Pharmacology Practice 2019 A Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

How many mg should the nurse administer per dose of ciprofloxacin to a child who weighs 44 lb?

300 mg

Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client prescribed simvastatin? (Select all that apply)

  • Avoid taking the medication with grapefruit juice. (correct)
  • Report muscle pain to the provider. (correct)
  • Expect therapy with this medication to be lifelong. (correct)

    • What should the nurse identify as an indication that propylthiouracil has been effective for a client with Graves' disease?

    Increase in ability to focus

    What action should the nurse take when administering heparin subcutaneously?

    <p>Administer the medication outside the 5 cm (2 in) radius of the umbilicus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an adverse effect a nurse should identify for a client taking fluoxetine?

    <p>Sexual dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the client do after taking risedronate?

    <p>Sit up for 30 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a client with a gastric ulcer report while taking ranitidine?

    <p>Yellowing of the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates that a client understands the teaching about captopril?

    <p>I should tell my provider if I develop a sore throat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse do first after discovering a medication error involving atenolol and allopurinol?

    <p>Obtain the client's blood pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse effect should a nurse monitor for a client prescribed metoclopramide?

    <p>Sedation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Administration of an antibiotic can occur at which time period without requiring an incident report?

    <p>0830 (30 min before/after)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding should the nurse report to the provider for a client taking haloperidol?

    <p>Temperature of 39.7 (103.5)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse effect should the nurse identify for a client receiving heparin therapy?

    <p>Blood in the urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can taking docusate sodium daily help minimize for a client using oral morphine?

    <p>Constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse instruct clients about inhaling beclomethasone for asthma?

    <p>Rinse your mouth after inhaling the beclomethasone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What documentation should the nurse enter regarding an error in administering sodium chloride?

    <p>0.9% sodium chloride 1 L IV infused over 4 hr. Vital signs stable, provider notified.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does aspirin do when taken with warfarin?

    <p>Aspirin will increase the risk of bleeding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information should the nurse provide to a client starting hydrocodone with acetaminophen?

    <p>Decreased respiration might occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication should the nurse plan to administer for a client in a cholinergic crisis?

    <p>Atropine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication can interact with calcium gluconate?

    <p>Digoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse document about the effectiveness of therapy for a client receiving filgrastim?

    <p>Increased neutrophil count.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding indicates hypokalemia on an ECG readout?

    <p>Presence of U waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which over-the-counter medication should a client taking lithium discontinue?

    <p>Ibuprofen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medication should be administered for acute acetaminophen toxicity?

    <p>Acetylcysteine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required during transitions in care regarding medication reconciliation?

    <p>Conduct medication reconciliation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse monitor before administering metoprolol?

    <p>Determine apical pulse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse monitor for when administering sodium polystyrene sulfonate?

    <p>Monitor the client for constipation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse effect should the nurse monitor for client on mannitol?

    <p>Bibasilar crackles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the effectiveness of morphine for pain relief?

    <p>The client rates pain as 3 on a scale from 0 to 10.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What test is required before refilling isotretinoin for severe acne?

    <p>Pregnancy test.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding should the nurse report immediately when administering donepezil?

    <p>Dyspnea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse do first when external FHR monitor indicates late decelerations?

    <p>Turn the client to a side lying position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding indicates an adverse effect of neostigmine in a myasthenia gravis client?

    <p>Miosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lab finding requires discontinuing heparin infusion?

    <p>Platelets 96,000/mm^3.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should a nurse include about sucralfate for peptic ulcer disease?

    <p>Forms a protective barrier over ulcers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the client is ready for discharge after endoscopy using midazolam?

    <p>The client's capnography has returned to baseline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potassium level should the nurse report for a client taking digoxin?

    <p>Potassium level 2.8.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse effects of oxybutynin should be included in client teaching?

    <p>Dry mouth &amp; dry eyes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding should the nurse report for a client receiving gentamicin?

    <p>Tinnitus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medication should be provided for heroin toxicity?

    <p>Naloxone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates effective teaching regarding cyclobenzaprine?

    <p>I will taper off the medication before discontinuing it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in the discharge teaching about oral transmucosal fentanyl lozenges?

    <p>Store unused medication sticks in a storage container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a nitroglycerin transdermal patch be removed?

