Philosophy of Action: Intention, Consent, Election, and Use

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What is the purposive tendency of the will towards a realizable thing called?

Intention (correct)

Election

Use

Consent

Which of the following refers to the acceptance by the will of the means necessary to carry out an intention?

Fruition

Consent (correct)

Intention

Election

What is the selection by the will of the precise means to be employed in carrying out an intention called?

Use

Election (correct)

Fruition

Consent

Which of the following refers to the enjoyment of a thing willed and done?

Fruition Signup and view all the answers

What are acts done by internal mental powers under command of the will called?

Internal acts Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a constituent of human acts?

Intention Signup and view all the answers

According to Bentham, what are the two 'sovereign masters' that govern human nature?

Pain and pleasure Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle that Bentham proposed as the standard of right action?

The principle of utility Signup and view all the answers

How does Bentham define 'utility' in his ethical framework?

The property of an object that produces benefit, advantage, pleasure, or happiness Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of Bentham's normative ethics, according to the passage?

The amount of pleasure and pain produced by an action Signup and view all the answers

What is the key criterion that Bentham uses to determine the morality of an action?

The consequences of the action Signup and view all the answers

What is the central idea of Bentham's ethical philosophy, as presented in the passage?

Moral actions should be judged by their tendency to promote happiness and prevent suffering Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental aspect of virtue ethics?

Character formation and moral education Signup and view all the answers

One criticism of virtue ethics mentioned in the text is that it:

Cannot provide definite rules for moral behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a valid criticism of virtue ethics?

It emphasizes rule-following over character development Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following virtues is considered self-regarding according to the text?

Both B and C Signup and view all the answers

According to Aristotle's view mentioned in the text, what is necessary to discern one's purpose in life?

Understanding human nature Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is consistent with the text's portrayal of virtue ethics?

Virtue ethics emphasizes character formation and moral education as fundamental aspects Signup and view all the answers

What does the Natural Rights Theory claim?

Humans have absolute, inherent rights that exist independently of human actions or beliefs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the core principle of the Moral Theory of Contractarianism?

Both B and C are correct. Signup and view all the answers

According to Pluralistic Deontology, which of the following is NOT one of the seven prima facie duties?

Duty of honesty Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Duty of Reparation in Pluralistic Deontology?

To recompense someone if we have acted wrongly towards them. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the Duty of Beneficence in Pluralistic Deontology?

To help other people increase their pleasure and improve their character. Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which ethical theory argues that there are seven prima facie duties that need to be considered when deciding which duty to act upon?

Pluralistic Deontology Signup and view all the answers

According to Kant, what test did the maxim of committing suicide to avoid future unhappiness fail?

The contradiction in conception test Signup and view all the answers

What does the Humanity Formula state, according to the passage?

Act that you use humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means Signup and view all the answers

What does the Autonomy Formula state, according to the passage?

Act so that through your maxims you could be a legislator of universal laws Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which maxim fails the contradiction in the will test?

The maxim of refusing to assist others in pursuit of their projects Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of the dignity of humanity that Kant speaks of in the second formulation, according to the passage?

The fact that human beings are the universal law givers rather than universal law followers Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between the Humanity Formula and the Autonomy Formula, according to the passage?

The Humanity Formula is about using humanity as an end, while the Autonomy Formula is about being a legislator of universal laws. Signup and view all the answers