student's medical history first
What does a Texas exemption law allow regarding vaccination?
Exemption due to personal or religious belief
How long is a vaccine exemption valid under Texas law?
1 year
In the United States military, what may qualify an individual for a vaccine exemption?
Religious or personal belief against immunization
Which vaccine is specifically recommended for all adolescents who have not been previously vaccinated against Hepatitis B?
PreHevbrio
For which disease is the Live, attenuated vaccine M-M-R II commonly used?
Measles, Mumps, & Rubella
Which vaccine is recommended for adults if risk factors are present or if immunity against Hepatitis A is desired?
Havrix or Vaqta
Which vaccine type is commonly used to protect against tetanus and diphtheria but does not include protection against pertussis?
DT
Which of the following vaccines is a Protein-based type used to prevent COVID-19?
Novavax
Which vaccine is NOT suitable for individuals recovering from acute COVID-19 illness and may require waiting up to 90 days after infection before vaccination?
[LAIV4]
Which of the following vaccines is most commonly recommended for adults over age 60 who wish to protect themselves against Hepatitis B?
PreHevbrio: Recombinant 3 antigen with alum adjuvant (adults only)
What is the primary role of the Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness (PREP) Act as described in the text?
To provide immunity from liability in emergencies
Who is eligible for Menveo vaccine according to the information provided?
Persons with complement deficiencies
Under the PREP Act, what is the significance of the immunity granted during emergency declarations?
It provides legal protection from liability
Which vaccine is specifically recommended for those exposed during outbreaks of disease?
Men B
Who was authorized to provide several COVID-19 countermeasures and routine childhood vaccinations under earlier declarations?
Pharmacy technicians
Which vaccine type is specifically designed to protect against HPV high-risk types, such as 16 and 18?
9vHPV: Inactivated Recombinant
Which age group is recommended for Penbraya vaccine, based on the information provided?
50 years and older
Which healthcare professionals were authorized to provide COVID-19 tests and other countermeasures under the PREP Act before December 2024?
Pharmacists
'MenQuadfi' vaccine is recommended for which individuals according to the text?
'Those exposed during outbreaks of disease'
Which type of vaccine does not replicate because they are not live?
Inactivated vaccines
What is the purpose of adding adjuvants to vaccines?
To enhance the immune response
What is the minimum dosing interval required for administering two live vaccines that are not given simultaneously?
28 days
In the context of vaccination, what is a grace period referring to?
The period outside of the stated minimum interval
What does it mean when ACIP counts 'on time' as within 4 days of the minimum interval?
Administering vaccines after 4 days is considered late
What is the difference between contraindications and precautions when screening patients for vaccination?
Precautions are less serious than contraindications
Which type of vaccine requires a minimum interval of 2 weeks before being administered with blood products?
Live vaccines
'Stick to the stated interval' applies specifically to which type of vaccine based on the text?
Live vaccines
What is the primary difference between a contraindication and a precaution when it comes to vaccine administration?
Contraindications always prohibit vaccine administration, while precautions allow it under specific circumstances.
What is a common requirement for obtaining a vaccine exemption in Texas?
Documentation proving a health care provider deems the vaccine unsafe for the individual.
In the context of medical management of reactions to vaccines, what is a crucial step to take if a reaction occurs?
Administer epinephrine if deemed necessary.
Who do the Texas exemption laws primarily apply to?
Individuals whose healthcare provider deems a certain vaccine unsafe for them.
What characteristic distinguishes a precaution regarding vaccines from a contraindication?
Precautions involve assessing risks and benefits before deciding on vaccine administration.
What must be considered before deciding whether to administer a vaccine under a precaution?
Whether the benefits of vaccination outweigh the potential risks.
What are the three conditions that must be met for a vaccine exemption under Texas law?
It must be deemed unsafe by a healthcare provider, require yearly renewal, and be based on religious or personal beliefs.
Under what circumstances would a precaution regarding vaccines come into play?
If an individual has previously experienced mild side effects after vaccination.
When administering a Hepatitis B vaccine to Rachel in Texas under normal law and without the PREP Act, what is the required protocol?
Obtain a physician's prescription for the vaccine
If Rachel were to need a Zoster vaccine, what would be the suitable options for her age group according to the text?
Shingrix and Zostavax
In the context of Hepatitis B vaccines, which of the following vaccines could Rachel receive based on her age?
Energix B
If Rachel needed a Varicella vaccine, which vaccine would be suitable for her age group?
Varivax
After administering the second dose of MMR to Rachel, how long must the vaccination record be kept?
For the lifetime of the patient
If Rachel required an RSV vaccine based on her vaccination status, which vaccine could be administered?
Synagis
Which healthcare professional is mandated to provide hepatitis B vaccine to employees with potential risk according to OSHA guidelines?
Physician
What type of immunity is provided by a flu vaccine according to the text?
Passive immunity
The COVID-19 vaccine is recommended for all individuals, regardless of their immunocompetency status.
False
The RSV vaccine is primarily recommended for adults aged over 65 years with no underlying conditions.
False
The MMR vaccine is only recommended for adults born before 1957 who have not been vaccinated previously.
False
The Tdap vaccine should not be given to pregnant women.
False
The Hepatitis B vaccine is only recommended for infants and adolescents, excluding adults over the age of 60.
False
The HPV vaccine is not specifically recommended for individuals aged 27-45 years.
