Pharmacology Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is an adverse effect a nurse should include in teaching for a patient prescribed cipro?

Phototoxicity.

What action should a nurse take when giving diclofenac sodium to a patient with chronic bursitis?

Double the dose for pain relief

Administer on an empty stomach

Give the medication with food (correct)

Give with milk only

What action should be taken for a patient with a latex allergy scheduled for surgery?

Place monitoring cords and tubes in a stokinette.

Which of the following increases the patient's risk for developing an aspirin-induced ulcer?

Cigarette smoking Signup and view all the answers

What is raloxifene used for?

To prevent breast cancer and reduce the amount of fractures related to osteoporosis. Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse include in teaching for a patient with a history of DM who has a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide?

Hydrochlorothiazide can elevate your blood sugar. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse monitor for a patient taking acetazolamide?

Electrolyte imbalances. Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in teaching for a patient taking zidovudine?

Limit exposure to people who have infections. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of allopurinol?

Decreases the production of uric acid. Signup and view all the answers

What should be reported to the provider when a patient is taking codeine?

Agitation can lead to neurotoxicity caused by overuse. Signup and view all the answers

What is the nurse's immediate priority in post-op care?

Monitor respiratory status. Signup and view all the answers

What is an adverse effect of pseudoephedrine for allergic rhinitis?

Hypertension. Signup and view all the answers

What should be assessed for when administering acyclovir?

Increase in creatinine. Signup and view all the answers

What should a nurse report for a patient taking clopidogrel after coronary artery stenting?

Patient taking ginkgo biloba. Signup and view all the answers

Which labs should be used to determine the effectiveness of epoetin alpha?

Hemoglobin and iron Signup and view all the answers

What is an adverse effect of spironolactone?

Muscle weakness. Signup and view all the answers

What is an adverse effect of danazol for endometriosis?

Edema. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after using beclomethasone?

Gargle with water. Signup and view all the answers

What are signs and symptoms of a toxic amount of acetaminophen ingested?

Diaphoresis, abdominal discomfort, increased ALT. Signup and view all the answers

What is an adverse effect for a patient taking ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone for contraception?

Breakthrough bleeding. Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for warfarin?

Vitamin K. Signup and view all the answers

What are signs and symptoms of a patient receiving paclitaxel for ovarian cancer treatment?

Bradycardia. Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in teaching for ondansetron to control nausea and vomiting during chemo?

Additional medications can be required. Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for prescribing pregabalin for diabetic nerve pain?

Allergy to gabapentin. Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse do after giving clonidine instead of clonazepam after checking BP?

Review adverse effects of clonidine. Signup and view all the answers

Which routine diagnostic screen should be done for a patient with chronic RA taking hydroxychloroquine?

Eye exam. Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs of anaphylaxis to antibiotics?

Angioedema of face, oral cavity, larynx, and airway. Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored for in a patient taking oral albuterol?

Tachycardia. Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for sumatriptan?

Angina pectoris. Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for metformin?

Alcohol use disorder. Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is a common cause of orthostatic hypotension?

Lasix Signup and view all the answers

What should be done for a patient taking amiodarone?

Have liver enzyme testing periodically. Signup and view all the answers

What lab should be monitored for heparin?

PTT. Signup and view all the answers

What lab is important to monitor with corticosteroids?

Glucose. Signup and view all the answers

What adverse effect should be monitored with ipratropium inhaler?

Xerostomia. Signup and view all the answers

What is the instruction for taking esomeprazole?

Take 60 minutes before a meal. Signup and view all the answers

What should be assessed before giving meperidine?

Respiratory rate. Signup and view all the answers

What nursing action should be taken when giving alteplase?

Monitor for change in LOC. Signup and view all the answers

What should a patient taking cromolyn for asthma be taught?

Use the medication every day even when you have no symptoms. Signup and view all the answers

What medication should be given if a patient taking levodopa carbidopa has tremors and twitching?

Amantadine. Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is given to control adverse effects of topotecan?

Granisetron via transdermal patch. Signup and view all the answers

What heart rhythm can be expected for a patient taking digoxin?

Second degree heart block. Signup and view all the answers

What is an adverse effect of atenolol?

Lightheadedness. Signup and view all the answers

What is the medication for hydromorphone toxicity?

