24 Questions
What is a potential side effect of fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin?
Bradycardia
How are aminoglycosides typically administered?
IV slowly and diluted, usually through a central line
Why is it important to monitor renal function and urine output when administering aminoglycosides like gentamicin?
To prevent nephrotoxicity
What is a potential drug interaction with fluoroquinolones?
Increased effect of oral hypoglycemics
What is a potential complication of fluoroquinolone therapy?
All of the above
Why is it important to monitor peak and trough levels when administering aminoglycosides?
To adjust the dose of the medication
What is a potential side effect of fluoroquinolones?
Photosensitivity
Why is it important to monitor for ototoxicity when administering aminoglycosides?
Because aminoglycosides can cause ototoxicity
What is a common adverse effect of Azithromycin?
Tinnitus
What is the primary mechanism of action of Macrolides?
Inhibition of protein synthesis
What is a contraindication for the use of Azithromycin?
Allergy
What is a potential interaction between Azithromycin and another medication?
Increased levels of digoxin
What is a nursing intervention when administering Azithromycin?
Obtain a culture and sensitivity before therapy
What is a side effect of Azithromycin that affects the gastrointestinal system?
GI distress
What is a laboratory value that should be monitored when administering Azithromycin?
Liver enzymes
What is a contraindication for ciprofloxacin?
Neuromuscular disease
A patient is prescribed ciprofloxacin. What laboratory test should the nurse monitor?
Kidney function tests
What is a priority assessment when administering Azithromycin?
Vital signs and urinary output
A patient is taking ciprofloxacin. What should the nurse monitor for as an adverse effect?
Photosensitivity
A patient is taking a fluoroquinolone. What should the nurse teach the patient to do?
Avoid caffeine and increase fluid intake
A patient is taking an antibiotic and develops diarrhea. What should the nurse suspect?
Pseudomembranous colitis
What should the nurse prioritize when teaching a patient taking azithromycin?
Teaching the patient to report loose stools or diarrhea
A patient is taking a fluoroquinolone. What should the nurse assess?
All of the above
A patient is taking ciprofloxacin. What should the nurse monitor for as a sign of superinfection?
Loose stools
Study Notes
Aminoglycosides
- Monitor renal function, urine output, and increase fluids
- Monitor for ototoxicity
- Give IV slowly and diluted, usually through a central line
- Monitor peak and trough levels, and other labs
- Monitor for superinfection
- Evaluate the effectiveness of treatment
Fluoroquinolones
- Ciprofloxacin is used for severe infections
- Side effects/adverse reactions:
- GI upset
- CNS issues (headache, dizziness, tremors, nightmares)
- Photosensitivity
- Bradycardia
- Blood dyscrasia (RBCs, WBCs, platelets)
- Superinfection
- Hepatotoxicity
- Nephrotoxicity
- Tendon rupture
- Drug interactions:
- Increases effect of oral hypoglycemics and caffeine
- Contraindications:
- Renal/hepatic disease
- Neuromuscular disease
- Children under 14
- Assessment:
- VS and urine output
- Kidney/liver labs
- Drug and health history
- Nursing interventions:
- Obtain C&S
- Infuse slow IV over 60-90 minutes
- Monitor I&O
- Increase fluid intake (>2000mL/d)
- Check for superinfection
- Monitor blood sugar for diabetics
- Teaching:
- Increase fluids
- Avoid caffeine
- Use sunblock (photosensitivity)
- Report side effects and minimize them
Macrolides
- Action: inhibits protein synthesis
- Use: used when allergic to PCN/Cephalosporins, for stronger bacterial infections
- Side effects/adverse reactions:
- Blurred vision
- Headache
- Drowsiness
- Fatigue
- GI distress
- Photosensitivity
- Allergic reaction/anaphylaxis
- Ototoxicity (tinnitus)
- Superinfection
- Hepatotoxicity
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- Contraindications/cautions:
- Allergy
- Heart issues (dysrhythmias)
- Hepatic/Renal dysfunction
- Interactions:
- Increases levels of warfarin and digoxin
- Effects of oral birth control
- Nursing Process:
- Assessment:
- Vital signs
- I&O; urinary output
- Labs for liver/kidney function
- Drug history
- Medical history
- Nursing interventions:
- Obtain C&S before therapy
- Monitor vital signs and urine output
- Monitor liver enzymes and for S/S of liver issues
- Monitor for superinfection
- Administer antacids 2 hours before or 2 hours after macrolides
- Assessment:
This quiz covers the key aspects of aminoglycosides, including monitoring and administration, and briefly touches on fluoroquinolones. It's a great resource for students of pharmacology and healthcare professionals.
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