Phlebotomy Chapter 7 Review

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Questions and Answers

What does an antiglycolytic agent do?

Prevent the breakdown of glucose

This needle is the standard needle for routine venipuncture.

21 gauge

Which of the following tubes contains an anticoagulant that works by binding calcium?

Yellow top

Red top

Light Blue top (correct)

Green top

What is the purpose of a royal blue topped tube?

Minimize trace-element contamination Signup and view all the answers

Needles are color-coded according to:

Gauge Signup and view all the answers

EDTA is a (n):

Anticoagulant Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would be the best choice of equipment for drawing a small hand vein?

A 23-gauge butterfly and ETS holder Signup and view all the answers

Which anticoagulant prevents coagulation by inhibiting thrombin formation?

Heparin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances would be the best thing to use to disinfect a blood spill on a lab counter-top prior to cleanup?

A 1:10 solution of bleach Signup and view all the answers

A light blue topped tube is most often associated with tests in which department?

Coagulation Signup and view all the answers

What causes evacuated tubes to fill with blood automatically?

Premeasured tube vacuum Signup and view all the answers

When should additive tubes be mixed?

As soon as they are removed from the tube holder Signup and view all the answers

Which evacuated tube is suitable for blood culture collection?

Yellow - SPS Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following additives is not an anticoagulant?

Thrombin Signup and view all the answers

You are performing a vein puncture on a difficult vein using a butterfly. You have an SST (red/tiger top) and light blue topped tube to collect. How do you proceed?

Draw a clear (discard) tube, fill and mix the light blue top, then fill and mix the SST Signup and view all the answers

All of the following chemicals are used as antiseptics EXCEPT:

Formaldehyde Signup and view all the answers

The additive in the lavender tube is:

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Signup and view all the answers

According to the current CLSI/NCCLS guidelines, the correct order of draw when using the evacuated tube system is:

Blue, red, SST, green, lavender Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would compromise the quality of the specimen received for testing?

Partial filling of a sodium citrate tube Signup and view all the answers

Why should a multi-sample needle with a broken seal not be used to draw blood?

It is not sterile Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a desirable characteristic of a safety feature according to the FDA?

The safety feature device is an accessory and not attached Signup and view all the answers

Which evacuated tube must be filled to the correct level in order to maintain a 9:1 ratio of the blood to anticoagulant?

Light Blue Signup and view all the answers

Tourniquets contaminated with visible blood should be:

Disposed of in a biohazard bag Signup and view all the answers

What lab tests are performed using EDTA (lavender top tubes)?

CBC Signup and view all the answers

What lab tests are performed using light blue (sodium citrate)?

PT/INR Signup and view all the answers

Tubes containing anticoagulants should be inverted immediately after filling to:

Prevent microclot formation Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean by a 'short draw'?

Partially filling a light blue top Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Antiglycolytic Agents

Antiglycolytic agents prevent the breakdown of glucose in blood samples.

Venipuncture Needles

The standard needle for routine venipuncture is 21 gauge.
Smaller 23-gauge needles are preferred for drawing from small hand veins.

Blood Collection Tubes

Light blue top tubes contain an anticoagulant that binds calcium, essential for coagulation tests.
Royal blue topped tubes are designed to minimize trace-element contamination.
The yellow top tube (SPS) is used for blood culture collections.

Anticoagulants and Additives

EDTA is a common anticoagulant used in lavender top tubes for CBC tests.
Thrombin is not an anticoagulant.
Heparin prevents coagulation by inhibiting thrombin formation.

Disinfecting and Handling Samples

A 1:10 bleach solution is recommended for disinfecting blood spills on lab surfaces.
Additive tubes should be mixed immediately after removal from the tube holder to prevent microclot formation.
Partial filling of sodium citrate tubes can compromise specimen quality.

Order of Draw

The correct order of draw for evacuated tubes is: blue, red, SST, green, lavender.
The light blue topped tube must be filled to the correct level to maintain a 9:1 blood to anticoagulant ratio.

Safety and Disposal

Multi-sample needles with a broken seal should not be used as they are not sterile.
Contaminated tourniquets should be disposed of in biohazard bags.
Safety features of devices must be attached and not considered accessories.

Mixing Requirements

Proper mixing of tubes with additives is crucial to avoid complications such as microclots.

Common Lab Tests

Light blue topped tubes are primarily used for PT/INR tests, while lavender top tubes are used for CBC tests.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering key concepts from Chapter 7 of Phlebotomy. Learn about antiglycolytic agents, standard venipuncture needles, and anticoagulant tubes. Perfect for students preparing for exams!