24 Questions
Which type of drug will have a low volume of distribution due to being highly plasma protein bound?
Insulin
When a drug's volume of distribution is very high, exceeding the actual body volume, where is the drug widely distributed?
In adipose tissue
Which drug is retained in the vascular compartment due to its low volume of distribution?
Heparin
Drugs with volume of distribution greater than 46 L are mainly restricted to which fluid compartment in the body?
Extracellular fluid
What allows Thiopentone to produce anesthesia rapidly after administration?
High lipid solubility
The redistribution of Thiopentone from plasma to other less perfused organs is mainly facilitated by?
Passive diffusion
What does drug distribution refer to?
The reversible transfer of drugs between body-fluid compartments
Which factor does NOT affect drug distribution?
Metabolism in the kidneys
What is the main function of the blood-brain barrier?
To protect the brain tissue from toxic substances in the blood
Which factor increases the permeability of the blood-brain barrier?
Inflammation
Which characteristic of a drug allows it to rapidly cross the blood-brain barrier?
Lipid solubility in its unionized form
What are the physiological barriers to drug distribution mentioned in the text?
BBB and placental barrier
What type of drugs can pass through the Blood-CSF barrier?
Unionized lipid soluble drugs
Why is it clinically advantageous to inject penicillin intrathecally for the treatment of brain abscess?
To increase penicillin concentration in the brain
How do acidic drugs primarily bind to plasma proteins?
With plasma albumin
What is the main mechanism of transfer across the placental barrier for lipid-soluble drugs?
Passive diffusion
What can displacement reactions between drugs lead to?
Increase in toxicity
In which conditions would free forms of drugs increase due to decreased albumin levels?
Renal failure
What happens when a drug remains in the muscle and fat for a longer period?
Causes adverse effects like drowsiness
Why are highly plasma protein bound drugs likely to have low volume of distribution?
They stay bound in the bloodstream
What is the effect of alkalinization of urine in acidic drug poisoning?
Reduces drug elimination
Which factor affects drug absorption by influencing the lipid solubility of a drug?
Particle size
How does milk affect the absorption of tetracyclines?
Decreases absorption
Which type of drug reactions involve drug displacement with examples?
Plasma protein binding reactions
Test your knowledge on drug distribution in pharmacokinetics. This quiz covers topics such as physiological barriers to drug distribution, clinical implications of plasma protein binding, apparent volume of distribution, and redistribution of drugs.
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