Naloxone. Signup and view all the answers

What is a medication for alcohol withdrawal?

Diazepam. Signup and view all the answers

What is an adverse effect of long-term prednisone use?

Osteoporosis. Signup and view all the answers

Which lab does a nurse monitor for statins?

ALT. Signup and view all the answers

What is didanosine therapy used for?

HIV. Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome of mannitol therapy?

Improved urine output. Signup and view all the answers

What are the side effects of Tamoxifen?

Monitor calcium level. Signup and view all the answers

What is the therapeutic effect of somatropin?

Monitor height monthly. Signup and view all the answers

What is an adverse effect of haloperidol?

Can experience extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). Signup and view all the answers

What is the teaching point regarding rifampin?

Causes harmless red-orange discoloration of feces, sputum, tears, and sweat. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Adverse Effects and Patient Education

Cipro can cause phototoxicity; advise patients to avoid direct sunlight and to discontinue if symptoms occur. Tendon rupture is also a risk.
Diclofenac sodium should be taken with food to minimize gastric irritation.
Hydrochlorothiazide may elevate blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes.
Potent adverse effects of pseudoephedrine include hypertension.
Amiodarone is liver toxic; monitor liver enzymes and report any jaundice.

Medication Use and Contraindications

Raloxifene is prescribed to prevent breast cancer and reduce fracture risk in postmenopausal women.
Zidovudine is an antiviral for HIV and hepatitis B; limit exposure to infections during treatment.
Allopurinol decreases uric acid production; patients should increase fluid intake to prevent kidney injury.
Metformin is contraindicated in patients with a history of alcohol use disorder.
Sumatriptan, a vasoconstrictor, is contraindicated in patients with angina pectoris.

Monitoring and Assessments

Monitor electrolyte imbalances in patients taking acetazolamide.
In patients taking heparin, monitor PTT levels to assess anticoagulation efficacy.
Patients on corticosteroids require regular glucose level monitoring.
During post-op care, focus on monitoring respiratory status as a priority.
Assess respiratory rate before administering meperidine to avoid complications.

Drug Interactions and Complications

Inform patients taking clopidogrel to avoid ginkgo biloba due to possible interaction.
Long-term use of prednisone can lead to osteoporosis; monitor for bone health.
Patients taking atorvastatin should have their ALT levels monitored for potential liver damage.
Naloxone is the antidote for hydromorphone toxicity; it counters the effects of opioid overdose.

General Nursing Actions

Provide teaching on the use of cromolyn for asthma, emphasizing daily use and pre-exercise dosing.
For coping with chemotherapy side effects, granisetron is used to control nausea from topotecan.
Advise patients taking warfarin to maintain an INR of 2-3; vitamin K is the antidote if needed.
Patients on opioids, like codeine, experiencing agitation must be monitored for neurotoxicity symptoms.
Ensure proper hydration in patients on mannitol, as improved urine output is expected.

Specific Treatment Considerations

During treatment with hydroxychloroquine for chronic RA, routine eye exams are necessary to monitor for retinal damage.
Education on tamoxifen includes monitoring calcium levels due to hypercalcemia risk and awareness of pulmonary emboli signs.
Patients receiving paclitaxel for ovarian cancer may experience bradycardia that requires monitoring.
For patients on levodopa and carbidopa, consider using amantadine if they exhibit tremors and twitching.

Symptoms and Risk Factors

Anaphylaxis to antibiotics presents with angioedema and can lead to respiratory distress; immediate action is essential.
Signs of acetaminophen toxicity include diaphoresis, abdominal discomfort, and increased ALT levels.
Monitor for muscle weakness in patients taking spironolactone as it is a common adverse effect.
Establish that cigarette smoking raises the risk of gastric ulcers in patients receiving aspirin therapy due to altered gastric secretions.

These summarized points focus on the critical information regarding patient education, adverse effects, monitoring protocols, and nursing actions related to various medications and treatments.

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Description

This quiz consists of flashcards related to pharmacology for nurses, focusing on adverse effects of medications like cipro and the appropriate nursing actions for medications such as diclofenac sodium. It is designed to enhance understanding of key pharmacological concepts and safe practices. Review these flashcards for efficient test preparation.