Pharmacology of Antibiotics
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of vinblastine?

  • It can cause bradycardia, hypotension, and edema (correct)
  • It is used to treat filariasis
  • It is a mucolytic agent
  • It is a proton pump inhibitor

    • What is not a component of Cluviscol tablets?

  • Lansoprazole (correct)
  • Vitamin D2 400 IU
  • Cobalt 3mg
  • Ferrous fumarate 15mg

    • What is true about N-acetylcysteine?

  • It is marketed as Cellcept
  • It is indicated for the treatment of paracetamol poisoning intravenously (correct)
  • It is used as a mucolytic agent
  • It is used to treat lymphatic obstructive disease

    • Which agent is used to eradicate microfilaria in filariasis?

    <p>Albendazole and Diethylcarbamazine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about Cellcept?

    <p>It contains a prodrug that is converted to the active drug in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a cell cycle phase-specific antineoplastic agent?

    <p>Metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a side effect of vinblastine?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cell cycle phase-specific antineoplastic agent?

    <p>Etoposide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for using drug combinations in the treatment of TB?

    <p>To delay the emergence of resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antibiotics exerts synergistic effects with beta-lactam antibiotics?

    <p>Vasopressin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of certain antibiotics that bind to the 50s ribosomal subunit?

    <p>Inhibition of peptidyltransferase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are Staphylococci resistant to methicillin often resistant to aminoglycosides?

    <p>Due to plasmid-mediated formation of group transferase-inactivating enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an important adjuvant in cancer chemotherapy involving cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide?

    <p>MESNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following anticancer drugs is cell cycle nonspecific?

    <p>Mechlorethamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common mechanism of resistance to certain antibiotics?

    <p>Plasmid-mediated formation of group transferase-inactivating enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the drug Pritor?

    <p>It is of the same therapeutic class and indication as Hypace and Diovan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of chronic exposure to a certain metal?

    <p>Hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis of the palm and soles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which toxin is produced by puffer fish?

    <p>Tetrodotoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for dimercaprol?

    <p>Unithol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a mixture of copper and arsenic salt used to control insects in the 1800s?

    <p>Bordeaux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a natural compound derived from Urginea maritime that is effective in controlling rodents?

    <p>Rotenone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is found in cigarette smoke?

    <p>Benzopyrene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced by the mold Fusarium solani that infects sweet potatoes?

    <p>Ipomeanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the toxin produced by the mold Aspergillus flavus?

    <p>Aflatoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a dopaminergic anti-parkinson's agent?

    <p>Pergolide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of milrinone lactate?

    <p>Inhibiting phosphodiesterase 3, thereby increasing cAMP levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a protease inhibitor?

    <p>Procyclidine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of alteplase?

    <p>It is a tissue plasminogen activator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an antiviral drug?

    <p>Acyclovir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Zocor?

    <p>Inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of milrinone lactate?

    <p>It stimulates RBC production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an aminopenicillin?

    <p>None of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is associated with hypocalcemia?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is a common cause of toxic epidermal necrolysis?

    <p>Allopurinol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the CNS toxin found in Artemisia absinthuim?

    <p>Absinthe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for whole bowel irrigation in poisoned patients?

    <p>To evacuate the intestinal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following alkaloids is found in Strychnos nux-vomica?

    <p>Strychnine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of calcitonin?

    <p>Inhibition of bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a common cause of hypocalcemia?

    <p>Androgen therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Thyrotropin

    • Thyrotropin exerts synergistic effects with beta-lactam antibiotics against selected organisms.
    • Thyrotropin's antibacterial action involves binding to the 50s ribosomal subunit and subsequent inhibition of peptidyltransferase.

    Clinical Resistance

    • Clinical resistance occurs through plasmid-mediated formation of group transferase-inactivating enzymes.
    • Staphylococci resistant to methicillin are usually resistant to aminoglycosides.

    Cancer Chemotherapy

    • MESNA is an important adjuvant in cancer chemotherapy involving cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide to prevent urotoxicity.
    • Pritor is of the same therapeutic class and indication as Hypace and Diovan.

    Antibiotics

    • Cidofovir is a protease inhibitor.
    • Acyclovir is not a protease inhibitor.
    • Nelfinavir is a protease inhibitor.

    Vasopressin and Somatomedin

    • Vasopressin and somatomedin exert synergistic effects with beta-lactam antibiotics against selected organisms.

    Cancer Treatment

    • The primary reason for the use of drug combinations in the treatment of TB is to delay the emergence of resistance.

    Antineoplastic Agents

    • Daunorubucin is an antineoplastic agent.
    • Vincristine is an antineoplastic agent.

    Filariasis and Lymphatic Obstructive Disease

    • Filariasis is caused by Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi.
    • Eradication of the microfilaria can be accomplished by the use of diethylcarbamazine.

    Anti-Parkinson's Agents

    • Ropinerole is a dopaminergic anti-parkinson's agent.
    • Pergolide is a dopaminergic anti-parkinson's agent.

    Cell Cycle Phase-Specific Agent

    • Vinblastine is a cell cycle phase-specific agent.

    N-Acetylcysteine

    • N-acetylcysteine is used as a mucolytic agent.
    • It is marketed as Acetadote, Fluimucil, and Hidonac.

    Cluviscol Tablets

    • Cluviscol tablets contain Vitamin D2 400 IU, Calcium 120mg, Ferrous fumarate 15mg, and Vitamin C 150mg.

    Cancer Chemotherapy and Adjuvants

    • MESNA is an important adjuvant in cancer chemotherapy involving cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide to prevent urotoxicity.

    Toxins and Metals

    • Chronic exposure to arsenic results in hyperpigmentation and hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles.
    • Saxitoxin is a toxin produced by puffer fish.

    Insecticides and Pesticides

    • Bordeaux is a mixture of copper and arsenic salt that is used to control insects.
    • Pyrethrin is a natural compound derived from Urginea maritime and is effective in controlling rodents.

    Vitamins and Toxins

    • Exposure to vitamin A can cause hypocalcemia.

    Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

    • Medications are causally implicated in 80-90% of toxic epidermal necrolysis cases.

    Overdose Management

    • Whole bowel irrigation is the most effective process for evacuating the intestinal tract in poisoned patients.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the mechanisms of action and characteristics of antibiotics, including their effects on cellular processes and interactions with other medications.

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