    <p>I will take the patch off right after my evening meal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse effect should a nurse instruct a client taking acetazolamide to monitor?

    <p>Tingling of fingers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse document if a client refuses to take their fluid pill?

    <p>Document the refusal and inform the client's provider.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many gtt/min should the nurse set the infusion for dextrose 5% in water (D5W) 400 mL IV to infuse over 1 hr?

    <p>100 gtt/min.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the spacer have for a child using a fluticasone inhaler?

    <p>Decreases the risk of oral candidiasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct entry for morphine 5 mg every 4 hours as needed for severe pain in the medication administration record (MAR)?

    <p>Morphine 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age should a newborn receive the first DTaP vaccine?

    <p>2 months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What client statement indicates a contraindication for administering ciprofloxacin?

    <p>I have tendonitis, so I haven't been able to exercise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse do first after administering a dose of metformin instead of metoclopramide?

    <p>Ensure the client is monitored for any adverse effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Medication Administration and Dosage

    • Ciprofloxacin dosage for a child: 15 mg/kg PO every 12 hr; for a 44 lb child, administer 300 mg per dose.
    • Heparin should be administered outside a 5 cm radius of the umbilicus for subcutaneous injections.
    • Scheduled antibiotics can be administered within 30 minutes of the scheduled time without requiring an incident report.

    Patient Education and Adverse Effects

    • Educate clients on simvastatin: report muscle pain, avoid grapefruit juice, and expect lifelong therapy.
    • Common adverse effects of fluoxetine: sexual dysfunction.
    • Risedronate instruction: sit up for 30 minutes after taking to reduce esophageal irritation.
    • Teach clients taking ranitidine to report yellowing of the skin (potential liver issues).

    Monitoring and Assessing Patients

    • Assess clients taking propylthiouracil for Graves' disease for improved focus as an indication of effectiveness.
    • Monitor for sedation in clients prescribed metoclopramide post-bowel surgery.
    • In patients on heparin, report blood in urine as a sign of potential toxicity.
    • Identify hypokalemia in clients receiving IV furosemide by looking for U waves on ECG.

    Special Considerations for Medications

    • Warfarin increases bleeding risk if taken with aspirin.
    • Monitor clients using opioids like morphine and educate them about constipation.
    • For asthma treatment with beclomethasone, clients should rinse their mouth after use to prevent candidiasis.
    • IV calcium gluconate can interact with digoxin, increasing toxicity risk.

    Emergency Situations and Interventions

    • In case of an allergic reaction to antibiotics like cefazolin, administer epinephrine immediately.
    • For suspected heroin toxicity, naloxone should be administered to reverse respiratory depression.
    • Atropine is the treatment for a cholinergic crisis in myasthenia gravis patients.

    Pediatric and Obstetric Care

    • Newborns should receive the first DTaP vaccine at 2 months.
    • Clients on isotretinoin must provide two negative pregnancy tests before medication refills.

    Medication Administration Practices

    • Taper off cyclobenzaprine to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
    • Document any medication refusals and notify the provider.
    • Correctly record morphine administration in the Medication Administration Record (MAR).

    Lifestyle and Dietary Restrictions

    • Clients on tamoxifen should be informed about possible hot flashes as a side effect.
    • Advise clients on hydrocodone to monitor for decreased respiration.

    Laboratory Monitoring

    • For clients taking lithium, discontinue NSAIDs like ibuprofen to avoid increased lithium levels.
    • Blood glucose levels should be monitored in patients taking methylprednisolone due to its effects on glucose metabolism.

    Postoperative and Recovery Care

    • Following outpatient procedures using midazolam, check that capnography returns to baseline to ensure readiness for discharge.
    • Monitor for adverse effects like tingling in clients using acetazolamide for glaucoma.

    Pharmacology in Chronic Conditions

    • Fluticasone inhalers should be used with a spacer to lessen the risk of oral candidiasis.
    • Cancer patients on morphine should be instructed to manage constipation with docusate sodium.

    Keep these notes handy for a quick reference on pharmacological practices and patient care protocols.

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    Test your pharmacology knowledge with these 2019 flashcards. The quiz includes medication calculations and patient teaching plans related to common pharmacological agents. Perfect for nursing students and healthcare professionals preparing for exams.

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