Phlebotomy Essentials 7th Edition Chapter 3

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Questions and Answers

What are airborne precautions used for?

To reduce the risk of infection from pathogens in airborne droplet nuclei (correct)

To prevent contact transmission

To treat infections

To isolate infectious waste

What does asepsis mean?

Condition of being free of pathogenic microbes

What is the aseptic technique?

Healthcare practice used to reduce the chance of microbial contamination

What does BBP stand for?

Bloodborne pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of biohazard?

Anything potentially harmful to health (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does biosafety involve?

Taking precautions when handling biological substances that pose health risks Signup and view all the answers

What common infection does Clostridium difficile cause?

Diarrhea in healthcare settings Signup and view all the answers

What does CDC stand for?

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Signup and view all the answers

Define the chain of infection.

A series of events that lead to infection Signup and view all the answers

What are contact precautions used for?

To reduce the risk of infection from direct contact with pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What do droplet precautions aim to prevent?

Infection from pathogens in droplets Signup and view all the answers

What are engineering controls?

Devices that isolate a workplace BBP hazard Signup and view all the answers

What does EPA stand for?

Environmental Protection Agency Signup and view all the answers

What are fomites?

Inanimate objects that can harbor material containing infectious agents Signup and view all the answers

What are HAIs?

Infections acquired in any healthcare setting Signup and view all the answers

What does HBV stand for?

Hepatitis B virus Signup and view all the answers

What does HCS refer to?

OSHA standard regarding hazardous chemicals Signup and view all the answers

What does HCV stand for?

Hepatitis C virus Signup and view all the answers

What is the virus that causes AIDS?

HIV Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to be immune?

Protected from a specific disease by antibodies Signup and view all the answers

What is an infectious/causative agent?

Pathogen responsible for causing an infection Signup and view all the answers

What are isolation procedures?

Procedures that separate patients with certain transmissible infections from others Signup and view all the answers

What is a microbe?

Short for microorganism Signup and view all the answers

What does MRSA stand for?

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to be neutropenic?

Having an abnormally low neutrophil count Signup and view all the answers

What is normal flora?

Nonpathogenic microbes normally present on the body Signup and view all the answers

What is a nosocomial infection?

Infection acquired in the hospital Signup and view all the answers

What does OSHA stand for?

Occupational Safety and Health Administration Signup and view all the answers

What does parenteral mean?

Any route other than the digestive tract Signup and view all the answers

What does pathogenic refer to?

Degree to which a microbe is capable of causing disease Signup and view all the answers

What are pathogens?

Microorganisms capable of causing disease Signup and view all the answers

What does percutaneous mean?

Through the skin Signup and view all the answers

What does permucosal mean?

Through mucous membranes Signup and view all the answers

What does PPE stand for?

Personal protective equipment Signup and view all the answers

What is protective/reverse isolation?

Protects a patient who is highly susceptible to infection Signup and view all the answers

What is a reservoir in infection control?

Source of an infectious microorganism Signup and view all the answers

What does SDS stand for?

Safety Data Sheet Signup and view all the answers

What are standard precautions?

Precautions to be used in caring for all patients Signup and view all the answers

What is a susceptible host?

Individual with little resistance to an infectious agent Signup and view all the answers

What are transmission-based precautions?

Precautions that reduce the risk of airborne, droplet, or contact transmission Signup and view all the answers

What does vector transmission refer to?

Transmission of an infectious agent by an insect, arthropod, or animal Signup and view all the answers

What does vehicle transmission mean?

Transmission of an infectious agent through contaminated food, water, drugs, or blood Signup and view all the answers

What is viability in relation to microbes?

Ability of a microbe to survive Signup and view all the answers

What does virulence mean?

Capable of causing disease Signup and view all the answers

What does VRE stand for?

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus Signup and view all the answers

What are work practice controls?

Practices that reduce the likelihood of BBP exposure Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Infection Control Terms

Airborne precautions: Measures to prevent infection from pathogens that may be present in the air as droplet nuclei.
Asepsis: The state of being free from pathogenic microbes, crucial for preventing infections.
Aseptic Technique: A method of practice in healthcare that minimizes the risk of microbial contamination.
BBP (Bloodborne pathogens): Infectious microorganisms present in blood and potentially other body fluids.

Safety and Hazard Terms

Biohazard: Refers to any biological material posing a risk to health.
Biosafety: Involves precautions taken when working with biological substances that could pose health risks.
Engineering controls: Devices designed to isolate or eliminate workplace hazards related to BBP.

Clostridium difficile: A significant cause of diarrhea in healthcare environments.
HAI (Healthcare-associated infection): Infections that patients acquire while receiving treatment for other conditions.
Nosocomial infection: Infections contracted specifically within a hospital setting.

Agencies and Regulations

CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention): Federal agency responsible for monitoring and controlling disease outbreaks.
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency): Agency that oversees regulations regarding hazardous waste disposal.
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration): Sets and enforces workplace safety standards.

Precautions and Practices

Contact precautions: Strategies to prevent infection transmission through direct contact with pathogens.
Droplet precautions: Measures aimed at reducing the risk of infection through respiratory droplets.
Standard precautions: Guidelines that must be followed when caring for all patients, regardless of their infection status.
Transmission-based precautions: Additional strategies for patients infected with particular pathogens, including those transmitted via airborne, droplet, or contact routes.

Microbiology and Pathology

Infectious/causative agent: Specific pathogens that cause infections, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
Pathogens: Microorganisms that are capable of causing disease in hosts.
Virulence: A measure of a microbe's ability to cause disease.

Patient and Host Considerations

Immune: Indicates protection against specific diseases due to the presence of antibodies.
Susceptible host: An individual with minimal resistance to infections, making them more vulnerable.
Protective/reverse isolation: A technique to protect at-risk patients from infections.

Transmission and Modes of Infection

Vector transmission: Infection spread by arthropods or animals that carry pathogens.
Vehicle transmission: Spread of infectious agents via contaminated food, water, drugs, or blood.
Reservoir: The natural habitat or host where infectious microorganisms thrive.

Miscellaneous Terms

Normal flora: Beneficial nonpathogenic microorganisms that inhabit the human body.
Formites: Non-living objects that can host infectious agents.
Neutropenic: A condition characterized by low neutrophil levels, elevating infection risk.

Precautionary Measures

PPE (Personal Protective Equipment): Gear designed to protect health workers from exposure to infectious agents.
Work practice controls: Procedures established to minimize the risk of BBP exposure in health facilities.

Additional Concepts

Viability: The capability of a microbe to survive in various environments.
Parenteral: Refers to routes of administration not involving the digestive tract.
Permucosal: Involves the passage of substances through mucous membranes.

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Description

Test your knowledge of vocabulary from Chapter 3 of Phlebotomy Essentials 7th edition. This quiz covers important terms and definitions related to infection control and aseptic techniques, making it essential for students in the healthcare field. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of key concepts in phlebotomy.