Questions and Answers
What is a primary concern when administering Digoxin, especially in infants and children?
What is an important consideration for patients taking Cromolyn for asthma?
What common side effect should nurses monitor for in patients taking Histamine 2 Receptor antagonists?
What should clients be advised to do when taking antihypertensives to avoid dizziness?
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What is a common use of antianxiety agents?
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What should patients avoid within 1 hour of taking medications for peptic ulcer disease?
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Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of anti-anxiety medications?
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What is the purpose of antihypertensives?
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Which schedule of drugs has the least potential for abuse?
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What is a common side effect of first-generation antihistamines?
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What is a significant risk for patients taking ACE inhibitors?
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Which of the following is true regarding metered dose inhalers (MDIs)?
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How does carbonyl iron affect the body?
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What key monitoring is required after administering ACE inhibitors?
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Which type of antihistamine tends to cause less drowsiness?
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When is it necessary to hold an ACE inhibitor medication?
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What should be avoided when administering phenytoin?
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What is a common side effect of ethambutol that requires patient education?
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Which medication is not recommended for patients with a history of kidney impairment?
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What is the primary role of acyclovir?
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What color might a patient’s sweat or urine change to when taking certain epilepsy medications?
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Which of the following is an adverse effect of heparin?
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For IV therapy, which factor is critical when determining the insertion site?
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What type of solution is recommended for the infusion set when managing IV therapy?
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Study Notes
Allergic Reactions
- Allergic reactions can occur from medications or substances within IV fluids.
IV Therapy: Initiation
- Choosing the insertion site for IV depends on vein condition and therapy duration.
- Infusion types include micro and macro drip sets for various fluids and medications.
Medications for Epilepsy
- Medications like carbamazepine and phenytoin prevent both motor and non-motor seizures.
- Phenytoin must never be mixed with IV medications or dextrose; clients may notice red-brown or pink discoloration in sweat and urine.
Antiviral Medications
- Acyclovir suppresses viral replication, used for recurrent genital herpes, available in oral, IV, and topical forms.
- Atovaquone treats and prevents pneumonia; potential adverse effects include fever, rash, and headache.
Tuberculosis Medications
- Ethambutol requires caution in patients with kidney or liver issues; monitor for blurred vision and dizziness.
- Regular visual exams and liver function tests are important for clients on this medication.
Anticoagulants
- Heparin is used for short-term therapy, administered IV or SubQ; it activates thrombin to prevent clot formation.
- Adverse effects may include hemorrhage and thrombocytopenia.
Cardiac Glycosides
- Administering digoxin requires baseline vital signs monitoring; assess for toxicity (e.g., vomiting, anorexia, confusion).
- Safety margin for digoxin blood levels is narrow in infants and children.
Asthma Medications
- Cromolyn stabilizes mast cells to suppress allergic responses in asthma.
- Patients must use contacts during treatment and take the medication daily for prevention.
Anti-Anxiety Medications
- Antianxiety agents target anxiety symptoms and convulsive disorders by depressing subcortical levels in the CNS, resulting in calming effects.
Peptic Ulcer Disease Medications
- Histamine 2 Receptor antagonists inhibit gastric acid secretion and reduce pepsin output; adverse effects include confusion and dizziness.
- Patients should avoid antacids within one hour of medication administration.
Antihypertensive Medications
- Antihypertensives control chronic high blood pressure; clients should rise slowly to prevent dizziness.
- Continue medication even when feeling better to reduce thrombotic risks.
Schedule Drugs
- Schedule V drugs have minimal abuse potential, while Schedule I drugs have high abuse potential and are research-specific.
- Schedule II drugs are more prone to abuse and require non-renewable prescriptions.
Antihistamines
- Antihistamines block H1 receptor sites; first-generation drugs often cause drowsiness compared to second-generation.
- Caution is necessary for geriatric clients or those with glaucoma due to systemic effects.
Inhalers: MDI and DPI
- Metered Dose Inhalers (MDI) deliver bronchodilators and corticosteroids directly to the lungs.
- Short-acting medications in rescue inhalers provide immediate relief during acute respiratory distress.
ACE Inhibitors
- Adverse effects of ACE inhibitors include orthostatic hypotension; patients should rise cautiously to avoid falls.
- Vital signs should be monitored after the first dose, especially if on diuretics; withhold medication if systolic BP falls below 90 mmHg.
Mineral Deficiencies: Iron Supplements
- Carbonyl iron is a slow-absorbing elemental iron supplement; toxicity requires high doses.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key pharmacological considerations in nursing. This quiz covers essential topics related to administration, common side effects, and patient advice related to various medications, including Digoxin and antihypertensives. Perfect for nursing students looking to reinforce their understanding of drug interactions and patient care.