False
The Varicella vaccine is typically not suitable for immunocompromised adults over 19 years of age.
False
The Influenza vaccine does not target any specific risk groups; it is universally recommended.
False
Persons with complement deficiencies should not receive Menveo vaccine
False
MenQuadfi vaccine is suitable for those exposed during outbreaks of disease
False
Trumenba vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine
False
Penbraya vaccine is only recommended for adults over the age of 60 years
False
Men Bexsero vaccine is suitable for microbiologists
True
PREP Act allows pharmacists to provide seasonal influenza vaccines but not COVID-19 tests
False
HHS requirements under the PREP Act include coverage for routine childhood vaccinations only
False
COVID-19 vaccines by retired providers across state lines can be administered until December 2025
False
Live attenuated vaccines replicate to work, mimicking natural infection to stimulate an immune response.
True
Inactivated vaccines replicate because they are live and may contain adjuvants to enhance immune response.
False
Adjuvants in vaccines are added to weaken the body's immunity against the antigen in the vaccine.
False
The grace period refers to the period outside of the stated minimum interval for administering vaccines.
False
ACIP counts 'on time' as within 2 days of the minimum interval for administering live vaccines.
False
In the COVID-19 vaccine-era, grace periods and minimum intervals have become simpler and more straightforward.
False
Screening patients for contraindications involves identifying conditions that absolutely prevent vaccine administration.
True
Inactivated vaccines have a shorter dosing interval requirement compared to live vaccines.
False
A precaution allows a vaccine to be administered regardless of the risk involved.
False
In the United States military, religious beliefs against immunization do not qualify for a vaccine exemption.
True
According to Texas exemption laws, a healthcare provider can determine it is unsafe for a student to receive a certain vaccine without documentation from a physician.
False
Vaccine schedules detail different types of vaccine administration but do not touch upon record-keeping requirements.
False
Consent forms for vaccines do not need to include specific information as long as consent is provided.
False
Documenting events related to vaccine administration is not necessary for proper medical management.
False
Texas exemption laws apply to both students and employees who need an exemption from immunization.
False
Administering epinephrine is recommended if a reaction occurs during vaccination, regardless of the severity of the reaction.
False
Pharmacists in Texas can administer all vaccines on the CDC recommended immunization schedule for children 7-18 years old.
True
According to the information provided, pharmacy technicians in Texas are currently authorized to administer flu and COVID-19 vaccines without any restrictions until December 2024.
False
Under the PREP Act, certified pharmacy technicians in Texas can administer all vaccines listed on the CDC recommended immunization schedule for children.
False
The Emergency precautions under OSHA requirements do not mandate specific protocols for handling bloodborne pathogens during vaccine administration.
False
Pharmacists in Texas are not required to provide hepatitis B vaccines to employees at risk according to OSHA guidelines.
False
The PREP Act does not require documentation of safety device evaluation when administering vaccines.
False
OSHA guidelines do not require annual training with updates for pharmacists and pharmacy technicians when administering vaccines.
False
Pharmacy technicians in Texas can administer all vaccines on the CDC recommended immunization schedule for children 14 years and older.
False
What is a requirement for a Texas exemption law regarding vaccinations?
Needs documentation from a healthcare provider
Who is eligible for exemptions under Texas exemption laws?
Students with personal belief against immunization
What is the validity period for an exemption under Texas law?
One year
What distinguishes Texas exemption laws from employer-required immunization exemptions?
Based on employer's discretion
Which group is specifically excluded from Texas exemption laws?
Employees seeking exemptions for employer-required immunization
Under Texas exemption laws, who can determine if a student should be exempt from a vaccine?
Healthcare provider
Can pharmacists in Texas administer all CDC recommended vaccines to children 7-18 years old under the standing order or protocol?
No, only flu vaccine to 7 years and up, and rest of vaccines to 14 years and up
Who is authorized to administer flu and COVID-19 vaccines in Texas under the PREP Act until December 2024?
Certified pharmacy technicians and pharmacy interns
Which of the following is a requirement for protocols or prescriptions for administering vaccines in Texas?
Qualifications of the person administering vaccines
According to Texas laws, what authorization is required for pharmacy technicians to administer vaccines?
Physician authorization
Which of the following is NOT a requirement under OSHA's bloodborne pathogen regulations for administering vaccines?
Providing hepatitis B vaccine to employees
In Texas, what must be covered in the standing order/protocol for administering vaccines?
Vaccine(s) covered in the order/protocol
When applying for a vaccine exemption in Texas, what documentation is required according to the text?
A physician's written documentation
Under Texas exemption laws, who is authorized to determine that it is unsafe for a student to receive a certain vaccine?
Physician
If seeking a vaccine exemption in Texas, what role does a healthcare provider play?
Determining safety concerns
Which entity is responsible for ensuring compliance with Texas exemption laws regarding vaccines?
State health department
What action should be taken if a student requires a vaccine exemption in Texas?
Submitting documentation to a physician
Under Texas exemption laws, what is the primary factor in determining if an individual qualifies for a vaccine exemption?
Medical condition
Prepare for the PHM 180 cumulative exam focusing on vaccine-preventable diseases. The exam will cover topics like childhood and adult immunization schedules, risk groups, types of vaccines, and diseases such as influenza. Be ready for multiple choice and True/False questions along with case scenarios.
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