Pharmacokinetics 2: Absorption, Distribution, and Metabolism
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of drug distribution in pharmacokinetics?

  • To deliver the drug to the target of action (correct)
  • To metabolize the drug in the body
  • To absorb the drug into the body
  • To eliminate the drug from the body

In which compartment are drugs retained if they cannot cross capillary membranes?

  • Interstitial compartment
  • Intravascular compartment (correct)
  • Intracellular compartment
  • Peripheral (extravascular) compartment

What factors influence drug distribution in pharmacokinetics?

  • Lipid solubility and physiochemical properties (correct)
  • Plasma protein/tissue binding
  • Metabolism and elimination
  • Absorption and distribution

Which organs have higher perfusion and blood flow from cardiac output, affecting drug distribution?

<p>Brain and lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of drug distribution involves reversible movement of the drug to and from the blood and tissues?

<p>Two-compartment distribution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the blood-brain barrier in preventing drug entry into the brain?

<p>It consists of tightly bound capillary endothelial cells and efflux pumps, preventing many drugs from entering the brain. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capillary endothelial cells allows for rapid entry of drugs into the brain?

<p>Fenestrated, discontinuous capillary endothelial cells in the brain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of plasma protein binding for drugs in the body?

<p>It serves as a reservoir that prolongs drug action or causes local toxicity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition might a relatively small reduction in albumin binding lead to a large increase in free drug concentration?

<p>Liver failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of back diffusion from well-perfused organs in drug distribution?

<p>To maintain equilibrium between free and bound drug concentration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors plays a crucial role in drug distribution in pharmacokinetics?

<p>Capillary permeability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which compartment are drugs retained if they cannot cross cell membranes?

<p>Extracellular compartment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of drug distribution involves reversible movement of the drug to and from the blood and tissues?

<p>Bidirectional distribution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capillary endothelial cells allows for rapid entry of drugs into the brain?

<p>Fenestrated capillaries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is lipid solubility considered a crucial factor influencing drug distribution in pharmacokinetics?

<p>It influences the drug's ability to cross biological barriers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capillary endothelial cells allows for rapid entry of drugs into the brain?

<p>Fenestrated and discontinuous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of back diffusion from well-perfused organs in drug distribution?

<p>To redistribute drugs into poorly-perfused organs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition might a relatively small reduction in albumin binding lead to a large increase in free drug concentration?

<p>Liver disease with decreased albumin concentration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors influence drug distribution in pharmacokinetics?

<p>Permeability of capillary membranes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which compartment are drugs retained if they cannot cross capillary membranes?

<p>Peripheral compartment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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