Questions and Answers
What is the most common adverse effect of diphenhydramine?
What therapeutic effect does cromolyn sodium have?
Reduces inflammation
Why should a client avoid taking guaifenesin with combination over-the-counter cold products?
Combination cold products can also contain guaifenesin
What instruction should be included for a client prescribed zileuton?
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What is the benefit of using a spacer with a metered-dose inhaler?
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What should a client taking prednisone for chronic asthma avoid?
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Why are there legal restrictions on the purchase of pseudoephedrine?
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How do antihistamines treat allergic rhinitis?
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What adverse effect should a client taking albuterol monitor for?
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What should be done between doses of ipratropium and another inhaled medication?
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What finding indicates toxicity in a client taking theophylline?
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What therapeutic effect does beclomethasone provide in asthma treatment?
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Which of the following are adverse effects of pseudoephedrine? (Select all that apply)
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What is the therapeutic effect of an expectorant?
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What adverse effect should be expected when administering phenylephrine?
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What should be included in the instructions for a client starting fluticasone propionate/salmeterol therapy?
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What adverse effects can occur with ipratropium? (Select all that apply)
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Which drug is expected to help mobilize thick respiratory secretions?
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Why should albuterol be used before fluticasone?
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When should montelukast be taken for optimal effectiveness?
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What priority assessment should be made for a client taking codeine?
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What therapeutic effect does a mucolytic have?
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What combined effect can occur with dextromethorphan and morphine?
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With which condition should pseudoephedrine be used with caution?
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How long should it take to see the full therapeutic effect of intranasal glucocorticoids?
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Study Notes
Diphenhydramine
- Drowsiness is the most common adverse effect of diphenhydramine, a first-generation antihistamine.
Cromolyn Sodium
- Cromolyn sodium acts as a mast cell stabilizer, effectively reducing inflammation by inhibiting the inflammatory response.
Guaifenesin and OTC Products
- Combining guaifenesin with other over-the-counter cold products can lead to excessive doses since many include guaifenesin.
Zileuton
- Regular laboratory tests are essential for clients taking zileuton, a leukotriene modifier, due to the risk of liver injury.
Spacer Use with Inhalers
- A spacer device enhances the delivery of medication to the lungs when using a metered-dose inhaler.
Prednisone and NSAIDs
- Clients on prednisone for chronic asthma should avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to prevent gastrointestinal bleeding.
Pseudoephedrine Restrictions
- Legal purchasing restrictions for pseudoephedrine exist due to its potential for drug abuse and conversion to methamphetamine.
Antihistamines and Allergic Rhinitis
- Antihistamines treat allergic rhinitis by blocking histamine from binding to receptors, thus reducing swelling.
Albuterol
- Clients should monitor for palpitations while taking albuterol, as it can lead to cardiac stimulation and arrhythmias at therapeutic doses.
Ipratropium Administration
- A 5-minute wait between using ipratropium and another inhaled drug is necessary to allow for effective bronchodilation.
Theophylline Toxicity
- Plasma levels of theophylline above 30 mcg/mL may cause seizures, indicating toxicity.
Beclomethasone
- Beclomethasone, an intranasal glucocorticoid, treats asthma by decreasing inflammation.
Pseudoephedrine Adverse Effects
- Adverse effects of pseudoephedrine include restlessness, insomnia, and anxiety; it is less likely to cause bradycardia or muscle pain.
Expectorants
- Expectorants work by reducing the surface tension of respiratory secretions, facilitating easier mucus expulsion.
Phenylephrine
- Headaches are a known adverse effect of phenylephrine, an oral sympathomimetic that stimulates adrenergic receptors.
Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol
- Clients on fluticasone propionate/salmeterol should increase weight-bearing activities to mitigate bone loss associated with the medication.
Ipratropium Adverse Effects
- Possible adverse effects of ipratropium include urinary retention and dry mouth.
Acetylcysteine
- Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic agent effective in loosening thick respiratory secretions.
Albuterol and Fluticasone/Salmeterol
- Using albuterol before fluticasone enhances the absorption of fluticasone due to albuterol's bronchodilating effects.
Montelukast
- Montelukast, a leukotriene modifier, is most effective when taken once daily in the evening.
Codeine Assessment
- Monitoring respirations is critical for clients taking codeine due to the risk of severe respiratory depression.
Mucolytics
- Mucolytics thin and loosen mucus, which increases the productivity of coughs.
Dextromethorphan and Morphine
- Combining dextromethorphan with morphine can potentiate central nervous system depression, increasing the risk of respiratory issues.
Pseudoephedrine Precautions
- Caution is advised when using pseudoephedrine in patients with coronary artery disease due to its potential for causing systemic vasoconstriction.
Intranasal Glucocorticoids
- Full therapeutic effects of intranasal glucocorticoids may take up to 2 to 3 weeks to manifest.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts related to the respiratory system and pharmacological treatments, specifically focusing on drugs like diphenhydramine and cromolyn sodium. It's designed to help nursing students grasp important adverse effects and uses of medications. Enhance your understanding of respiratory pharmacology with these flashcards.
