Pharmacology: Fluoroquinolones Flashcards
35 Questions
102 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which drugs are in the class of Fluoroquinolones? (Select all that apply)

  • Ciprofloxacin (correct)
  • Amoxicillin
  • Gemifloxacin (correct)
  • Delafloxacin (correct)
  • Levofloxacin (correct)
  • Moxifloxacin (correct)

    • Fluoroquinolone agents have coverage against which organisms? (Select all that apply)

  • M.tuberculosis (correct)
  • Gram negative aerobes (correct)
  • Fungi
  • Atypicals (correct)

    • What do newer Fluoroquinolone agents have some coverage against?

    Gram positive activity

    Which two drugs in the Fluoroquinolone class have anti-pseudomonal activity?

    <p>Levofloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    These agents have extensive ___ resistance, no longer first line.

    <p>gonococcal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug in the Fluoroquinolone class has MRSA coverage for skin infections?

    <p>Delafloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the uses of Fluoroquinolones? (Select all that apply)

    <p>LRI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agent in the Fluoroquinolone class is the drug of choice for post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment of anthrax?

    <p>Ciprofloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agent in the Fluoroquinolone class is used for severe traveler's diarrhea?

    <p>Ciprofloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agent in the Fluoroquinolone class is an alternative choice for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections?

    <p>Delafloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Fluoroquinolones?

    <p>Inhibit bacterial DNA by inhibiting DNA gyrase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fluoroquinolones are very active against what types of organisms? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Atypical organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fluoroquinolones have no activity against which type of bacteria?

    <p>Anaerobic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fluoroquinolones are reserved for what type of infections?

    <p>Serious infections - complicated patient histories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fluoroquinolones should be dose adjusted when CrCl is less than?

    <p>50 mL/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Moxifloxacin should be dose adjusted in patients with ___ dysfunction?

    <p>Hepatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ciprofloxacin is used for what kind of organisms specifically?

    <p>Enteropathic organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ciprofloxacin is effective in treating gonorrhea.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ciprofloxacin is effective against syphilis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agent is the most potent Fluoroquinolone against Pseudomonas?

    <p>Ciprofloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ciprofloxacin is used to treat pneumonias associated with which condition?

    <p>Cystic Fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ciprofloxacin is also used in the treatment of UTIs, and which other drug is indicated?

    <p>Levofloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ciprofloxacin has activity against TB.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ciprofloxacin is commonly used for the treatment of what in developing countries?

    <p>Typhoid fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Moxifloxacin has good coverage of which type of organisms?

    <p>Gram positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Moxifloxacin has coverage against Pseudomonas.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Moxifloxacin known as the 'respiratory quinolone'?

    <p>It has good coverage of S.pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Moxifloxacin is used for the treatment of UTIs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Delafloxacin is primarily used in the treatment of what infections?

    <p>Bacterial skin and skin structure infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Delafloxacin has broad spectrum activity against which organisms? (Select all that apply)

    <p>MRSA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Levofloxacin is used for what type of organisms unresponsive to B-lactams?

    <p>Gram positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which agents in the Fluoroquinolone class are known as 'respiratory quinolones' because of their coverage against S.pneumoniae? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Moxifloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What infections is Levofloxacin used in treating? (Select all that apply)

    <p>H.pylori infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best coverage of the quinolones?

    <p>S.pneumoniae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two agents in the Fluoroquinolone class have a long half-life and have QD dosing?

    <p>Levofloxacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fluoroquinolones Overview

    • Fluoroquinolones are a class of antibiotics including five main drugs: Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Gemifloxacin, and Delafloxacin.
    • Effective against gram-negative aerobes, atypicals, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

    Coverage and Activity

    • Newer fluoroquinolones provide some gram-positive activity.
    • Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin have anti-pseudomonal activity.
    • Resistance towards gonococcal infections has increased, leading to decreased use as first-line treatment.
    • Delafloxacin offers MRSA coverage specifically for skin infections.

    Clinical Uses

    • Commonly used for lower respiratory infections (LRI), upper respiratory infections (URI), tuberculosis protocols, osteomyelitis, otitis externa, and conjunctivitis.
    • Ciprofloxacin is the drug of choice for post-exposure prophylaxis and treatment of anthrax, with doxycycline as an alternative.
    • Utilized for severe traveler's diarrhea and acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs).

    Mechanism of Action

    • Fluoroquinolones work by inhibiting bacterial DNA through the inhibition of DNA gyrase, an enzyme crucial for unwinding DNA.

    Specific Agent Information

    • Ciprofloxacin has weak activity against S. pneumoniae and is particularly effective against Pseudomonas and enteropathic organisms like E. coli.
    • Levofloxacin is effective against gram-positive infections unresponsive to beta-lactams, providing the best coverage for S. pneumoniae among quinolones.
    • Moxifloxacin is often referred to as the "respiratory quinolone" due to its excellent S. pneumoniae coverage but has no activity against Pseudomonas and is not recommended for urinary tract infections (UTIs).
    • Delafloxacin has a broad spectrum, effectively targeting atypical, anaerobic, MRSA, Pseudomonas, and resistant gram-negative infections.

    Resistance and Dosage

    • Fluoroquinolones are reserved for serious infections, especially in patients with complicated medical histories.
    • Dosage adjustments are required when creatinine clearance (CrCl) is less than 50 mL/min for all fluoroquinolones and for Moxifloxacin in patients with hepatic dysfunction.

    Resistance Patterns

    • All fluoroquinolones lack activity against anaerobic organisms.
    • Commonly used for treating typhoid fever in developing countries.

    Dosing Considerations

    • Moxifloxacin and Levofloxacin have long half-lives allowing once-daily dosing.
    • Fluoroquinolones exhibit decreased absorption when taken with certain antacids.

    Summary of Uses

    • Fluoroquinolones treat various conditions, including chronic bronchitis exacerbations, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and H. pylori infections associated with ulcers.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the Fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics with these flashcards. This quiz covers key drugs, their coverage against organisms, and other crucial aspects of these agents. Perfect for pharmacy students or healthcare professionals!

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser