Philippine Architecture and Early Shelters
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a SEPO in construction?

  • To provide lateral support to the wall panel (correct)
  • To support floors and ceilings
  • To create a roof peak
  • To frame walls

    • Which term refers to the main horizontal support in a structure?

  • PABALAGBAG
  • HAMBA
  • HALIGE
  • GILILAN (correct)

    • What term refers to the early human shelter found in the Philippines?

  • Manunggul Jar
  • Datag
  • Tabon Cave (correct)
  • Idjang

    • What type of structure is associated with mountain houses in the context provided?

    <p>Traditional Filipino architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cave is known as the 'Cradle of Philippine Civilization'?

    <p>Tabon Cave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term PALATPAT signify?

    <p>A strong and flexible material with diverse uses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the artifacts found in Tabon Cave that indicates early beliefs in life after death?

    <p>Manunggul Jar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a basic sleeping platform made from natural materials in early Philippine caves?

    <p>Datag</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scholars is noted for their works on the culture and history of the Filipino people?

    <p>William Henry Scott</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Tau’t Batu people's dwellings?

    <p>To shelter against the elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinctive feature of the Manunggul Jar?

    <p>It has curvilinear scroll designs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ancient civilization is connected to the artifacts found in Tabon Cave?

    <p>Malayan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the location of Idjang settlements?

    <p>In elevated hills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of building the Bahay Kubo on stilts?

    <p>To protect against dampness and vermin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following materials is NOT typically used in the construction of Bahay Kubo?

    <p>Cement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Pawid' refer to in the context of Bahay Kubo?

    <p>The leaves used for roofing and walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is characteristic of the roofing in Bahay Kubo?

    <p>Medium to high-pitched</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What traditional construction method is used to assemble the Bahay Kubo?

    <p>Lashing of rattan or bamboo strips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of construction, what does 'Kilo' refer to?

    <p>Beams or elements creating a rigid structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the word 'kubo' translate from Spanish to refer to in the context of Bahay Kubo?

    <p>Cube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following descriptions accurately represents the walls of a Bahay Kubo?

    <p>Made of woven nipa leaves or split bamboo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Banaue Rice Terraces?

    <p>For agricultural production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the materials used in the construction of the Banaue Rice Terraces?

    <p>They mainly use stone structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does vernacular architecture emphasize?

    <p>Traditional building practices tailored to specific cultural contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements is NOT a principal feature of vernacular architecture?

    <p>Use of blueprints in planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does folk architecture differ from other types of architecture?

    <p>It reflects class differentiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what context is indigenous architecture typically built?

    <p>By colonial populations privileging their building forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes anonymous architecture?

    <p>Buildings designed by unnamed and non-canonical architects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT considered a basic element of the Banaue Rice Terraces?

    <p>Water management system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the construction techniques used in Ivatans' houses?

    <p>To withstand severe weather and earthquakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature describes the structure of the Falé/Balé house?

    <p>Three-level structure with a stone pavement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the roof net constructed for protection against violent winds in the Rakuh house?

    <p>Panpe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the Kankana-ey house?

    <p>High, steep hipped roof with the ridge parallel to the front</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material is prominently used in constructing the CAL Y CANTO houses?

    <p>Lime and stone mortar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the architectural design of the Sinadumparan or Maytuab house, what is a potential use of the partially submerged basement?

    <p>Storage space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'hagabi' refer to in the context of the Ifugao culture?

    <p>Bench for socialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of the rakuh house compared to the other types of Ivatan houses?

    <p>It has a gable or hip roof made from thick stone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Philippine Architecture Overview

    • A blend of indigenous, vernacular, and foreign architectural styles.
    • Influenced by various cultures: Malayan, Muslim, Chinese, Spanish, American, and European.

    Early Philippine Shelters

    • The Tabon Cave in Palawan is acclaimed as the "Cradle of Philippine Civilization."
    • Contains artifacts revealing insights into early human life and practices, including burial jars and wooden tools.

    Tabon Cave

    • First evidence of human presence in the Philippines during the Pleistocene era.
    • Known as home to Tabon Man, the oldest human fossil found in the cave.

    Manunggul Jar

    • Represents early Filipinos' beliefs in life after death.
    • Features intricate decorations and depictions of two human figures, symbolizing souls' journey to the afterlife.

    Tau’t Batu

    • Ethnic group residing in southern Palawan, maintaining traditional cave living.
    • Their homes are built based on natural cave conditions.

    Datag and Idjang

    • Datag: A simple sleeping platform within caves, incorporating natural elements for warmth.
    • Idjang: Early settlements of Ivatans located in elevated terrains.

    Banaue Rice Terraces

    • Constructed by the Ifugao people, using more stones than the Great Wall of China or pyramids.
    • Terraces cover around 10,360 square kilometers with a total length of about 20,100 km.

    Vernacular Architecture

    • Reflects indigenous, folk, tribal, ethnic, and traditional designs.
    • Primarily consists of dwellings built by community members without professional architects or engineers.

    Features of Vernacular Architecture

    • Utilizes natural materials adapted to geographic conditions.
    • Intuitive construction process without blueprints, allowing modifications.
    • Balanced functionality and aesthetic features, evolving over time within ethnic domains.

    Bahay Kubo

    • Traditional Philippine house, derived from the term “balai” (house) and influenced by Spanish “cubo” (cube).
    • Characterized by a square or rectangular layout, high-pitched roofs, and walls made of nipa or bamboo.

    Structural Elements of Bahay Kubo

    • Elevated on stilts (6 to 14 feet) to avoid dampness and pests.
    • Main structural components include posts, walls made of woven nipa leaves, and a variety of other building materials.

    Mountain Houses

    • Found mostly in the northern provinces, showcasing unique styles specific to the Bontoc, Ibaloi, Ifugao, Isneg, Kalinga, and Kankana-ey groups.

    William Henry Scott

    • Scholar recognized for his works on precolonial Philippine history and culture.
    • Categorized Cordillera houses into northern and southern styles, highlighting unique features.

    Batanes Ivatan House

    • Designed for durability against storms and earthquakes; often constructed from stone and mortar.
    • Includes structures like Sinadumparan (single-story with basement) and Rakuh (two-story with stone masonry).

    Ifugao Fale/Bale House

    • Features three-levels: stone pavement, living space, and roof.
    • Includes design elements to support agricultural practices and social activities.

    Benguet Kankana-ey House

    • Characterized by a high, steep roof that serves practical purposes against the region's weather.
    • Houses are uniquely designed to reflect the Kankana-ey's cultural identity.

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    History Of Architecture 4 PDF

    Description

    Explore the rich tapestry of Philippine architecture, influenced by various cultures and historical events. Discover significant archaeological sites like the Tabon Cave and artifacts such as the Manunggul Jar that reveal insights into early Filipino life and beliefs.

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