Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which argument for God's existence posits that the universe's design implies a designer?
Which argument for God's existence posits that the universe's design implies a designer?
- Teleological (correct)
- Cosmological
- Moral
- Ontological
Saint Anselm's ontological argument is considered difficult to refute primarily because it relies on:
Saint Anselm's ontological argument is considered difficult to refute primarily because it relies on:
- Personal experiences
- Historical accounts
- Logical necessity (correct)
- Empirical evidence
According to Augustine, how is beauty defined?
According to Augustine, how is beauty defined?
- As that which is pleasing to the senses
- As a subjective experience
- As a reflection of divine order and harmony (correct)
- As a form of artistic expression
Which of Thomas Aquinas' Five Ways argues from the existence of motion to the existence of a first mover?
Which of Thomas Aquinas' Five Ways argues from the existence of motion to the existence of a first mover?
In the context of the political spectrum, which philosopher would most accurately be described as a strong proponent of individual freedom with limited government intervention?
In the context of the political spectrum, which philosopher would most accurately be described as a strong proponent of individual freedom with limited government intervention?
Hume's skepticism is most applicable when considering which theory?
Hume's skepticism is most applicable when considering which theory?
Which ethical theory emphasizes moral duties and rules as the basis for determining the good in an action?
Which ethical theory emphasizes moral duties and rules as the basis for determining the good in an action?
According to Sartre, what does it mean for existence to precede essence?
According to Sartre, what does it mean for existence to precede essence?
Which of the following best describes the focus of the Pre-Socratic philosophers?
Which of the following best describes the focus of the Pre-Socratic philosophers?
How did the Atomists' view of change differ from earlier Pre-Socratic philosophers?
How did the Atomists' view of change differ from earlier Pre-Socratic philosophers?
What is the primary difference between Socrates' philosophy and that of the Pre-Socratics?
What is the primary difference between Socrates' philosophy and that of the Pre-Socratics?
According to Plato's Two Worlds Theory, what is the nature of 'Forms'?
According to Plato's Two Worlds Theory, what is the nature of 'Forms'?
What is the role of the Demiurge in Plato's philosophy?
What is the role of the Demiurge in Plato's philosophy?
How does Aristotle's view of epistemology differ from Plato's?
How does Aristotle's view of epistemology differ from Plato's?
According to Aristotle, what is 'substantial change'?
According to Aristotle, what is 'substantial change'?
According to Aristotle, how is happiness achieved?
According to Aristotle, how is happiness achieved?
Flashcards
Syllogism
Syllogism
A logical argument consisting of three parts: two premises and a conclusion. The premises provide reasons for believing the conclusion.
Valid Syllogism
Valid Syllogism
A syllogism is considered valid if the conclusion logically follows from the premises.
Invalid Syllogism
Invalid Syllogism
A syllogism is considered invalid if the conclusion does not logically follow from the premises.
Plato's Two Worlds Theory
Plato's Two Worlds Theory
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Forms
Forms
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Demiurge
Demiurge
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Aristotle's Golden Mean
Aristotle's Golden Mean
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Eudaimonia
Eudaimonia
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Teleological Argument
Teleological Argument
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Ontological Argument
Ontological Argument
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Cosmological Argument
Cosmological Argument
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Double Effect Theory
Double Effect Theory
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Consequentialist Ethics
Consequentialist Ethics
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Deontological Ethics
Deontological Ethics
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Virtue Ethics
Virtue Ethics
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Existentialism
Existentialism
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Study Notes
Exam Outline
- Part A: Multiple Choice - 25 marks (Knowledge)
- Part B: Matching - 25 marks (Thinking) - Match statements to philosophers and concepts to philosophical areas.
- Part C: Short Answer - 25 marks (Communication) - Choose 5 of 20 questions, one from each category: The Greeks, Christian-Early Modern, Modern-Postmodern, and Miscellaneous.
- Part D: Application Questions - 25 marks (Application) - Answer all questions in these categories: Plato, Aristotle, Ethics, Logic, and Miscellaneous.
Review Questions (Logic)
- Syllogism Completion: Complete the following syllogisms, and evaluate their validity:
- 1. A, D; ~D; Ergo A. (Valid/Invalid)
- 2. All B are D; Some C are B; Ergo, All C are D. (Valid/Invalid)
Introduction to Philosophy
- List the six areas of philosophy, and link relevant philosophers and theories.
- Compare and contrast philosophy and science; and philosophy and religion.
Pre-Socratics
- Identify the Pre-Socratics' primary research questions.
- List known solutions proposed by famous pre-Socratic thinkers.
Socrates
- Describe how Socrates's philosophy differs from Pre-Socratic thought.
- Compare and contrast Socrates's views on happiness with Postmodern moral relativism.
- Explain the significance of virtue in Socrates's philosophy.
Plato
- Explain Plato's theory of Two Worlds.
- Define Plato's concept of "Form."
- Clarify Plato's concept of the Demiurge.
- Link Plato's theory of the soul to his theory of the ideal state.
- Describe Plato's epistemology.
Aristotle
- Contrast Aristotle's epistemology with Plato's.
- Differentiate between accidental and substantial change, and connect this to Aristotle's concept of Being.
- Explain Aristotle's concept of happiness.
- Detail how Aristotle's theory of the soul relates to his concept of happiness, and whether his theory of the Golden Mean is relative or absolute.
The Christian Era
- Define teleological, ontological, and cosmological arguments for God.
- Describe St. Anselm's ontological proof. Explain its difficulties.
- Explain St. Augustine's approach to the problem of evil.
- Define St. Augustine's concept of beauty.
- Outline the criteria for a Just War.
- Explain St. Thomas Aquinas's Five Ways.
- Discuss the strengths of Aquinas's arguments for virtue relating to happiness.
- Describe the Double Effect Theory.
The Early Modern Era
- Categorize Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Marx's political philosophies on a modern political spectrum.
- Explain Hume's theory of causation and how it relates to his skepticism.
- Describe Kant's Categorical Imperative.
Later Modern Era/Post-Modern Era
- Explain how different ethical theories determine what is "Good."
- Define Existentialism and its evolution from Kierkegaard to Nietzsche.
- Discuss various definitions of art throughout history.
- Explain why existentialism became prominent in post-WWII Europe.
- Critique the philosophy of Utilitarianism.
- Explain the philosophy of Nietzsche "slave morality."
- Explain Sartre's concept of "existence precedes essence."
- Describe the main theories of defining art and associated philosophers.
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